Influences of luting cement shade on the color of various translucent monolithic zirconia and lithium disilicate ceramics for veneer restorations.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of resin cement shade on the color of different novel ultratranslucent monolithic zirconia and lithium disilicate veneer materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For a total of 40 specimens, flat cylindrical discs with a 9-mm diameter and 0.5-mm thickness were created using CAD/CAM technology. The specimens were divided into five groups according to their material (n = 8) (e.max, Prettau, Aidite, Shofu and Dima) using A1 shade. Resin discs with the same diameter and shade as the specimens served as tooth-colored substructures. Three shades (neutral, light and warm) of resin cement try-in pastes (Variolink Esthetic LC) were used as the luting cement material. The color of each material group was measured before and after cementation using the three cement shades, and the CIE L*a*b* coordinates were obtained with a spectrophotometer. Values for the translucency parameter (TP) and color change delta E (E) before (baseline) and after cementation of each specimen were determined. To compare differences among the material groups within each shade of cement and among various shades of cement within each material, the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc testing. RESULTS: Color coordinates L*, a* and b* significantly changed after the application of try-in pastes relative to baseline values, with a noticeable decrease in lightness (L*) (P < .05). A significant color change (ΔE) was observed in all tested materials after cementation, with ΔE values exceeding 3.3 (P < .05). Although TP changed after cementation for most materials tested, these changes were not statistically significant (P > .05). Shofu and Dima ceramics showed the lowest TP values, while Aidite and Prettau showed the highest TP values. For e.max, translucency decreased after cementation with neutral and warm shades, and it significantly increased after cementation with a light shade. CONCLUSION: The shade of cement significantly altered the final color of the ceramic veneer material to a level above the threshold at which the clinical perception of color change occurred (> 3.3). The TP was not influenced by the cement shade. The translucency levels of the novel ultratranslucent multilayer monolithic zirconia ceramics Aidite and Prettau were higher than that of the lithium disilicate e.max material.

A Rare Case of Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Elevated Levels of Immunoglobulin G4.

Chronic rhinosinusitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the paranasal sinuses causing several symptoms, including facial pain, anosmia, nasal drainage, and obstruction for a minimal duration of three months. It is a commonly occurring disease and is diagnosed through direct visualization or the detection of inflammation on a CT scan. A mucosal tissue biopsy typically reveals stromal fibrosis and an increase in submucosal glands, and infiltration of mixed mononuclear cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils may also be present but typically makes up less than 10% of the total cells. T helper type 2 releasing cytokines, interleukins (IL-5 and IL-13), as well as histamine, are frequently found in high concentrations in polyp tissue. We report a case of rare chronic rhinosinusitis. The patient's specimen shows a very high number of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-positive plasma cells.

The Antifungal Efficacy of Pure Garlic, Onion, and Lemon Extracts Against Candida albicans.

INTRODUCTION: The oral cavity is considered to be one of the most intricate environments in the human body. It is known to harbor commensal microorganisms that do not cause diseases, such as Candida albicans, a yeast fungus that has a carriage rate that tends to increase with age. It is worth noting that C. albicans can be readily identified within the flora of the gastrointestinal tract in 80% of healthy patients. Traditional medicine has alternatively been shown to play a key role in various health amenities with a wide spectrum anti-microbial effect against various yeast molds. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the antifungal efficacy of pure garlic, onion, and lemon juice extracts against C. albicans. Materials and methods: C. albicans (ATCC 10231) were sub-cultured in brain agar followed by anaerobic incubation for 48 hours at 37°C. Ten plates were used for each of the materials studied to evaluate their antifungal efficacy against C. albicans. The efficiency of commercially available fresh garlic, onion, and lemon was tested in isolation against C. albicans. One-way ANOVA and chi-square were used for comparison between the different materials. The inhibition zone was measured, and the level of statistical significance was set at ≤0.05. RESULTS: The diameter of inhibition zones has been measured along the vertical and horizontal axis. No inhibition zones were observed for the onion and lemon extracts used in this study whereas the garlic extract exhibited inhibition zones with altered sizes (4.89 ± 0.275). A highly significant difference was observed between groups (P = 0.000) and between garlic and the other materials (P = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: Pure garlic showed a highly significant antifungal efficacy when compared to the onion and lemon juice extracts against C. albicans. Further studies are needed using different concentrations of onion, lemon, and lemon peel juice to confirm their antifungal efficacy in addition to their actual antimicrobial benefits.

Association Between Kidney Stone and Dental Calculus in a Saudi Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between dental calculus and kidney stones, and to identify the risk factors associated with the presence of these conditions. METHODS: This study was carried out at the medical city, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between 2020 and 2021. The study included 141 participants (70 with kidney stones and 71 with controls). The dental plaque and calculus indices were used to record plaque and calculus scores, respectively. All information was statistically investigated and the level of significance was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: The plaque and calculus indices were significantly higher in the control group when compared to the kidney stone group (p<0.05). A weak positive correlation between age and the calculus index in the kidney stone group was revealed (r=0.31, p=0.01). However, only within the age group 36-55, the results showed that the control group had a significantly higher calculus index than that of the kidney stone group (p=0.02). The married patients with kidney stones scored a significantly higher plaque index than the unmarried patients (p=0.03). CONCLUSION: The dental plaque and calculus indices were lower in the kidney stone group than those of the non-kidney stone group. Therefore, the clinical observation of dental plaque and calculus may not be indicators of kidney stones. However, within the kidney stone group, elderly and married patients could be at a higher risk for developing dental calculus and plaque, respectively.

Management of Mandibular Compound Odontoma With Numbness in the Lower Jaw.

Odontomas are considered to be among the more common odontogenic tumors in the oral cavity. Several authors classify them as hamartomas instead of actual tumors. Odontomes' precise etiology is still unknown. The majority of odontomas are found during routine radiography studies and are asymptomatic. Odontomes typically cause disruptions to the teeth's eruption, most frequently deflection or delayed eruption. Here, the reported study details the surgical management of a mandibular compound odontoma in a patient who presented with a complaint of numbness in his lower jaw.