Pedunculated Nasopharyngeal Mass: A Case of Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the rarest malignancies and carries a high risk of morbidity and mortality. The presentation of the disease depends on the stage and the anatomical relation of the lesion. In this case report, we present a case of a young female patient, who was found to have a pedunculated nasopharyngeal mass upon examination. The patient presented with nasal obstruction, which improved after surgical removal of the lesion. A histopathological examination of the resected mass revealed an undifferentiated squamous cell carcinoma type, which usually arises as an exophytic raised mass and not a pedunculated mass as in this case.

Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma with and without nodal metastasis: A comparative analysis.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the demographics and clinical factors of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) patients in Saudi Arabia and compared and analyzed the differences between the patients with and without lymph node metastasis (LNM). Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) is a common thyroid cancer and is not usually detectable clinically but found incidentally after pathologic evaluation of thyroid tissue following surgery for benign thyroid disorders. However, these tumors have a significant risk of LNM. METHODS: All PTMC patients who underwent surgery at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, and King Abdulaziz Medical City from 2012 to 2022 were included. The incidence rate of LNM was 9.17%. The patients' average age was 44.05. Most of the patients were female. RESULTS: Prevalence of LNM among PTMC patients is 9.17% (n=31). The PTMC patients showed the following significant risk factors for LNM: higher Bethesda class, type of pathology, extrathyroidal extension, extracapsular extension, lymphovascular invasion, and residual tumors in patients who had received radioactive iodine. Presence of thyroiditis, multifocality, goitrous thyroid, neural invasion, and tumor size were unrelated to the LNM in the PTMC patients. CONCLUSION: Higher Bethesda class, pathology type, extrathyroidal extension, extracapsular extension, lymphovascular invasion, and RAI-treated residual tumors were strongly linked to LNM.

Arterio-Esophageal Fistula: A Complication of Button Battery Ingestion.

Button battery (BB) ingestion is one of the rare foreign body ingestion (FBI) emergencies. Nevertheless, it carries high morbidity and mortality rates. In this case, we present a child with button battery ingestion complicated after successful removal by massive hematemesis and cardiopulmonary arrest. The patient was resuscitated and admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). The event resulted in multiple neurological sequelae as demonstrated by radiological study as well as clinical examination.

Incidence of pediatric rigid esophagoscopy for foreign body removal before and after coin currency implementation in Saudi Arabia in 2017.

BACKGROUND: Foreign body (FB) ingestion is a common problem in children, which can lead to severe complications. Coins are the most common FB ingested. Since coin currency was recently implemented in Saudi Arabia, we decided to assess whether any changes have occurred in the incidence of FB removal by esophagoscopy. OBJECTIVES: Incidence of rigid esophagoscopy for ingested FB removal before and after coin currency implementation. DESIGN: Medical record review SETTINGS: Main referral hospital in Jazan region. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Our study included pediatric patients who underwent rigid esophagoscopy for removal of FB between February 2015 and July 2020 in the otorhinolaryngology department. We reported the incidence, age, gender, and type of FB. As the coin currency implementation started on December 2, 2017, the data were analyzed before and after this date. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Annual incidence of pediatric rigid esophagoscopy for removal of ingested FB and type of the FB. SAMPLE SIZE: 124 patients RESULTS: The median age and interquartile range was 6.0 (5.0) years. After implementation of coins in 2017, 104 cases were reported over 32 months; before that date, 20 cases were reported over 34 months. Coins were the FB in 2 cases (10%) before implementation of coins and in 83 cases (79.8%) after implementation (P=.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The annual incidence of pediatric esophagoscopy for FB removal has increased more than five times since implementation of coin currency. This increase is exclusively related to the increase in coins as a FB. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective study. CONFLICT OF INTEREST: None.

Senior health sciences students' perception of occupational risk of viral hepatitis and attitudes toward patients diagnosed with viral hepatitis B and C.

OBJECTIVES: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the most common causes of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Medical, applied medical science, and dental students constitute a high-risk group for HBV and HCV infections during their training or at the beginning of their careers. This study aimed to explore senior health science students' knowledge of and attitudes toward these infections. METHODS: Between December 2014 and December 2015, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among senior health science at the College of Medicine, the College of Dentistry, and the Laboratory Section of Applied Medical Sciences in Qassim University, Al-Qassim, Saudi Arabia. A validated questionnaire was randomly distributed to male and female senior students to test students' knowledge of the general information on hepatitis B and C as well as their attitudes toward hepatitis B and hepatitis C patients and the disease in general. RESULTS: A total of 205 respondents were invited, but only 180 participated in this survey. Higher knowledge was positively correlated with a higher belief in providing equitable care to hepatitis B/C patients and general anxiety about handling such patients (P < 0.004). Higher beliefs in equity and anxiety predicted higher knowledge when everything else was held constant. CONCLUSION: We found a positive relationship between knowledge levels and attitudes toward HBV and HCV patients. We therefore encourage health science colleges to offer more lectures on HBV and HCV to improve students' knowledge and thereby improve their attitudes.