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1.
Rev Alerg Mex ; 70(1): 43-46, 2023 May 24.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37566755

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The severe pharmacodermias (SF) are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Chronic kidney failure (CKD) related with dialysis is one of the main factors associated with higher mortality. ABCD-10 is a predictive mortality scale that includes the history of dialysis. CASE REPORT: Male 2 years old with a history of CKD on peritoneal dialysis and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, admitted to the hospital due to acute peritonitis and developed SJS-NET secondary to phenytoin administration. He was treated with immunoglobulin and systemic steroid without improvement. Septic shock was added, presenting a fatal outcome. CONCLUSIONS: In the case presented, the ABCD-10 scale was applied, reporting a greater prediction of mortality compared to SCORTEN due to a history of dialysis. In children with SF there are no validated predictive mortality. Future initiatives should search for risk factors for mortality in children who develop SF for the creation of a predictive mortality scale.


ANTECEDENTES: Las farmacodermias graves se asocian con alta morbilidad y mortalidad. La insuficiencia renal crónica relacionada con diálisis es uno de los principales factores asociados con mortalidad. REPORTE DE CASO: Paciente pediátrico masculino de 2 años, con antecedente de insuficiencia renal crónica (en tratamiento con diálisis peritoneal) y síndrome de Lennox-Gastaut, que ingresó al hospital por peritonitis aguda y evolucion a síndrome de Stevens-Johnson-necrólisis epidérmica tóxica, debido a la administración de fenitoína. Recibió tratamiento con inmunoglobulina y corticosteroide sistémico sin mejoría; se agregó choque séptico y posteriormente falleció. CONCLUSIONES: La escala ABCD-10 versus SCORTEN es más efectiva para predecir la mortalidad por antecedente de diálisis. En niños con farmacodermias graves no existen escalas predictoras de mortalidad validadas. Las futuras iniciativas deben buscar factores de riesgo de mortalidad en niños con farmacodermias graves para la creación de una escala predictora de mortalidad.

2.
Rev Alerg Mex ; 69(4): 214-219, 2023 Apr 19.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37218048

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Hyper-IgM syndrome is an innate error of immunity in which there is a defect in change of isotype of immunoglobulins, with decreased values of IgG, IgA, and IgE, but normal or increased level of IgM. This predisposes to infectious processes at the respiratory and gastrointestinal levels, as well as autoimmune diseases and neoplasm. CASE REPORT: A 5 year 7-month-old boy with a history of 2 pneumonias, one of them severe, and chronic diarrhea since he was 2 years old. Persistent moderate neutropenia decreased IgG and elevated IgM. Cytometry flow confirmed absence of CD40L. Clinical evolution with early hepatic involvement. DISCUSSION: Hyper-IgM syndrome predisposes to liver damage, so a complete evaluation is required as well as early diagnosis. Active anti-infective treatment and control of the inflammatory response are key to the treatment of liver damage.


INTRODUCCIÓN: El síndrome de hiper-IgM es un error innato de la inmunidad, caracterizado por un defecto en el cambio de isotipo de inmunoglobulina, con valores disminuidos de IgG, IgA e IgE, y concentraciones normales o elevadas de IgM. Predispone a procesos infecciosos en el sistema respiratorio y aparato gastrointestinal, además de enfermedades autoinmunes y neoplasias. REPORTE DE CASO: Paciente pediátrico de género masculino, de 5 años y 7 meses de edad, con antecedente de dos cuadros de neumonía (uno de estos grave) y diarrea crónica desde los 2 años. Neutropenia moderada persistente, disminución de la concentración de IgG y elevación de IgM. La citometría de flujo confirmó la ausencia de CD40L. Durante la evolución clínica tuvo afectación hepática temprana. CONCLUSIÓn: El síndrome de hiper-IgM predispone a daño hepático, por lo que se requiere la evaluación completa y el diagnóstico oportuno. El tratamiento antiinfeccioso activo y el control de la respuesta inflamatoria son factores decisivos para establecer el tratamiento del daño hepático.


Subject(s)
Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome , Child, Preschool , Humans , Male , CD40 Ligand , Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome/diagnosis , Immunoglobulin G , Immunoglobulin M , Liver
3.
Rev Alerg Mex ; 69(2): 89-92, 2023 Jan 04.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36928249

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The Pfizer-BioNTech® BNT162b2 vaccine, provides 95% effectiveness from the second dose onwards. The reported rate of anaphylaxis to COVID-19 vaccines is 4.7 cases/million doses administered. CASE REPORT: 30-year-old female, health professional, history of allergic rhinitis, asthma, reaction to eye cosmetics and adhesive tape: erythema, edema, and local pruritus. Immediately after application of the first dose of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, she presented grade III anaphylaxis. The patient was stratified, phenotyped and skin tests with PEG 3350 were positive. A recommendation was issued not to reapply vaccine containing polyethylene glycol and alternatives were offered. CONCLUSIONS: An adequate risk stratification should be performed before applying mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines for the first time in at-risk groups. In case of anaphylaxis at the first dose, phenotyping and further study with PEG skin tests should be performed and vaccination alternatives should be offered.


INTRODUCCIÓN: La vacuna Pfizer-BioNTech® BNT162b2 proporciona efectividad del 95% a partir de la segunda dosis. La tasa de anafilaxia reportada de vacunas para COVID-19 es de 4.7 casos por millón de dosis administradas. REPORTE DEL CASO: Paciente femenina de 30 años, profesional de la salud, con antecedentes de rinitis alérgica, asma, reacción a productos cosméticos en los párpados y al pegamento de la cinta adhesiva (eritema, edema y prurito local). Posterior a la aplicación de la primera dosis de la vacuna Pfizer-BioNTechÒ tuvo un evento de anafilaxia grado III. Se estratificó, fenotipificó y efectuaron pruebas cutáneas con PEG-3350, que resultaron positivas. Se sugirió no aplicar la aplicar vacuna de refuerzo que contuviera polietilenglicol y se ofrecieron alternativas de tratamiento. CONCLUSIONES: Es importante efectuar la adecuada estratificación de riesgo antes de aplicar las vacunas para COVID-19 basadas en ARNm por primera vez. En caso de anafilaxia es necesario fenotipificar y ampliar el estudio con pruebas cutáneas con PEG, además de otorgar alternativas de vacunación.


Subject(s)
Anaphylaxis , COVID-19 Vaccines , COVID-19 , Vaccines , Adult , Female , Humans , Anaphylaxis/diagnosis , Anaphylaxis/etiology , BNT162 Vaccine , COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects
4.
Gac Med Mex ; 152(1): 36-42, 2016.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26927642

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To identify the prevalence of depression in Mexican pediatric patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Analytical transversal study including patients aged 7-16 years with a diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus seen at the Pediatric Rheumatology Consultation Service. The disease was classified by means of the MEX-SLEDAI questionnaire. Descriptive statistics with central tendency and dispersion and comparative measurements with chi-squared and Mann-Whitney U tests. Logistic regression and association with odds ratios. SPSS v.21.0 statistical software package. RESULTS: We evaluated 45 patients who presented depression, n=9 (20%), including eight females (89%) and one male (11%), median age 13 years (range, 7-16) in children with depression vs. 13 years (range, 9-14) p=0.941, depression more frequent in schoolchildren. Habitual residence, disease evolution time, and duration of the immunosuppressor did not show a significant difference between both groups. Divorced parents p=0.037. Neuropsychiatric manifestations of lupus presented in 2.2% of all patients and in 100% of patients with depression. Disease activity index (MEX-SLEDAI) did not demonstrate a relationship with the presence of depression. CONCLUSION: Prevalences in pediatric populations are less that that reported in adults, association with disease activity, evolution time, and immunosuppressor use and duration not found.


Subject(s)
Depressive Disorder/epidemiology , Depressive Disorder/etiology , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Adolescent , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico/epidemiology , Prevalence
5.
Invest Clin ; 54(2): 171-9, 2013 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23947006

ABSTRACT

We analyzed in 31 subjects, regular guests of the University food service of the Central University of Venezuela (UCVFS), in Caracas, the effects of replacing sunflower oil, commonly used in the preparation of meals, by a mix of sunflower oil and palm olein 70/30 (v/v) respectively. Plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, low and very low density lipoproteins were not changed after 40 days of the substitution. On the contrary, concentrations of high density lipoprotein and total triglycerides increased. The resistance to the oxidation of low-density lipoproteins increased considerably (p < 0.01). Today this resistance is considered as a protective factor of great importance in the prevention of the initiation of the atherogenic process. Taking into account the favorable modifications of HDL cholesterol and the clear increased resistance to the oxidation of LDL, we think that palm olein, mixed with other oils with a high ratio linoleic/palmitic (sunflower, corn, soya an the likes), can be used as a healthy alternative in human nutrition.


Subject(s)
Cholesterol/blood , Dietary Fats, Unsaturated/pharmacology , Lipoproteins/blood , Plant Oils/pharmacology , Adult , Cholesterol, HDL/blood , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Cholesterol, VLDL/blood , Dietary Fats, Unsaturated/administration & dosage , Female , Food Analysis , Humans , Lauric Acids/analysis , Linoleic Acid/analysis , Male , Myristic Acid/analysis , Oxidation-Reduction , Palm Oil , Palmitic Acid/analysis , Plant Oils/administration & dosage , Plant Oils/chemistry , Sunflower Oil , Triglycerides/blood , Vitamin E/analysis , Young Adult
6.
Arch. venez. pueric. pediatr ; 76(2): 61-67, jun. 2013. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-702759

ABSTRACT

Los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados de cadena larga son importantes para el crecimiento y funcionamiento de numerosos órganos y sistemas bioquímicos del niño. Objetivo: Documentar el nivel de ácidos grasos (AG) en niños preescolares de Venezuela para obtener datos sobre su promedio, desviación estándar y su relación con el estrato socioeconómico y ubicación geográfica. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo y transversal que incluyó a 191 niños en edad preescolar de los Estados Miranda, Nueva Esparta, Bolívar y Orinoquia de diversos estratos socioeconómicos según la clasificación de Graffar-Méndez-Castellano. Se analizó el contenido de AG de los glicerofosfolípidos de las células de la mucosa bucal con el método de Klinger y colaboradores modificado. El análisis estadístico se realizó usando el paquete estadístico StatCrunch. Resultados: La distribución de Ácido Docosahexaenoico (DHA) es bimodal, mientras que la del Araquidónico es Gaussiana. El DHA es mayor en los grupos socio-económicos más aventajados (Estratos sociales I-III) que en los con menores ingresos (Estratos sociales IV-V) en Caracas, donde estos últimos llegan a tener valores inferiores al 0,2%. Esa situación se revierte (Estratos sociales IV-V) > Estratos sociales I-III) en Margarita. La población indígena de Orinoquia tiene valores de DHA comparables a valores reportados en países ricos. Los valores de AG trans isómeros son bajos (<0,5%). Conclusiones: Hay diferencias en los niveles de AG en niños preescolares venezolanos según las regiones geográficas y el estrato socioeconómico. Los valores bajos de DHA encontrados en algunos grupos urbanos de preescolares ameritarían futuros estudios de intervención con alimentos fortificados con este AG.


Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids are important for growth and function of several organs and biochemical systems in the child. Objective: Document the level of fatty acids (FA) in Venezuela preschool children to obtain data on their average, standard deviation and its relationship with socioeconomic status and geographic location. Methodology: A cross-sectional study included 191 preschool children from Miranda, Nueva Esparta, Bolívar States and Orinoquia coming from different socioeconomic strata according to the Graffar-Méndez-Castellano classification system. The FA content of glycerophospholipids fraction in oral mucosal cells was analyzed by the method of Klinger and colleagues with minor modification. Data analysis was performed using the statistical package StatCrunch. Results: The Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has a bimodal distribution pattern whilst the Arachidonic acid is Gaussian. DHA is higher in the better-off socioeconomic groups (Strata I-III) than in the worst-off groups (Strata V-V) in Caracas, whose values are lower than 0.2%. This situation is reversed (Strata V-V) > Strata (I-III)) in Margarita. The indigenous population from Orinoquia has high levels of DHA, similar to those reported in affluent countries. The Trans fatty acid isomer content of the majority of children was low (<0.5%). Conclusions: There are differences in the FA content of Venezuelan pre-school children with respect to their socioeconomic and geographical regions. Low levels of DHA found in some urban groups of pre-school children require future intervention studies with FA fortified food.

7.
Arch Latinoam Nutr ; 59(1): 61-5, 2009 Mar.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19480345

ABSTRACT

Fatty acids in mature breast milk from low socioeconomic levels of Venezuelan women: influence of temperature and time of storage. Breast milk is the main food in infants from birth until six months old. It is important to know if precarious life conditions could limit some nutrients in mother's milk. The objective of this study is to evaluate the total fat and essential long chain fatty acids in mature breast milk from low socioeconomic levels in Venezuelan women. The values of total fat (3.56 +/- 1.18 g/%) are similar that reported in the literature, however the sume of LC-PUFA n-3 was 0.3 +/- 0.04% which is related whith low n-3 fatty acid maternal diet.The sume LC-PUFA n-3 contained in this study is below most of the reviewed publications. The average amount of 22:6 n-3 in breast milk offered to newborn one month old (750 ml/day) is below estimated requirements (70 mg/day). The majority of these samples provide to the infants, the amount of DHA estimated as convenient to sustain normal growth. Also it was explored how the time (8h to 24 h) and temperatura (+4 degrees C, +15 degrees C, and +25 degrees C) can affect its composition. This data will permit to select the best condiitions of sampling and storage of mother's milk in future investigations in different regions of Venezuela. Most of the breast milk fatty acids tolerate some hours at room temperature (25 degrees C) but essential long chain fatty acids are very vulnerable. We propose that, in consequence, that samples should be transported in sterile conditions in dry ice to the laboratory in a few hours and should be kept at -70 degrees C until their analysis.


Subject(s)
Fatty Acids, Omega-3/analysis , Food Preservation , Milk, Human/chemistry , Social Class , Body Mass Index , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Socioeconomic Factors , Temperature , Time Factors , Venezuela
8.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; 59(1): 61-65, mar. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-588680

ABSTRACT

La leche materna (LM) es el alimento por excelencia en los niños desde el nacimiento hasta los seis meses de edad. Es importante saber si las condiciones de vida precaria podrían limitar algunos nutrientes en la LM. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el contenido de grasa total (GT) y de ácidos grasos esenciales de cadena larga (LC-PUFA), en leches maternas maduras de mujeres venezolanas de estratos socioeconómicos bajos. Los valores de GT (3.56 ±1.18 g/ por ciento) coinciden con los reportados en otras publicaciones. La suma de LC-PUFA n-3 fue 0,3 ± 0.04 por ciento lo cual se corresponde con una dieta materna baja en ácidos grasos serie n-3. Especialmente notorio es el hecho que al calcular la cantidad de 22:6 n-3 que podría aportar la leche materna promedio a un recién nacido de un mes (consumo de 750 ml/día de leche) está por debajo del requerimiento calculado (70 mg/dia). La mayoría de estas muestras proveen la cantidad de DHA estimada como conveniente para mantener un adecuado crecimiento del recién nacido. También se exploró como el tiempo (8h y 24h) y la temperatura de almacenamiento (+40C, +150C y +250C) pueden afectar su composición. Estos datos permitirán elegir las mejores condiciones de muestreo y almacenamiento de la leche materna para futuras investigaciones en diversas áreas de Venezuela. Si bien la mayor parte de los ácidos grasos de la leche materna pueden tolerar varias horas a temperatura de unos 250C, los ácidos LC-PUFA son muy vulnerables. Se propone, en consecuencia, que las muestras, tomadas en recipientes estériles y en hielo seco deben ser transportadas en pocas horas al laboratorio para mantenerlas a -700C hasta el momento del análisis.


Breast milk is the main food in infants from birth until six months old. It is important to know if precarious life conditions could limit some nutrients in mother’s milk. The objective of this study is to evaluate the total fat and essential long chain fatty acids in mature breast milk from low socioeconomic levels in Venezuelan women. The values of total fat (3.56 ± 1.18 g/ percent) are similar that reported in the literature, however the sume of LC-PUFA n-3 was 0,3 ± 0.04 percent which is related whith low n-3 fatty acid maternal diet.The sume LC-PUFA n-3 contained in this study is below most of the reviewed publications. The average amount of 22:6 n-3 in breast milk offered to newborn one month old (750 ml/day) is below estimated requirements (70mg/day). The majority of these samples provide to the infants, the amount of DHA estimated as convenient to sustain normal growth. Also it was explored how the time (8h to 24 h) and temperatura (+40C, +150C y +250C) can affect its composition. This data will permit to select the best condiitions of sampling and storage of mother’s milk in future investigations in different regions of Venezuela. Most of the breast milk fatty acids tolerate some hours at room temperature (250C) but essential long chain fatty acids are very vulnerable. We propose that, in consequence, that samples should be transported in sterile conditions in dry ice to the laboratory in a few hours and should be kept at -700C until their analysis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , /analysis , Food Storage , Milk, Human , Social Class
9.
Rev. Fac. Med. (Caracas) ; 25(1): 93-96, ene.-jul. 2002. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-355138

ABSTRACT

Se conocen las relaciones entre los ácidos grasos dietarios, la aterogénesis y las concentraciones de lípidos del plasma. Puesto que las lipoproteínas del plasma en parte provienen del hígado, es de interés identificar como los ácidos grasos de la dieta influyen sobre los lípidos del hígado. Investigamos en la rata el efecto de modificaciones de los ácidos grasos dietéticos sobre el hígado de ratas machos. Los animales se sometieron a dietas con igual contenido de grasa total, pero provenientes de tres fuentes distintas: aceite de pescado, maíz y palma. En el primero hay una proporción importante de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados de la serie n-3, en el segundo predominan los ácidos grasos de la serie n-6 y en el tercero los ácidos oleico y el palmítico. Es bien claro que la modificación principal recae sobre los ésteres del colesterol hepático, sus ácidos grasos y las concentraciones de las lipoproteínas del plasma


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Fatty Acids/analysis , Cholesterol Esters/analysis , Liver/metabolism , Lipoproteins , Rats , Venezuela
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