[Clinical and epidemiological features of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children under 16 years of age]. / Caracterización clínica y epidemiológica de la infección por SARS-CoV-2 en menores de 16 años.

INTRODUCTION: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, efforts have focused on trying to identify the routes of transmis sion of the virus, characterize its symptoms and signs, and investigate the best diagnostic and thera peutic methods. There are fewer published data and series in the pediatric population than in adults. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics in children under 16 years of age diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Descriptive study carried out on children who underwent SARS-CoV-2 RNA testing due to compatible symptoms, close contact, or requiring hospitalization or surgery, in the Emergency Department of a hospital in Madrid, Spain. 30 variables were collected including epidemiological data, symptoms, and signs of infection. RESULTS: Out of 1378 patients, 12% were positive (165). There was a higher proportion of patients of North African origin in the positive group than in the negative one (p < 0.01). Of all patients, 35.6% reported close contact with a confirmed case, which was more frequent in the positive group. 75.8% of the positive patients had some symptoms, most frequently fever, runny nose, and cough, followed by digesti ve symptoms. There was one case of COVID-19 pneumonia and two patients with MIS-C, one of which had SARS-CoV-2 infection. Eight of the positive patients (4.8%) required hospitalization due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. CONCLUSION: Although SARS-CoV-2 infection is milder in the pediatric population, almost 5% will require hospitalization. No close contact was identified in a high percen tage of patients (61%). Further studies are needed at all levels of care to characterize the infection in children and adolescents.

Functional gastrointestinal disorders frequency by Rome IV criteria.

INTRODUCTION: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are a very common pediatric disease, with strong implications for children and their families. We aimed to determine their frequency in our environment (per Rome IV criteria) and to establish if there is seasonal variability in diagnosis. METHODS: Descriptive, prospective study. For 12 months, children under 16 years of age with suspected FGIDs who had a first pediatric gastroenterology consultation were included and classified according to Rome IV criteria. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS v22. RESULTS: 574 children received consultations, 67% were >4 years of age. FGIDs were suspected in 44.6% of the patients, 32.4% were diagnosed according to Rome IV criteria (16.4% <4 years, 40.3% >4 years). 51.1% were female, average age of 8.4 ±â€¯4.2 years and mean of 7 months of symptoms until diagnosis (range 3-150). In patients <4 years, the most common disorders were functional constipation (48.4%), regurgitation (22.5%) and functional diarrhea (16.1%); in patients >4 years of age, functional abdominal pain (29%), functional dyspepsia (28.4%) and functional constipation (16.8%) were most frequent. We didn't discern seasonal variations in diagnosis in the global study population (p = 0.96) or by age group (<4 p = 0.51; >4 p = 0.57). CONCLUSIONS: FGIDs account for one third of our patients' consultations. While the Rome IV criteria are more inclusive than before, almost 30% of patients with suspected FGIDs don't meet said criteria. Although a seasonal difference regarding diagnosis was observed, it wasn't statistically significant either in the sample group as a whole or by age group.

Frecuencia de trastornos gastrointestinales funcionales según criterios Roma IV / Functional gastrointestinal disorders frequency by Rome IV criteria

Introducción: Los trastornos funcionales gastrointestinales (TFGI) son una enfermedad común en pediatría, con fuertes implicaciones para el niño y su familia. Nuestro objetivo es determinar su frecuencia en nuestro medio según criterios Roma IV y la posible variación estacional al diagnóstico. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo con recogida de información prospectiva. Durante un año se incluyó a menores de 16 años que acudieron a primera consulta de Gastroenterología Pediátrica con sospecha de TFGI, a los que se clasificó según Roma IV. Análisis estadístico mediante SPSS v22. Resultados: Acudieron en total 574 niños, el 67% mayores de 4 años. Se sospechó TFGI en el 44,6%, siendo diagnosticados según criterios Roma IV el 32,4% (16,4% <4 años, 40,3%> 4 años). El 51,1% eran mujeres, edad media de 8,4± 4,2 años y mediana de 7 meses de síntomas al diagnóstico (rango: 3-150). Por frecuencia, en <4 años destacan el estreñimiento (48,4%), la regurgitación (22,5%) y la diarrea funcional (16,1%), y en> 4 años el dolor abdominal funcional no especificado (29%), la dispepsia funcional (28,4%) y el estreñimiento (16,8%). En el diagnóstico por trimestres no se objetivaron diferencias en el total (p=0,96) ni por grupos de edad (< 4 años, p=0,51;> 4 años, p=0,57) Conclusión: Según Roma IV, los TFGI suponen un tercio de los pacientes de nuestra consulta. A pesar de ser más inclusivos que previamente, casi un 30% de los pacientes con sospecha no cumple criterios. Aunque existe cierta variación estacional en la frecuencia diagnóstica, no fue significativa ni en el total ni por grupos de edad. (AU)

Introduction: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are a very common pediatric disease, with strong implications for children and their families. We aimed to determine their frequency in our environment (per Rome IV criteria) and to establish if there is seasonal variability in diagnosis. Material and methods: Descriptive, prospective study. For 12 months, children under 16 years of age with suspected FGIDs who had a first pediatric gastroenterology consultation were included and classified according to Rome IV criteria. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS v22. Results: 574 children received consultations, 67% were >4 years of age. FGIDs were suspected in 44.6% of the patients, 32.4% were diagnosed according to Rome IV criteria (16.4%, <4 years; 40.3%, >4 years). 51.1% were female, average age of 8.4±4.2 years and mean of 7 months of symptoms until diagnosis (range 3–150). In patients <4 years, the most common disorders were functional constipation (48.4%), regurgitation (22.5%) and functional diarrhea (16.1%); in patients >4 years of age, functional abdominal pain (29%), functional dyspepsia (28.4%) and functional constipation (16.8%) were most frequent. We did not discern seasonal variations in diagnosis in the global study population (p=.96) or by age group (< 4, P=.51; > 4, P=.57). Conclusions: FGIDs account for one third of our patients’ consultations. While the Rome IV criteria are more inclusive than before, almost 30% of patients with suspected FGIDs do not meet said criteria. Although a seasonal difference regarding diagnosis was observed, it was not statistically significant either in the sample group as a whole or by age group. (AU)

[Functional gastrointestinal disorders frequency by Rome IV criteria]. / Frecuencia de trastornos gastrointestinales funcionales según criterios Roma IV.

INTRODUCTION: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are a very common pediatric disease, with strong implications for children and their families. We aimed to determine their frequency in our environment (per Rome IV criteria) and to establish if there is seasonal variability in diagnosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive, prospective study. For 12 months, children under 16 years of age with suspected FGIDs who had a first pediatric gastroenterology consultation were included and classified according to Rome IV criteria. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS v22. RESULTS: 574 children received consultations, 67% were >4 years of age. FGIDs were suspected in 44.6% of the patients, 32.4% were diagnosed according to Rome IV criteria (16.4%, <4 years; 40.3%, >4 years). 51.1% were female, average age of 8.4±4.2 years and mean of 7 months of symptoms until diagnosis (range 3-150). In patients <4 years, the most common disorders were functional constipation (48.4%), regurgitation (22.5%) and functional diarrhea (16.1%); in patients >4 years of age, functional abdominal pain (29%), functional dyspepsia (28.4%) and functional constipation (16.8%) were most frequent. We did not discern seasonal variations in diagnosis in the global study population (p=.96) or by age group (< 4, P=.51; > 4, P=.57). CONCLUSIONS: FGIDs account for one third of our patients' consultations. While the Rome IV criteria are more inclusive than before, almost 30% of patients with suspected FGIDs do not meet said criteria. Although a seasonal difference regarding diagnosis was observed, it was not statistically significant either in the sample group as a whole or by age group.