[Comparative characteristics of root formation and mineralization features in the permanent teeth according to cone beam computed tomography data]. / Sravnitel'naya kharakteristika osobennostei formirovaniya kornei i ikh mineralizatsii v postoyannykh zubakh po dannym konusno-luchevoi komp'yuternoi tomografii.

AIM: Studying features of root formation and mineralization in permanent teeth of children and adults. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The root formation features were studied in 2800 children's permanent teeth aged 6-15 in Moscow and Moscow region; cone beam computed tomography was performed according to the orthodontic indications. CBCT method was also used to study the apical foramen diameter, width of the permanent teeth periodontal fissure, perform clinical examination and treatment of youngsters and young people (aged 12-25, n=180) with pulpitis (K04.03), apical periodontitis (K04.5) and uncompleted processes of hard tissues mineralization and hard tissues with different degrees of maturation; as well as groups of adults (aged 30-50, n=170) with pulpitis (K04.03) and apical periodontitis (K04.5) in permanent teeth with completed processes of hard tissues mineralization. RESULTS: CBCT is objective for visualizing teeth of both jaws which allows determining root formation stages in children's permanent teeth and high precision during one examination visit. Teeth Youngster's and young peopl's teeth have expressed anatomical and structural features during 5-6 years after root formation completion: apical foramen diameter of 0.71±0.004 mm, periodontal fissure width of 1.01±0.004 mm, hard tissues density in apical part of root is 12282.71 units HU, which is different from analogous readings in people over 25 where they make 0.61±0.004 mm (p<0.05); 0.71±0.003 mm (p<0.05); 1428.6±0.89 units HU (p<0.05) respectively. CONCLUSION: CBCT is a useful tool for visualization of dental roots allowing precise definition of root developmental stage in permanent teeth in children by one diagnostic imaging procedure.

[Role of cone-beam tomography in choosing an endodontic treatment policy for adolescents and young people].

The everyday use of standard X-ray studies, such as intraoral radiography, less frequently orthopantomography, permits detailed characterization of the anatomic characteristics of dentin, which are required to plan an endodontic treatment policy for permanent teeth in adolescents and young people. The application of dental volume tomography (DVT) evidence will make it possible to objectify criteria for the level of formation of tooth root dentins and their mineralization levels, by further developing the principles of planning and endodontic treatment, which consider anatomic characteristics. The purpose of the investigation was to study the informative value of DVT during endodontic treatment for permanent teeth in adolescents and young people. One hundred and ninety-five DVT scans, 195 orthopantomograms, and 300 radio images, which were made in 159 patients aged 12 to 24 years (a study group) and 36 patients aged 25-30 years (a control group), were examined. Analyzing DVT evidence yielded the mean threshold values for an apical foramen width of 0.62 to 0.66 mm and an apical root dentin density of 1390 to 1410 units, which were characteristic of formed permanent teeth. An endodontic treatment policy was chosen according to which range the values of apical foramen widths and dentin densities were within. The study of DTV values has indicated that this technique is of more informative value than others and may be recommended for its extensive use as a first-line method.

[Effect of a pseudovolume image in multifocus radiography].

The effect of a pseudovolume image was theoretically substantiated on the basis of calculations. This was experimentally studied using with microfocus x-ray diagnostic apparatuses. Digital microfocus and standard x-ray study were compared using an experimental material. Microfocus x-ray study is a highly informative technique that shows a greater possibility to provide volume images of an object than does standard x-ray study.