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1.
Sanid. mil ; 70(2): 95-97, abr.-jun. 2014. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-125560

ABSTRACT

Las complicaciones vasculares secundarias al tratamiento quirúrgico del cáncer de riñón localizado son más frecuentes cuando se realiza una cirugía conservadora de nefronas. Sin embargo, la nefrectomía radical no está exenta de ellas. Presentamos el caso de un pseudoaneurisma de la arteria renal principal con comunicación fistulosa a colon ascendente tras nefrectomía radical. El paciente debutó con un episodio de shock hipovolémico debido a hemorragia digestiva baja


Vascular complications secondary to surgical treatment of localized kidney cancer are more frequent when a nephronsparing surgery is performed. However, radical nephrectomy is not exempt from them. We report the case of a pseudoaneurysm of the main renal artery with fistulous communication to ascending colon after radical nephrectomy. The patient presented with an episode of hypovolemic shock due to lower gastrointestinal bleeding


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aneurysm, False/complications , Renal Artery , Intestinal Fistula/complications , Nephrectomy , Postoperative Complications , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology
2.
Actas Urol Esp ; 31(3): 250-2, 2007 Mar.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17658153

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To study the incidence and characteristic of the bilateral tumours of testicle. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was carried out a retrospective study on a database of testiculars tumours 98 tried in our service among the years 1979 and 2004. RESULTS: We registered 4 cases of bilateral tumours (4,1%) in the series. The interval of appearance of the second tumor oscillated between 14 months and 4 and a half years (being the medium of 47 months). In three cases the initial tumour was an embryonic Carcinoma and in one a tumour of Lydia. In two cases the second tumour was of the same type histological (embryonic Ca and tumour of Leydig), while in the other two cases of embryonic Ca, the second tumour was a seminoma and a teratocarcinoma. Regarding the histology of the first tumour, it was observed that only 3 of the 27 embryonic Ca (11%) of our series, they experienced a second neoplasia in front of 1 of the 2 tumours of Leydig (50%). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of bilateral tumours in our series was of 4,1%. In our series the risk of the second tumour seems to be higher in patients with Leyding tumours, therefore the lesser number of tumours do not allow us to know significantly conclusions.


Subject(s)
Testicular Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies
3.
Actas urol. esp ; 31(3): 250-252, mar. 2007. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-054076

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Estudiar la incidencia y características de los tumores bilaterales de testículo. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo sobre una base de datos de tumores 98 testiculares tratados en nuestro servicio entre los años 1979 y 2004. Resultados. Se registraron 4 casos de tumores bilaterales (un 4,1%) en la serie. El intervalo de aparición del segundo tumor osciló entre 14 meses y 4 años y medio (siendo la mediana de 47 meses). En tres casos el tumor inicial fue un Carcinoma embrionario y en uno un tumor de Leydig. En dos casos el segundo tumor fue del mismo tipo histológico (Ca embrionario y tumor de Leydig), mientras que en los otros dos casos de Ca embrionario, el segundo tumor fue un seminoma y un teratocarcinoma. Respecto a la histología del primer tumor, se observó que sólo 3 de los 27 Ca embrionarios (11%) de nuestra serie, experimentaron una segunda neoplasia frente a 1 de los 2 tumores de Leydig (50%). Conclusiones. La incidencia de tumores bilaterales en nuestra serie fue del 4,1%, en nuestra serie el riesgo de aparición de un segundo tumor parece ser mas elevado en pacientes con tumores de Leydig aunque el pequeño número de caso no son permite extraer conclusiones significativas


Objectives: To study the incidence and characteristic of the bilateral tumours of testicle. Material and methods. It was carried out a retrospective study on a database of testiculars tumours 98 tried in our service among the years 1979 and 2004. Results. We registered 4 cases of bilateral tumours (4,1%) in the series. The interval of appearance of the second tumor oscillated between 14 months and 4 and a half years (being the medium of 47 months). In three cases the initial tumour was an embryonic Carcinoma and in one a tumour of Lydia. In two cases the second tumour was of the same type histological (embryonic Ca and tumour of Leydig), while in the other two cases of embryonic Ca, the second tumour was a seminoma and a teratocarcinoma. Regarding the histology of the first tumour, it was observed that only 3 of the 27 embryonic Ca (11%) of our series, they experienced a second neoplasia in front of 1 of the 2 tumours of Leydig (50%). Conclusions. The incidence of bilateral tumours in our series was of 4,1 %. In our series the risk of the second tumour seems to be higher in patients with Leyding tumours, therefore the lesser number of tumours do not allow us to know significantly conclusions


Subject(s)
Male , Humans , Germinoma/pathology , Testicular Neoplasms/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Seminoma/pathology , Teratocarcinoma/pathology , Leydig Cell Tumor/pathology , Recurrence , Testicular Neoplasms/epidemiology
4.
Actas Urol Esp ; 30(1): 53-6, 2006 Jan.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16703730

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The Bladder neck cerclage diminishes the risk of bleeding after transvesical prostatectomy, but it increases the risk of suffering postoperative bladder neck sclerosis. Our objective is to value the effectiveness and therapeutic security of the temporary bladder neck cerclage after transvesical prostatectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was carried out a prospective and longitudinal study in a cohort of 25 age patients mean age 68,5 years (standard deviation, 2,6 years), subjected to transvesical prostatectomy (Freyer) with bladder neck cerclage using polipropilene number 1 suture, that was retired at the 24 hours of the surgery. To value the hemostatic utility of bladder neck cerclage, it was measured the hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration at the 24 hours of the intervention. To evaluate the appearance of obstructive sequels, the maximum urinary flow was measured three months after the surgery. RESULTS: It was observed a mean hematocrit at the 24 hours of surgery of 7,3%, and a mean decrease of the hemoglobin at the 24 hours of the surgery of 2,7 gr/dl. In any cases the postoperative hemoglobin concentration was inferior to 8 mg/dl, therefore, it was not necessary transfusion. The uroflowmetry carried out at 3 months of surgery showed that 24 of the 25 intervened patients presented a maximum flow superior to 15 ml/sg. CONCLUSIONS: The temporary bladder neck cerclage is a good hemostatic technique. The precocious cercalge retreat avoids the late sequels (bladder neck sclerosos), that originates the permanent cerclage.


Subject(s)
Prostatectomy/methods , Urinary Bladder/surgery , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Male , Postoperative Care/methods , Prospective Studies
5.
Actas urol. esp ; 30(1): 53-56, ene. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-043235

ABSTRACT

Introducción: El cerclaje del cuello vesical disminuye el riesgo de sangrado tras adenomectomía prostática, pero aumenta el riesgo de padecer esclerosis cervical postoperatoria. Nuestro objetivo es valorar la eficacia y seguridad terapéutica del cerclaje temporal del cuello vesical tras adenomectomía prostática. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio longitudinal perspectivo en una cohorte de 25 pacientes de edad media 68,5 años (desviación típica, 2,6 años), sometidos adenomectomía prostática transvesical tipo Freyer con cerclaje cervical temporal utilizando polipropileno del número 1 que se retiró a las 24 horas de la cirugía. Para valorar la utilidad hemostática del cerclaje se midió el descenso del hematocrito y la concentración de hemoglobina a las 24 horas de la intervención. Para evaluar la aparición de secuelas obstructivas se midió el flujo miccional máximo a los tres meses de la cirugía. Resultados: Se observó una disminución media del valor hematocrito a las 24 horas de la cirugía del 7,3%, y una disminución media de la hemoglobina a las 24 horas de la cirugía de 2,7 gr./dl. En ninguno de los casos la concentración de hemoglobina postoperatoria fue inferior a 8 mg/dl, por lo que no se precisó transfusión. Los resultados obtenidos en la medición de la flujometría realizada a los 3 meses de esta mostró que 24 de los 25 pacientes intervenidos presentaron a los 3 meses un flujo máximo superior a 15 ml/sg. Conclusiones: El cerclaje vesical temporal es una buena técnica hemostática. La retirada precoz del cerclaje evita las secuelas tardías (esclerosis de cuello vesical) que origina el cerclaje permanente


Introduction: The Bladder neck cerclage diminishes the risk of bledding after transvesical prostatectomy, but it increases the risk of suffering postoperative bladder neck sclerosis. Our objective is to value the effectiveness and therapeutic security of the temporary bladder neck cerclage after transvesical prostaectomy. Material and methods: It was carried out a prospective and longitudinal study in a cohort of 25 age patients mean age 68,5 years (standard deviation, 2,6 years), subjected to transvesical prostatectomy (Freyer) with bladder neck cerclage using polipropilene number 1 suture, that was retired at the 24 hours of the surgery. To value the hemostatic utility of bladder neck cerclage, it was measured the hematocrit and hemoglobin concetration at the 24 hours of the intervention. To evaluate the appearance of obstructive sequels, the maximun urinary flow was measured three months after the surgery. Results: It was observed a mean hematocrit at the 24 hours of surgery of 7,3%, and a mean decrease of the hemoglobin at the 24 hours of the surgery of 2,7 gr/ dl. In any cases the postoperative hemoglobin concentration was inferior to 8 mg/dl, therefore, it was not necessary transfusion. The uroflowmetry carried out at 3 months of surgery showed that 24 of the 25 intervened patients presented a maximum flow superior to 15 ml/sg. Conclusions: The temporary bladder neck cerclage is a good hemostatic technique. The precocious cercalge retreat avoids the late sequels (bladder neck sclerosos), that originates the permanent cerclage


Subject(s)
Male , Aged , Humans , Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery , Cerclage, Cervical/methods , Prostatectomy/methods , Prospective Studies , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Hemostasis
6.
Med. mil ; 61(3): 263-265, jul.-sept. 2005. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-056879

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Estudiar las características de los pacientes con neoplasia testicular pertenecientes al contingente de reemplazo del Servicio Militar Obligatorio, comparándolas con los pacientes no pertenecientes a ese grupo. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio longitudinal retrospectivo de los pacientes intervenidos en el Servicio de Urología del Hospital Central de la Defensa entre los años 1979 y 2004. Los pacientes se clasificaron en dos grupos: menores de 21 años intervenidos hasta el año 1999 y resto de pacientes. El análisis estadístico se realizo mediante la prueba de la chi-cuadrado. Resultados: No se observaron d iferencias estadísticamentes ignificativas entre ambos grupos de pacientes respecto a los síntomas iniciales de presentación de la neoplasia, el tiempo de demora hasta la cirugía y el estadío tumoral. Si se observaron diferencias significativas en relación al tipo histológico de neoplasia testicular. En los pacientes pertenecientes al contingente de reemplazo fuefon más frecuentesl as neoplasiasg erminales no seminomatosasC. onclusiones: La única diferencia significativa de los pacientes de reemplazo con neoplasia testicular respecto a otro tipo de pacientes fue el tipo de neoplasia testicular. Esta diferencia guarda relación con la menor edad de estos paciente


Objectives: To study the testicular neoplastic patients features into those included in the obligatory enlistment for military service replacement troops, comparing with the patients not belonging to such group. Methods: a retrospective longitudinal study was done within the list of patients operated at the Servicio de Urología from the Hospital Central de la Defensa, between years 1979 and 2004. Patients were classified into a couple of groups: those intervented -less than 21 years old -and fue Test of fuero. Squared -was selected for statistics. Results: significance was not observed in the statistics -concerning to the initially symptoms of neoplasia -between both groups of patients, and during the waiting time for surgery and tumour stage too. Significative differences were observed into the groups in the tumour histology of fue testicular neoplasia. Patients belonging to the replacement contingent presented a higher frequence of non seminomatous germinal neoplasia. Conclusions: The unique significative difference in the patients of replacement with testicular neoplasia respect the other patients was the type of neoplasia. Such difference is related to the younger age of them


Subject(s)
Male , Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Testicular Neoplasms/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Retrospective Studies , Age Factors , Seminoma/epidemiology , Germinoma/epidemiology , Military Personnel/statistics & numerical data
7.
Actas Urol Esp ; 29(5): 457-64, 2005 May.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16013790

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The testicular tumors are frequent in the young adult, coinciding with the incorporation to the Military Service. The objective of our work is to evaluate the tumoral characteristic, its evolution with the time and the result of the treatments used in our center for this type of tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We carried out a retrospective longitudinal study in a cohort of 98 patients with an average age of 28.6 years, subjected to orchiectomy for testicular tumor in our center between 1979 to 2004. In the study, we collected data referred to the age of the patients, the tumoral characteristic, the outcome of the treatment and the evolution of the tumor. RESULTS: In 61% of the cases, the affected testicle was the right (significant differences). The most common histologyc type was the non seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) (65.3%). Followed by the pure seminomas (27.6%), and non germinal cell tumors (NGC) (7.1%). The NSGCT was diagnosed to a average age (23.2 years) significantly smaller that the other two types. The stage I was the most frequent (58%). The seminomas presented a stage I in a significantly bigger frequency (80%) that the others tumors. The data picked up during the 25 years didn't show a significant variation regarding the tumoral characteristic. The survival análisis indicated that the tumoral characteristic with better pronostic regarding the probability of tumoral recurrences were the seminomas and the tumoral stages I and II. CONCLUSIONS: The non seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) are the most frequent testicular tumors in young adults. Most of the tumors are diagnosed in initial stages, and their pronostic is better in the case of the seminomas and in the stages I and II.


Subject(s)
Testicular Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Hospitals, Military/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Retrospective Studies , Survival Analysis , Testicular Neoplasms/mortality , Testicular Neoplasms/surgery
8.
Actas Urol Esp ; 29(4): 373-7, 2005 Apr.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15981425

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: The Extracorporeal shock waves lithotripsy (ESWL) is fundamental in the treatment of lithiasis. However, there are evidences that it can produce renal damage. The objective of our study is to determine the degree of affectation of the glomerular and tubular function after ESWL, and the influence of the lithiasis location on the type of renal damage. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective longitudinal study was carried out in 14 patients with normal renal function subjected to ESWL. We determined the basal level, and the levels at the 24 hours, at the 4th and the 10th day post ESWL of: microalbuminuria (MA) (that values the glomerular function), and N-acetyl glucosamide (NAG) and alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), (that value the tubular function). RESULTS: The basal levels of of MA, NAG and AAP didn't show significant differences in connection with the localization of the stones. A significant increase was observed of the three parameters only 24 hours post ESWL. No significant differences were observed between the variation of the microalbuminuria levels, AAP and NAG and the treatment in relation to the localization of the stones. CONCLUSIONS: It exists a glomerular and tubular damage after ESWL. This damage is not related with the pelvic or calicial location of the stones. In patient with previous normal renal function, the renal damage recovers at the 4th day post ESWL.


Subject(s)
Albuminuria/etiology , Lithotripsy/adverse effects , Urinary Calculi/therapy , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Kidney/pathology , Kidney Function Tests , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies
9.
Actas urol. esp ; 29(5): 457-464, mayo 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-039277

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Las neoplasias testiculares son frecuentes en el adulto joven, coincidiendo con la incorporación al Servicio Militar. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo es evaluar las características tumores, su evolución con el tiempo y el resultado de los tratamientos empleados en nuestro centro para este tipo de tumores. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio longitudinal retrospectivo en una cohorte de 98 pacientes de edad media 28,6 años, sometidos a orquiectomía por neoplasia testicular en nuestro centro entre los años 1979 a 2004. En el estudio se recogieron los datos referentes a la edad de los pacientes, las características tumorales, el tratamiento realizado y la evolución de la neoplasia. Resultados: En un 61% de los casos, el testículo afectado fue el derecho (diferencias significativas). El tipo histológico más común fueron los tumores germinales no seminomatosos (TGNS) (65,3%) de los casos seguidos de los seminomas puros (27,6%), y de tumores no germinales (TNG) (7,1%). Los TGNS se diagnosticaron a una edad media (23,2 años) significativamente menor que los otros dos tipos. El estadio I fue el más frecuente (58%). Los seminomas presentaron un estadio I con una mayor frecuencia significativamente mayor (80%) que el resto de los tumores. Los datos recogidos durante los 25 años no mostraron una variación significativa respecto a las características tumorales. El análisis de supervivencia indicó que las características tumorales con mejor pronóstico respecto a la probabilidad de recurrencias tumorales fueron los seminomas y los estadios tumorales I y II. Conclusiones: Los tumores germinales no seminomatosos (TGNS) son los más frecuentes en adultos jóvenes. La mayoría de los tumores se diagnostican en estadios iniciales, y su pronóstico es más favorable en el caso de los seminomas y los estadios I y II (AU)


Objetives: The testicular tumors are frequent in the young adult, coinciding with the incorporation to the Military Service. The objective of our work is to evaluate the tumoral characteristic, its evolution with the time and the result of the treatments used in our center for this type of tumors. Material and methods: We carried out a retrospective longitudinal study in a cohort of 98 patients with an average age of 28,6 years, subjected to orchiectomy for testicular tumor in our center between 1979 to 2004. In the study, we collected data referred to the age of the patients, the tumoral characteristic, the outcome of the treatment and the evolution of the tumor. Results: In 61% of the cases, the affected testicle was the right (significant differences). The most common histologyc type was the non seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) (65,3%). Followed by the pure seminomas (27,6%), and non germinal cell tumors (NGC) (7,1%). The NSGCT was diagnosed to a average age (23,2 years) significantly smaller that the other two types. The stage I was the most frequent (58%). The seminomas presented a stage I in a significantly bigger frequency (80%) that the others tumors. The data picked up during the 25 years didn’t show a significant variation regarding the tumoral characteristic. The survival análisis indicated that the tumoral characteristic with better pronostic regarding the probability of tumoral recurrences were the seminomas and the tumoral stages I and II. Conclusions: The non seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT) are the most frequent testicular tumors in young adults. Most of the tumors are diagnosed in initial stages, and their pronostic is better in the case of the seminomas and in the stages I and II (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Adult , Humans , Orchiectomy/statistics & numerical data , Testicular Neoplasms/epidemiology , Retrospective Studies , Military Personnel , Seminoma/epidemiology , Germinoma/epidemiology , Prognosis , Survivorship , Neoplasm Staging
10.
Actas urol. esp ; 29(4): 373-377, abr. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-039262

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La litroticia por ondas de choque (LEOC) es fundamental en el tratamiento de las litiasis. Sin embargo, existen evidencias de que puede producir daño renal. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es determinar el grado de afectación de la función glomerular y tubular tras LEOC, y si influye la localización litiásica en el tipo de daño renal. Material y métodos. Se realizó un estudio longitudinal prospectivo en 14 pacientes con función renal normal sometidos a LEOC. Se determinó el nivel basal, y a las 24 horas, al 4º y al 10º día post LEOC, de microalbuminuria (MA) (que valora la función glomerular), y de N-acetil glucosamida (NAG) y la alanina aminopeptidasa (AAP) (que valoran la función tubular).Resultados: Los niveles de basales de MA, NAG y AAP no mostraron diferencias significativas en relación con la localización de los cálculos. Se observó un aumento significativo de los tres parámetros sólo a las 24 horas post LEOC. No se observaron diferencias significativas en la variación de los niveles de microalbuminuria, AAP y NAG con el tratamiento en relación a la localización de los cálculos. Conclusiones: Existe un daño glomerular y tubular tras LEO. Este daño es independiente de la localización pélvica ocalicial del cálculo. En pacientes con función renal normal previa, el daño renal se recupera al 4º día post LEOC (AU)


Introduction: The Extracorporeal shock waves lithotripsy (ESWL) is fundamental in the treatment of lithiasis. However, there are evidences that it can produce renal damage. The objective of our study is to determine the degree of affectation of the glomerular and tubular function after LEOC, and the influence of the lithiasis location on the type of renal damage. Material and methods: A prospective longitudinal study was carried out in 14 patients with normal renal function subjected to ESWL. We determined the basal level, and the levels at the 24 hours, at the 4th and the 10th day post ESWL of: microalbuminuria (MA) (that values the glomerular function), and N-acetil glucosamide (NAG) and alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), (that value the tubular function). Results: The basal levels of of MA, NAG and AAP didn’t show significant differences in connection with the localization of the stones. A significant increase was observed of the three parameters only 24 hours post ESWL No significant differences were observed between the variation of the microalbuminuria levels, AAP and NAG and the treatment in relation to the localization of the stones. Conclusions: It exists a glomerular and tubular damage after ESWL. This damage is not related with the pelvic or calicial location of the stones. In patient with previous normal renal function, the renal damage recovers at the 4º day post ESWL (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Middle Aged , Humans , Lithotripsy/adverse effects , Kidney Glomerulus/injuries , Kidney Tubules/injuries , Kidney Calculi/surgery , Longitudinal Studies , Prospective Studies , Kidney Calculi/complications , Kidney Function Tests
11.
Med. mil ; 59(4): 43-45, oct.-dic. 2003. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-37514

ABSTRACT

La fibrosis retroperitoneal idiopática (FRI), retroperitonitis esclerosante o enfermedad de Ormond constituye una rara entidad clínica, con una incidencia aproximada de 1/200.000 habitantes, caracterizada por la presencia de una placa fibrosa localizada sobre la columna lumbar baja, que puede llegar a englobar a uno o ambos uréteres y producir un fracaso renal progresivo por compresión externa sobre la vía urinaria. Presentamos un paciente que fue diagnosticado de una fibrosis retroperitoneal idiopática. El interés del caso clínico radica en el tratamiento quirúrgico que realizamos en este paciente, intraperitonización del uréter derecho así como la plicatura peritoneal anterior que aíslan al uréter del proceso fibrótico e impide que pueda ser nuevamente atrapado (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Retroperitoneal Fibrosis/surgery , Retroperitoneal Fibrosis/complications , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/prevention & control , Ureteral Obstruction/prevention & control
12.
Actas Urol Esp ; 26(3): 196-203, 2002 Mar.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12053520

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To determine what clinical, analytic and ultrasound parameters, are more effective to predict the result of a second biopsy in patient with high PSA and a first prostate biopsy negative. MATERIAL AND METHODS: It was carried out a longitudinal study in a series of 435 cases with negative prostate biopsy. In 59 of these cases it was practiced a second biopsy due to a permanent or sudden high PSA levels with or without a suspicious digital rectal examination. Of the 31 cases with a negative second biopsy, in 4 cases it was carried out a third biopsy. The biopsy was made in all the occasions by transrectal ultrasound guided sextant biopsy. It were also valued the ultrasound characteristic of the prostate, the prostate volume and the proportion of free PSA. RESULTS: It was demonstrated statistically significant differences among the patients with a second biopsy negative and positive regarding: the age, proportion of free PSA, abnormal digital rectal examination and presence of hipoechogenic areas in the prostate. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that the only significant parameters were the proportion of free PSA and the existence of an abnormal digital rectal examination. Based on the data of multivariate analysis, we settled down for the patients with normal digital rectal examination a cut-off point of 0.23 of proportion of free PSA as indication for the realization of a second biopsy, and of 0.59 for the patients with abnormal digital rectal examination. This protocol applied to our series would avoid the realization of a second biopsy in 8 patients, and a third biopsy in 1 patient, diagnosing all the cases of prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The digital rectal examination associated with the proportion of free PSA constitutes a reliable parameter to indicate the realization of a second prostate biopsy in patient with high PSA and previous negative biopsy.


Subject(s)
Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood , Prostatic Neoplasms/blood , Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology , Aged , Biopsy/statistics & numerical data , False Negative Reactions , Humans , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Reproducibility of Results
13.
Actas urol. esp ; 26(3): 196-203, mar. 2002.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-11595

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Determinar que parámetros clínicos, analíticos y ecográfícos resultan más eficaces para predecir el resultado de una segunda biopsia en pacientes con PSA elevado, y una primera biopsia prostática negativa.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio longitudinal en una serie de 435 casos con biopsia negativa. En 59 de estos casos se practicó una SEGUNDA biopsia por mantenerse o aparecer un PSA elevado con o sin tacto rectal sospechoso. De los 31 casos en que esta segunda biopsia fue negativa, en 4 casos se realizó una tercera biopsia. La biopsia se efectuó en todas las ocasiones mediante control ecográfico, se valoraron además las características ecográficas de la próstata, el volumen prostático y la proporción de PSA libre.RESULTADOS: Se demostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los pacientes con una segunda biopsia negativa y positiva respecto a: la edad, proporción de PSA libre, tacto rectal anormal y presencia de áreas hipoecogénicas en la próstata. El análisis multivariante demostró que los únicos parámetros significativos fueron la proporción de PSA libre y la existencia de un tacto rectal anormal. Basándose en los datos del análisis multivariante se estableció para los pacientes con tacto rectal normal un punto de corte de 0,23 de proporción de PSA libre como indicación para la realización de una segunda biopsia, y de 0,59 para los pacientes con tacto rectal anormal. Este protocolo aplicado a nuestra serie evitaría la realización de una segunda biopsia en 8 pacientes, y de la tercera biopsia en 1 paciente, diagnosticando todos los casos de cáncer prostático.CONCLUSIONES: El tacto rectal combinado con la proporción de PSA libre constituye un parámetro fiable para indicar la realización de una segunda biopsia prostática en pacientes con PSA elevado y biopsia previa negativa (AU)


Subject(s)
Aged , Male , Humans , Reproducibility of Results , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Biopsy , Longitudinal Studies , False Negative Reactions , Prostatic Neoplasms
14.
Actas Urol Esp ; 24(7): 549-59, 2000.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11011445

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To determine what tests have a better diagnosis utility in patient with suspected prostate cancer due to PSA equal or greater than 4 ng/ml or abnormal digital rectal examination in order to reduce the number of negative prostate biopsies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We carried out a ultrasound-guided sextant transrectal biopsy in a series of 400 patient with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels equal or greater than 4 ng/ml or abnormal digital rectal examination. All patients had also transrectal rectal ultrasonography to value the echographic prostatic characteristics and the prostatic volume, and a free PSA determination. RESULTS: The free/total PSA ratio (PSAl) and the PSA density (DPSA) were the most powerful predictors of prostate cancer, both with a 66% sensitivity and a 70% specificity (at a 0.15 cutoff), followed by the total PSA (PSAt), the digital rectal examination and the hypoechogenic prostatic nodules. We constructed a logistic multivariate model with these data. The outcome variable of logistic model was the probability of having prostate cancer. The significant predictive variables of the model were the PSAl, the DPSA, the digital rectal examination and the presence and extension of hypoechogenic prostatic. This model had a 81% sensitivity and 79% specificity at a 0.24 probability cutoff. We considered a 0.1 probability cutoff to reduce the number of false negative. With this strategy the sensitivity was 94% and the specificity 54%. If we had applied this model to the patient of our series then, we would be able to avoid prostate biopsy in 164 cases (the 41% of the patient), leaving only 7 cases without diagnosis of prostate cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The most effective combination parameters were the digital rectal examination, PSAl, presence and extension of prostatic hypoechogenic zones and DPSA. This combination allows us to diminish the percentage of negative prostate biopsy in patient with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels equal or greater than 4 ng/ml or abnormal digital rectal examination without significantly descending the number of detected prostate cancers.


Subject(s)
Algorithms , Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood , Prostatic Neoplasms/blood , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Aged , Biopsy/standards , Biopsy/statistics & numerical data , False Negative Reactions , Humans , Male , Multivariate Analysis , Palpation , Rectum , Regression Analysis
15.
Actas urol. esp ; 24(7): 549-559, jul. 2000.
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-5987

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Determinar que pruebas tienen un mejor rendimiento diagnóstico en pacientes con sospecha de cáncer de próstata por PSA superior o igual a 4 ng/ml, o tacto rectal anormal, con el fin de disminuir el número de biopsias prostáticas negativas. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó una biopsia transrectal ecodirigida en sextantes a una serie de 400 pacientes con PSA total superior o igual a 4 ng/ml, o tacto rectal sospechoso. En estos pacientes se valoró además las características ecográficas de la próstata, el volumen prostático y el PSA libre. RESULTADOS: Los parámetros de mayor rendimiento diagnóstico fueron la proporción de PSA libre (PSAl) y la densidad de PSA (DPSA), ambos con una sensibilidad del 66 por ciento y una especificidad del 70 por ciento (tomando como punto de corte óptimo un valor de 0,15), seguido del PSA total (PSAt), el tacto rectal y la presencia de zonas prostáticas hipoecoicas. Con estos datos se construyó un modelo logístico multivariante, siendo la variable resultado la probabilidad de presentar cáncer de próstata. Las variables predictivas significativas del modelo fueron el PSAl, la DPSA, el tacto rectal y la presencia y extensión de las zonas prostáticas hipoecoicas. Este modelo presentó una sensibilidad del 81 por ciento y una especificidad del 79 por ciento, tomando como punto de corte óptimo una probabilidad de padecer cáncer de próstata de 0,24. Con el fin de reducir el número de falsos negativos, se consideró como punto de corte del modelo una probabilidad del 0,1. Con este valor la sensibilidad fue del 94 por ciento y la especificidad del 54 por ciento. Si se hubiera aplicado este modelo al grupo de pacientes de nuestra serie se hubiera evitado la biop-sia en 164 casos (el 41 por ciento de los pacientes), dejándose sin diagnosticar únicamente 7 casos. CONCLUSIONES: La combinación de tacto rectal, PSAl, presencia y extensión de zonas hipoecoicas prostáticas y DPSA, permiten disminuir el porcentaje de biopsias en pacientes con PSAt superior o igual a 4 ng/ml, tacto rectal anormal, sin descender apreciablemente el número de cánceres de próstata detectados (AU)


Subject(s)
Aged , Male , Humans , Algorithms , Multivariate Analysis , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Palpation , Regression Analysis , Rectum , Biopsy , False Negative Reactions , Prostatic Neoplasms
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