Advances in Nanoparticle-Enhanced Thermoelectric Materials from Synthesis to Energy Harvesting: A Review.

This comprehensive review analysis examines the domain of composite thermoelectric materials that integrate nanoparticles, providing a critical assessment of their methods for improving thermoelectric properties and the procedures used for their fabrication. This study examines several approaches to enhance power factor and lattice thermal conductivity, emphasizing the influence of secondary phases and structural alterations. This study investigates the impact of synthesis methods on the electrical characteristics of materials, with a particular focus on novel techniques such as electrodeposition onto carbon nanotubes. The acquired insights provide useful guidance for the creation of new thermoelectric materials. The review also compares and contrasts organic and inorganic thermoelectric materials, with a particular focus on the potential of inorganic materials in the context of waste heat recovery and power production within industries. This analysis highlights the role of inorganic materials in improving energy efficiency and promoting environmental sustainability.

Innovation modeling and simulation of thermal convective on cross nanofluid flow over exponentially stretchable surface.

This work reported to investigate convective flow of non-Newtonian fluid effect on an exponentially stretchable surface. Effect of nanoparticle is considered in heat and mass equation. The transformation technique utilized on dimensionless equations is converted to non-dimensionless equations are solved thought numerical approach Bvp4c. Influence of approatiate analysis of velocities, heat and mass transport are scrutinized through figures. Furthermore, the comparative analysis of drag forces, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are evaluated over and done with tabulated values. It is give details that the temperature field strengthens with intensification in thermophoresis and random diffusions. Similarly, rises in thermophoresis effect parameter both temperature and concentration profile increasing.

Parametric Optimization of a Truncated Conical Metal Hydride Bed Surrounded by a Ring of PCM for Heat Recovery.

Metal hydride (MH) hydrogen storage needs an external heat source to release the stored hydrogen. To enhance the thermal performance of MHs, the incorporation of phase change materials (PCM) is a way to preserve reaction heat. This work proposes a new MH-PCM compact disk configuration (i.e., a truncated conical MH bed surrounded by a PCM ring). An optimization method is developed to find the optimal geometrical parameters of the MH truncated cone, which is then compared to a basic configuration (i.e., a cylindrical MH surrounded by a PCM ring). Moreover, a mathematical model is developed and used to optimize the heat transfer in a stack of MH-PCM disks. The optimum geometric parameters found (bottom radius of 0.2, top radius of 0.75 and tilt angle of 58.24) allow the truncated conical MH bed to reach a faster heat transfer rate and a large surface area of higher heat exchange. Compared to a cylindrical configuration, the optimized truncated cone shape enhances the heat transfer rate and the reaction rate in the MH bed by 37.68%.

An Initial Survey on the Prevalence of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) among Yemeni Pregnant Women in Sana'a City.

Background: Infection with group B Streptococcus (GBS) is still a neonatal life-threatening illness, especially in developing countries such as Yemen. Objective: This study was aimed at determining the vaginal colonization rate and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of GBS among Yemeni pregnant women. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study over a four-month period involving 210 pregnant women at the 35th to 39th gestational weeks who visited Gaza medical center in Sana'a city, Yemen. The collected vaginal swab specimen was inoculated in the Todd-Hewitt enrichment broth and incubated for 24 h and then subcultured on a 5% human blood agar plate. All positive cultures identified as GBS were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility tests using the disk diffusion method. Results: Out of 210 recruited pregnant women, 23 (10.95%) were GBS vaginal carriers. All GBS isolates were sensitive to penicillin, ampicillin, levofloxacin, cefotaxime, and vancomycin. Conclusion: Based on the study's results, approximately eleven out of every 100 pregnant women in Sana'a city are vaginally colonized by GBS. Beta-lactam antibiotics remain the drug of choice to treat and prevent GBS infections. A prenatal screening policy is urgently needed for Yemeni pregnant women.

Thermo-Optical Characterization of Therminol55 Based MXene-Al2O3 Hybridized Nanofluid and New Correlations for Thermal Properties.

The current research focuses on formulating a new class of Therminol55-based nanofluids that incorporates an MXene/Al2O3 nanocomposite as the new class of dispersant at three different concentrations of 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20 wt%. The optical and thermophysical properties of the formulated nanofluid are assessed experimentally. Zeta potential and FTIR analyses are employed to evaluate the composite particles' surface charge and chemical stability, respectively. Thermal conductivity is observed to increase with nanoparticle loading and maximally augmented by 61.8% for 0.20 wt%, whereas dynamic viscosity increased with adding nanoparticles but remarkably dropped with increasing temperature. In addition, the prepared TH55/MXene + Al2O3 samples are thermally stable up to 200 °C according to TGA analyses. Moreover, the proposed correlations for the thermal conductivity and viscosity showed good agreement with the experimental data. The study's findings suggest that the formulated nanofluid could be a viable contender to be used as a heat transfer fluid in the thermal sector.