ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Calpain 10 (CAPN10) gene may contribute to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). AIM: To examine the contribution of four CAPN10 gene variants to T2DM risk in an Irish sample. METHODS: Genotyping of marker 19 insertion-deletion (ins/del) and three CAPN10 variants, rs3792267, rs3749166 and rs5030952 at the CAPN10 gene was performed in 236 T2DM subjects and 120 controls. Allelic, genotypic and haplotype comparisons were conducted between the groups. RESULTS: In the examined markers, no significant differences were observed although the deletion/deletion allele tended to be more common in T2DM subjects (chi(2) = 3.2, P = 0.07). A significant overrepresentation of a haplotype comprising (rs3792267), (19) and rs3749166 (chi(2) = 5.3, P = 0.021) was seen in T2DM subjects. Two protective haplotypes were detected: (G-ins-G) of (rs3792267), (19) and rs3749166 (chi(2) = 6.7, P = 0.009) and (ins-G-C) of (19), (rs3749166) and rs5030952 (chi(2) = 8.5, P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: CAPN10 gene variants may affect T2DM susceptibility in the Irish population.
Subject(s)
Calpain/genetics , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics , Haplotypes/genetics , Alleles , Case-Control Studies , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology , Female , Gene Deletion , Gene Frequency , Genetic Markers , Genetic Variation , Genotype , Humans , Ireland/epidemiology , Linkage Disequilibrium , Male , Middle Aged , Odds Ratio , Polymorphism, GeneticABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a vascular risk factor with prevalence in the general population of 17-25%. AIM: To determine the prevalence of MetS in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). METHODS: A total of 200 patients [18% type 1 (T1DM), 82% type 2 (T2DM)] attending for annual review were studied. Standard blood tests were requested. Blood pressure and waist circumference were measured. Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria for diagnosis of MetS were applied. RESULTS: A total of 122 (61%) patients had MetS. More patients with T2DM (69.5%) than TIDM (22.2%) had MetS. Despite treatment of DM (100%), hypertension (69.5%) and dyslipidaemia (48.3%), 114 patients (57%) still met the criteria for MetS at time of study. CONCLUSIONS: Most T2DM patients have MetS but it is uncommon in T1DM. Despite treatment, almost half of patients still met the criteria for MetS. Aggressive treatment of MetS components is required to reduce cardiovascular risk in DM.
