Ectodermal Dysplasia: A Case Report.

Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) is a hereditary genetic disorder that manifests a variety of deformities in one or more of the ectodermal derivatives. Ectodermal derivatives originate from ectodermal layers during embryonic development, such as skin, nails, hair, teeth, and exocrine glands. Over 150 variants of ED are reported in the literature. It has an incidence of seven in every 100,000 live births. There are two types of ED, which are hypohidrotic (anhidrotic) and hydrotic. The types are classified according to the degree of function of the sweat glands. This report discusses the case of a 13-month-old Saudi girl with typical features of ectodermal dysplasia who presented to a dermatology clinic.

The Incidence and Risk Factors of Cisplatin and Carboplatin Ototoxicity in Pediatric Oncology Patients at Tertiary Oncology Center.

Pediatric cancers are relatively rare diseases when considering all types of cancer. Platinum-based chemotherapeutic agents are potent agents against a variety of pediatric malignancies. An important adverse effect of platinum-based agents is the occurrence of hearing loss. This hearing loss can pose a challenge to detect especially if the child is in his early of life. It will also significantly affect the child development of social, pedagogical, and personal dimensions. It is integral to identify incidence of platinum-based ototoxicity and risk factors that increase the likelihood of developing hearing loss in cancer children. We performed a retrospective chart review of 123 pediatric patients who had completed cisplatin and carboplatin therapy for a variety of malignancies. Patients were diagnosed at Princess Nourah Oncology Centre between January 2011 and December 2016, were less than 14 years old at diagnosis. Audiograms were scored using the International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) Boston Scale (0-4), a validated grading system for cisplatin-related hearing loss. Ototoxicity was reported in 16 patients out of 123 with a rate of 13%. The incidence of ototoxicity was highest in CNS tumors such as medulloblastoma (37.5%) and optic glioma (25%). Males were at greater risk for developing hearing loss than females. Cumulative cisplatin dose and addition radiation therapy were also identified as risk factors for development of ototoxicity (P = 0.008). Nature and location of cancer, gender, cumulative dose, and addition of radiation therapy are important clinical biomarkers of cisplatin ototoxicity.