Trend and Joinpoint Analysis of Cancer Incidence and 1-Year Mortality in North-East Spain 2005-2020.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death. It is thus essential to examine cancer trends in all regions. In addition, trend data after 2019 and on cancer 1-year mortality are scarce. Our aim was to analyze incidence and 1-year mortality cancer trends in northeastern Spain during 2005-2020. We used the Osona Tumor Registry, which registers cancer incidence and mortality in Osona. The mortality information came from the Spanish Death Index. We analyzed age-standardized incidence rates and 1-year mortality by sex in the population aged > 17 years during 2005-2020. Trends were examined with negative binomial and joinpoint regression. Incidence rates of colorectal, lung and bronchus, and urinary bladder cancer increased annually in females by 2.86%, 4.20%, and 4.56%, respectively. In males, the incidence of stomach and prostate cancer decreased annually by 3.66% and 2.05%, respectively. One-year mortality trends decreased annually for endometrium cancer (-9.0%) and for colorectal cancer in males (-3.1%). From 2019 to 2020, the incidence of cancer decreased, while 1-year mortality increased in both sexes. In a North-Eastern Spanish county, 1-year mortality decreased for endometrium cancer in females and for colorectal cancer in males. Our results suggest a trend of decreasing cancer incidence and increasing cancer mortality as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Streptococcus suis Infections in Catalonia, Spain.

Introduction: Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a human zoonotic pathogen of occupational origin, with infection acquired through contact with live pigs or pig meat. Pig farming is one of Catalonia's biggest industries and as a result this region of Spain has one of the highest density pig populations per km2. The aim of our study was to describe the infections caused by S. suis occurring in that area over a 9-year period. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, multi-center study was carried out by searching records from 15 hospitals in Catalonia for the period between 2010 and 2019. Results: Over the study period altogether nine cases of S. suis infection were identified in five hospitals, with five of these cases occurring in the 2018-2019 period. The mean age of patients was 48 ± 8.9 years and all of them were males. Five patients (55.6%) worked in pig farms. The most frequent manifestation of infection was meningitis (5 cases; 55.6%) followed by septic arthritis (3 cases; 33.3%). None of the patients died at 30 days; nonetheless, 4 developed hearing loss as a long-term complication. Conclusion: The most commonly identified S. suis infection was meningitis. Over 50% of the episodes occurred in the last 2 years and have affected pig farm workers. Further surveillance is needed in order to know its prevalence.

Infradiagnóstico de enfermedades neuromusculares en ancianos de 80 y más años / Under-diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases in patients of 80 years and older

La miastenia gravis (MG), la esclerosis lateral amiotrófica y el síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) han sido clásicamente considerados como enfermedades excepcionales o inhabituales en las personas de perfil geriátrico. A lo largo de los últimos 25 años se realizaron diversos estudios de base poblacional en la comarca de Osona (Barcelona), que permitieron describir por primera vez en la literatura incidencias globales altas a expensas de los ancianos, especialmente en aquellos de más de 80 años. Los resultados encontrados indican la posibilidad de infradiagnóstico de estas enfermedades neuromusculares en el anciano, hecho que podría resultar especialmente relevante en el caso de la MG y el SGB, dado que son 2entidades potencialmente reversibles y con alta mortalidad en caso de infradiagnóstico y ausencia de tratamiento

Myasthenia gravis (MG), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) have been classically considered as exceptional or unusual diseases in people with a geriatric profile. Over the past 25 years, several population-based studies have been conducted in the Osona area (Barcelona), which, for the first time, has led to describing the high global incidences in the elderly, especially those over 80 years-old. The results suggest the possibility of underdiagnosis of these neuromuscular diseases in the elderly, a fact that could be especially relevant in the case of MG and GBS, since they are 2potentially reversible entities with high mortality in the event of underdiagnosis and absence of treatment

[Under-diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases in patients of 80 years and older]. / Infradiagnóstico de enfermedades neuromusculares en ancianos de 80 y más años.

Myasthenia gravis (MG), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) have been classically considered as exceptional or unusual diseases in people with a geriatric profile. Over the past 25 years, several population-based studies have been conducted in the Osona area (Barcelona), which, for the first time, has led to describing the high global incidences in the elderly, especially those over 80 years-old. The results suggest the possibility of underdiagnosis of these neuromuscular diseases in the elderly, a fact that could be especially relevant in the case of MG and GBS, since they are 2potentially reversible entities with high mortality in the event of underdiagnosis and absence of treatment.

Hidrocefalia normotensiva idiopática: alta incidencia en mayores de 80 años / Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: high incidence in people over 80 years of age

Introducción. La hidrocefalia normotensiva idiopática se da habitualmente en adultos por encima de 60 años. El mayor número de casos se describen entre los 70 y 80 años, aunque pudiera haber un infradiagnóstico por encima de los 80 años. Objetivos. Se describen la incidencia global y por grupos de edad, la demora diagnóstica y el resultado de la cirugía derivativa. Pacientes y método. Se realiza estudio descriptivo de la población censada en la comarca de Osona en el periodo 2010-2015. Resultados. La incidencia global ha sido de 4,43×100.000. La incidencia aumenta con la edad: de 8,09×105 entre 60-69 años pasa a 23,61×105 entre 70-79 años y alcanza 37,02×105 entre 80-89 años. El tiempo transcurrido desde el inicio de los síntomas hasta el diagnóstico de sospecha fue de 15,01±10,35 meses. El pronóstico poscirugía fue favorable en todos los casos a los 3meses y se reducía al 73,3% al año. Conclusiones. La hidrocefalia normotensiva idiopática es una enfermedad relacionada con la edad y está probablemente infradiagnosticada en los más ancianos. Los pacientes más ancianos también se benefician de la cirugía derivativa. Se resalta la necesidad del diagnóstico precoz y de una mayor sospecha en los más ancianos (AU)

Introduction. Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus is usually observed in adults over 60 years of age. The highest incidence of cases is between 70 and 80 years-old, and it could be under-diagnosed in over 80 year-olds. Objective. A description is presented on the overall incidence and age group incidence, the delay in the diagnosis, and main outcomes. Patients and methods. A descriptive study was performed on patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, in the population of Osona County during the years 2010-2015. Results. The annual incidence rate was 4.43 per 100,000 inhabitants. The incidence increased with age; from 8.09 per 100,000 in the 60 to 69 years age group, to 23.61 per 100,000 in the 70-79 years age group of, and to 37.02 per 100,000 in the 80-89 years age. The delay in the diagnosis was 15.01 ± 10.35 months. All the patients improved after surgery, but only 73.3% of the patients maintained the improvement after one year. Conclusions. Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus is an age related disease and probably underdiagnosed in the elderly. An early diagnosis and a clinical suspicion are essential in patients over 80 years old (AU)

[Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: High incidence in people over 80 years of age]. / Hidrocefalia normotensiva idiopática: alta incidencia en mayores de 80 años.

INTRODUCTION: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus is usually observed in adults over 60 years of age. The highest incidence of cases is between 70 and 80 years-old, and it could be under-diagnosed in over 80 year-olds. OBJECTIVE: A description is presented on the overall incidence and age group incidence, the delay in the diagnosis, and main outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A descriptive study was performed on patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, in the population of Osona County during the years 2010-2015. RESULTS: The annual incidence rate was 4.43 per 100,000 inhabitants. The incidence increased with age; from 8.09 per 100,000 in the 60 to 69 years age group, to 23.61 per 100,000 in the 70-79 years age group of, and to 37.02 per 100,000 in the 80-89 years age. The delay in the diagnosis was 15.01 ± 10.35 months. All the patients improved after surgery, but only 73.3% of the patients maintained the improvement after one year. CONCLUSIONS: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus is an age related disease and probably underdiagnosed in the elderly. An early diagnosis and a clinical suspicion are essential in patients over 80 years old.

Miositis por cuerpos de inclusión: a propósito de un caso / Inclusion-body myositis: presentation of a case

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Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A higher than expected incidence in people over 80 years of age.

Our objective was to determine the age-specific incidence and clinical-epidemiological characteristics of an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cohort of patients in Catalonia (Spain). New cases diagnosed between 1 January 2004 and 31 December 2013 were 41 (20 males and 21 females), with an annual crude incidence rate of 2.7 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI 1.90-3.59). The incidence rate increased with age reaching a peak in the age group of 70-79 years. There was a non-significant decrease in the incidence rate in the group of patients over 80 years (p-value = 0.75) at 17.99 per 100,000 person years (95% CI 7.81-28.17). The percentage of patients over 80 years of age was 29.3% and over age 85 years was 9.8%. The prevalence rate at the end of the study period was 8.38/100,000 of the total population. Mean age at symptom onset was 76.0 years. Onset of symptoms was bulbar or generalized in 36.6% of cases. In conclusion, ALS incidence in Osona is within the range of other countries across Europe. Our results suggest that the age-specific incidence rate of ALS increases with age through the oldest age groups suggesting an age-risk effect to develop the disease.