[Pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in neonates of postconceptional age less than or equal to 32 weeks]. / Comportamiento farmacocinético de la vancomicina en neonatos de edad postconcepcional < or = 32 semanas. Propuesta de una pauta de dosificación.

The objective of the present study was to analyze the pharmacokinetic behavior of vancomycin in neonates of postconceptional age < or = 32 weeks (n = 44). The elimination of the antibiotic was influenced by the concomitant treatment with indomethacin and mechanical ventilation. Close monitoring of renal function of the neonate and vancomycin dosage individualization are mandatory when the above factors are present. Vancomycin dosage guidelines have been determined according to serum creatinine of these premature patients.

[Sepsis caused by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus in the newborn infant. Clinical and therapeutic aspects]. / Sepsis por estafilococo coagulasa negativo en el recién nacido. Aspectos clínicos y terapéuticos.

This study deals with sepsis caused by coagulase-negative stapylococci in a neonatal intensive care unit over a period of four years and eleven months. The global incidence was 20.7/1000 (50 cases out of a total of 2,416 admissions) and was higher in newborns with lower weight and with a shorter gestational age. The most significant clinical manifestations were fever, paleness, and apnea/bradycardia. In all cases the germ was sensitive to vancomycin. Evolution was favourable in all patients, in spite of the initial gravity of some cases. Sepsis due to coagulase-negative staphylococci is the most frequent cause of nosocomial infection in our environment.

[Leukemoid reactions in premature neonates with a very low birth weight]. / Reacciones leucemoides en recién nacidos prematuros con muy bajo peso al nacer.

Authors present three cases of leukemoid reaction in very low birth weight preterm infants. Hematologic evolution is detailed and was characterized by the presence of intense leukocytosis with marked shift to the left abundant immature forms. Leukocyte counts reached values of 70,000 and 106,000/mm3 between the second and third day of life, becoming normal around the eight day. No pathology known to cause such intense leukocytosis was observed in any case. Bibliography is reviewed and possible etiology is discussed, as until now this entity has been attributed to prenatal administration of glucocorticoids.

[Pseudoporoencephaly and congenital hydrocephaly as sequelae of a prenatal intracranial hemorrhage]. / Pseudoporencefalia e hidrocefalia congénitas como secuelas de una hemorragia intracraneal prenatal.

A term newborn with megacephaly and coagulation disease after a difficult delivery is reported. Images of pseudoporencephaly and hydrocephaly were seen in the scan as well as recent hemorrhages due to obstetric injury. Possibility of a prenatal intracranial hemorrhage being first cause is discussed.