ABSTRACT
Tuberous sclerosis complex is an autosomal dominant disorder with variable affection of the central nervous system (CNS) and many other organ systems. Radiological features include various lesions of the brain as well as lesions of the lungs, kidneys and the heart. Imaging is important for the early detection of complications. This article provides an overview of the clinical features and therapy as well as the specific imaging of tuberous sclerosis complex.
Subject(s)
Tuberous Sclerosis/diagnosis , Tuberous Sclerosis/therapy , Echocardiography/methods , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methodsABSTRACT
When a diseased aorta is to be imaged, the clinical picture and the urgency determine which of the various procedures available is or are used. One of the more recent techniques applied is conventional MR -imaging, and especially contrast-enhanced MR angiography (CE-MRA), which is a noninvasive technique and allows for the combination of conventional imaging, acquisition of physiological parameters and 3D-angiography. In this article technical and clinical aspects of the use of CE-MRA in different diseases affecting the aorta are discussed. Topics covered include congenital malformations of the aorta, acquired disease, and inflammatory conditions.
Subject(s)
Aortic Diseases/diagnosis , Heart Defects, Congenital/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Angiography/methods , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Adolescent , Aged , Aortic Dissection/diagnosis , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/diagnosis , Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/diagnosis , Aortitis/diagnosis , Clinical Protocols , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Hematoma/diagnosis , Humans , Leriche Syndrome/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine/methods , Male , Retroperitoneal Fibrosis/diagnosis , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Pancreatic lymphangiomas are rare benign tumours with a histogenesis not yet completely understood. Predominantly the cystic aspect of this lesion can complicate the differentiation from other neoplastic and non-neoplastic cystic tumours of the pancreas. We present a case of a middle-aged woman with a lymphangioma involving the duodenal wall and the pancreatic head. With special regard to MR imaging findings differential diagnosis is discussed.
Subject(s)
Duodenal Neoplasms/pathology , Lymphangioma/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/pathology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Humans , Pancreatic Cyst/pathologyABSTRACT
A large range of new techniques and applications in magnetic resonance imaging has been introduced in the last decade. Correspondingly, a wide variety of contrast media has become available for different imaging strategies. This article reviews the main indications and techniques in magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography of the body with special regard to contrast media applications and its impact on improved detection and characterization of pathologies in thoracic and abdominal MRI.
Subject(s)
Contrast Media , Digestive System Diseases/diagnosis , Image Enhancement/methods , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Thoracic Diseases/diagnosis , Humans , Magnetic Resonance AngiographyABSTRACT
We report the case of a 15-year-old boy suffering from progressive dyspnea on exertion and painful abdominal protrusion. Final diagnosis of intra-abdominal tuberculosis (TB), including lymphadenopathy and abdominal abscess formation, was made following elective laparotomy. This type of disease is a rare manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. The imaging findings in unenhanced and contrast-enhanced MRI and laparoscopic images are presented. Differential diagnosis of abdominal abscess formation and other fungal or bacteriological infections, as well as the imaging findings of this type of lesion, are discussed. This case demonstrates that atypical manifestation of TB may remain unrecognized; thus, awareness of this kind of manifestation of tuberculosis may prevent patients from being subjected to inappropriate therapies.
Subject(s)
Abdominal Abscess/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Peritonitis, Tuberculous/diagnosis , Adolescent , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
We report two cases of inflammatory pseudotumors of the urinary bladder, one case of a chronic granulomatous pseudotumor (CGT) and one case of a pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic (fibromyxoid) tumor (PMT). Both tumors resembled malignancies such as rhabdomyosarcomas regarding clinical appearance and imaging findings and represent rare urinary bladder tumors. The imaging findings on unenhanced and contrast-enhanced MRI as well as histological specimen are presented. Final diagnosis was made following elective surgery. Differential diagnosis of urinary bladder tumors as well as the imaging findings of these clinically comparable cases are discussed. Awareness of these benign lesions may prevent patients from inappropriate therapies such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
Subject(s)
Granuloma, Plasma Cell/diagnosis , Image Enhancement , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Urinary Bladder Diseases/diagnosis , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adolescent , Cell Division/physiology , Child, Preschool , Diagnosis, Differential , Granuloma, Plasma Cell/pathology , Granuloma, Plasma Cell/surgery , Humans , Male , Necrosis , Urinary Bladder/pathology , Urinary Bladder/surgery , Urinary Bladder Diseases/pathology , Urinary Bladder Diseases/surgery , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/surgeryABSTRACT
We report a case of littoral cell angioma (LCA) of the spleen, a recently described splenic pathology, which imaging characteristics and pathologic morphology have been discussed only by a few authors. The imaging findings in unenhanced and contrast-enhanced MRI and CT as well as histologic specimen are presented. Diagnosis was made after elective splenectomy. Differential diagnosis of splenic tumors as well as the imaging findings in this particular case are discussed.
