ABSTRACT
For the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases (NCD), an action plan on NCDs is intended to support coordinated, comprehensive and integrated implementation of strategies and evidence-based interventions across individual diseases and risk factors, especially at the national and regional levels by World Health Organization (WHO). The Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD) is making every attempt to align with WHO's non-communicable diseases action plan. GARD activities have been commenced in over 40 countries and in 11 countries an integrated NCD action plan is being prepared or has already been initiated. This integrated approach of GARD has also targeted to GARD Turkey project. The Turkish Ministry of Health has decided to apply this national control program in conformity with other NCD action plans. This article is intended to summarize these integration efforts of GARD Turkey (the National Control Program on Chronic Airway Diseases) with other NCD national programs.
Subject(s)
National Health Programs , Respiratory Tract Diseases/prevention & control , World Health Organization , Chronic Disease , Health Policy , Humans , Respiratory Tract Diseases/pathology , TurkeyABSTRACT
In order to prevent and control non-communicable diseases (NCDs), the 61st World Health Assembly has endorsed an NCD action plan (WHA resolution 61.14). A package for essential NCDs including chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) has also been developed. The Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD) is a new but rapidly developing voluntary alliance that is assisting World Health Organization (WHO) in the task of addressing NCDs at country level. The GARD approach was initiated in 2006. GARD Turkey is the first comprehensive programme developed by a government with all stakeholders of the country. This paper provides a summary of indicators of the prevalence and severity of chronic respiratory diseases in Turkey and the formation of GARD Turkey.
Subject(s)
Health Policy , Respiratory Tract Diseases/epidemiology , Respiratory Tract Diseases/prevention & control , World Health Organization , Chronic Disease , Humans , Prevalence , Respiratory Tract Diseases/pathology , Severity of Illness Index , Turkey/epidemiologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the current nationwide iodine status in Turkey by determining urinary iodine concentrations (UIC) and household salt iodine content. A follow- up monitoring study was also conducted in 30 urban areas. METHODS: A school-based survey was conducted in 2007 by using multistage 'proportionate to population size' (PPS) cluster sampling method. The study population was composed of 900 school-age children (SAC) from different urban, suburban, and rural areas. UIC and iodine content of the table salt used at home were analyzed. RESULTS: Median UIC was 107 microg/l (147 in urban, 42 in suburban and rural areas, p<0.001). There were severe iodine deficiency (ID) in 7.2%, moderate and mild ID in 20.6% and 19.3%, of the SAC, respectively. UIC was sufficient (>100 microg/l) in 50% of the study population, whereas it was excessive (>300 microg/l) in 10.5% of them. Of the 900 salt samples, 662 (73.5%) were iodized and 508 samples (56.5%) contained adequately iodized salt (iodine content >15 ppm). UIC of the study population and salt iodine levels correlated well (r=0.42, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Moderate to severe ID still exists in 27.8% of the Turkish population, which is much better compared to 1997 and 2002 surveys (i.e. 58%, 38.9%, respectively). The follow-up monitoring study (in 2007) demonstrated that ID has been eliminated in 20 of 30 cities surveyed, and median UIC was 130 microg/l. ID has been eliminated in most of the urban population, however, it is still an important problem in rural areas and in particular geographical regions, which should be the target of future programs.
