Anthropological analysis of the Second World War skeletal remains from three karst sinkholes located in southern Croatia.

Although in the cases of war crimes the main effort goes to the identification of victims, it is crucial to consider the execution event as a whole. Thus, the goal of the research was to determine the trauma type and probable cause of death on skeletal remains of civilians executed by partisans from WWS found in the three karst sinkholes and to explain the context in which the injuries occurred. We determined biological profiles, pathological conditions, traumas, and assessed their lethality. Nineteen skeletons were found, 68.4% had, at least, one perimortem trauma, classified as lethal/lethal if untreated in 69.2% cases. The type of execution and administered violence showed to be age and health dependent: elderly and diseased were executed with the intention to kill, by the gunshot facing victims, whilst the more violent behavior expressed towards younger and healthy individuals was indicated by the higher frequency of blunt force trauma.

Croatia is a safe tourist destination - study of foreign citizen mortality in Splitsko-dalmatinska and Primorsko-goranska County during the period 2001-2010.

AIM: To investigate the mortality rate of foreign citizens in Croatia. METHODS: Data were collected from the Departments for Forensic Pathology in Split and Rijeka, which are the autopsy centers of the counties with approximately 35% of total foreign visitors, as well as from the Croatian Central Bureau for Statistics for the period 2001-2010. The mortality rate (number of deaths of members of each nationality per 100000 entrances ratio) and standardized mortality ratio (ratio between the observed and expected number of deaths) were calculated, and χ(2) goodness of fit test was used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: There were 447 deaths (325 men, 72.7%) of foreign citizens (mortality rate of 0.0015%). A total of 207 deaths (46.3%) were by natural causes, more often among older people, and 240 deaths (53.7%) were injury deaths, more often among younger people, mostly by drowning or traffic-related (22.2% and 18.6% of all deaths, respectively). Most represented were citizens of German, Austrian, Czech, and Italian nationality, with 115 (25.7%), 59 (13.2%), 58 (13.0%), and 52 deaths (11.6%), respectively. Mortality rate by nationality showed no significant difference (P<0.05). The standardized mortality ratio was lowest in Hungarian and Czech citizens (0.17) and highest in US citizens (0.35). CONCLUSIONS: Croatia has low foreign citizens' mortality rate and could be considered a safe tourist destination.

[The proportion of non-invasive (Tis) and minimal invasive cancers (T1a,b) among breast cancer in Split region]. / Zastupljenost neinvazivnih (Tis) i minimalnih invazivnih karcinoma (T1a,b) medu karcinomima dojke u splitskoj regiji.

As a result of the use of screening mammography and the introduction of programs for early detection of breast cancers, many breast biopsies are now performed for small, non-palpable, mammographically detected abnormalities. In contrast to breast biopsies in the premammographic era, breast biopsies for mammographic abnormalities contain a greater number of minimal invasive breast cancers (T1a,b), non-invasive-in situ cancers (Tis), and histological types of breast cancers with excellent prognosis. The aim of this study was to estimate the basic histopathologic features of breast cancers in Split region, with emphasis on in situ and minimal invasive cancers. The results of this study are achieved by analysis of pathohistologic characteristics of 937 breast cancers surgically removed in Split Clinical Hospital in the five year period (1997-2001), detected in population without early breast cancer detection programs. The proportion of minimal invasive cancers (T1a,b) and in situ cancers (Tis) was 15.16% and 2.78%, respectively. Axillary nodal metastases (N1) occurred in 42.9% of patients of the whole group, and in the group of minimal invasive cancers nodal metastases occurred in 14.78% of cases. The small percentage of T1a,b and Tis cases of breast cancers in Split region suggests the necessity for introduction of breast cancer early detection programs, with the emphasis on screening mammography programs in a part of female population.