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1.
Poiésis (En línea) ; (35): 52-74, 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-981501

ABSTRACT

La psicología del deporte es un campo de aplicación de la psicología relativamente nuevo; tuvo su nacimiento oficial en el mundo en 1965 con la celebración del Primer Congreso Mundial de Psicología del Deporte en Roma; sin embargo, en Colombia, su aparición ha sido más pausada, encontrándose antecedentes del año 1973. Como especialización nace en el año 2002 en la Universidad El Bosque de la ciudad de Bogotá y solo hasta el 2016 se tiene en el País el segundo programa de educación formal a cargo de la Institución Universitaria de Envigado en donde se crea la Especialización en Psicología de la Actividad Física y el Deporte. Pese a ambos programas formativos, en la cotidianidad se encuentra desconocimiento frente a la posibilidad de aplicar la psicología en el campo deportivo, a las funciones que cumple un profesional en esta área y a los campos en los cuales puede desempeñarse; es por ello, que en el semillero de Psicología en la Actividad Física y el Deporte de la Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, se generó la inquietud sobre qué se conocía sobre este campo de aplicación en cinco poblaciones específicas: entrenadores o tutores, deportistas, psicólogos y psicólogos en formación, padres de familia de deportistas y población general que no se relaciona con el ámbito deportivo. Los resultados mostraron que la mayoría de los participantes de la investigación habían escuchado sobre psicología del deporte en el ámbito universitario o deportivo, conocía sobre sus funciones, identificaba la importancia de contar con un psicólogo del deporte, sin embargo, consideró que era un campo de aplicación poco explorado, no conocía a un psicólogo del deporte o no había trabajado con uno, lo que evidencia la importancia que tiene el continuar promoviendo el rol del psicólogo del deporte en Antioquia.


Sport Psychology is a relatively new field of application of psychology; It had its official birth in the world in 1965 with the celebration of the first World Congress of psychology of sport in Rome; However, in Colombia, has been more leisurely appearance, being a history of the year 1973; as specialization is born in the year 2002 at the Universidad El Bosque in Bogotá and only until the year 2016 has in Colombia the second formal education programme manager of the Institución Universitaria de Envigado in where specialization is created in Psychology of physical activity and sport. Despite both academic programs, in everyday life exists ignorance against the possibility of applied psychology in the sports field, the functions fulfilled by the psychologist of the sport and the fields in which can fulfill its role; that is why, in the Semillero de investigación en Psicología en la Actividad Física y el deporte" of the Universidad Catolica Luis Amigó generated concern about that thought or knew about this field of application in 5 specific populations: trainers or guardians; athletes; psychologists and psychologists in training; parents of athletes and the general population that is not related to sport. The results showed that the majority of the sample had heard about the psychology of sport in the University or athletic field, knew about their functions, identified the importance of having a sport psychologist, however, she was considered It was a little explored field of application, they didn't know a psychologist of the sport or had not worked with one, which shows the importance that has to continue to promote the role of sports psychologist in Antioquia.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Psychology, Sports , Psychology , Sports/psychology , Exercise , Mental Health
2.
Arch. latinoam. nutr ; Arch. latinoam. nutr;61(2): 183-188, jun. 2011. ilus, graf, mapas
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-659127

ABSTRACT

En el presente estudio se evaluaron algunos de los cambios microbiológicos y bioquímicos producidos en una especie de pez de consumo frecuente en Costa Rica, como lo es la barracuda Sphyraena ensis. Se evaluaron muestras de barracuda obtenidas durante la estación lluviosa y durante la estación seca. A cada una de éstas se le realizó un recuento aerobio psicrófilo, recuento e identificación de Vibrio, Enterococcus y Pseudomonas durante 6 días de almacenaje a dos temperaturas, 2 y 7ºC. Así también, se le realizó a cada una, la evaluación de la concentración de histamina producida mediante un inmunoensayo enzimático comercial. Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto que se da un incremento en los recuentos obtenidos a través del tiempo de almacenaje, dicho crecimiento es mayor al aumentar la temperatura de refrigeración. La mayoría de muestras mantenidas a 7ºC presentan recuentos superiores a 106 UFC/g luego de tres días de almacenaje, situación que no se presenta en las muestras mantenidas a 2ºC. No obstante, luego de 6 días de almacenaje, todas las muestras, independientemente de la temperatura de almacenaje, sobrepasan este valor. De la misma manera, se da un incremento en la concentración de histamina producida a través del tiempo de almacenaje, especialmente al conservar el producto a mayor temperatura debido al aumento de bacterias capaces de descarboxilar la histidina. No existe una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los recuentos obtenidos en estación lluviosa con respecto a la estación seca, no obstante, sí existe una diferencia con respecto a los géneros bacterianos aislados.


At the present study some of the microbiological and biochemical changes that occur through storage period in Sphyraena ensis, a fish specie of frequent consumption in Costa Rica were studied. Samples of S. ensis obtained during rainy and dry season were evaluated. Analysis included aerobic psychrotrophic count, identification and count of Vibrio, Enterococcus and Pseudomonas through a six day storage period at two different refrigeration temperatures, 2 and 7ºC. Same time, a commercial enzymatic immunoassay was used for the evaluation of the variation on the concentration of histamine produced in the different samples. Results obtained show that there is an increase on the bacteriological counts through the storage period, this increase is bigger as refrigeration temperature increases. Most of the samples maintained at 7ºC showed counts above 106 CFU/g after three days of storage, those stored at 2ºC did not present such high population levels. Nevertheless, after 6 days of storage, all samples, despite the storage temperature used, presented levels above the described one. Also, an histamine concentration increased through storage time, especially when the product was conserved at the higher temperature due to an increase in the number of histidine descarboxilating bacteria. There is no statistical difference between the counts obtained during rainy or dry season; nevertheless, there is a difference assicieated to the bacterial genera isolated.


Subject(s)
Animals , Food Microbiology , Food Storage , Fish Products/microbiology , Perciformes , Temperature , Bacteria/isolation & purification , Colony Count, Microbial , Costa Rica , Food Preservation/standards , Food Storage/standards , Histamine/analysis , Histamine/biosynthesis , Refrigeration , Time Factors
3.
Arch Latinoam Nutr ; 61(2): 183-8, 2011 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22308945

ABSTRACT

At the present study some of the microbiological and biochemical changes that occur through storage period in Sphyraena ensis, a fish specie of frequent consumption in Costa Rica were studied. Samples of S. ensis obtained during rainy and dry season were evaluated. Analysis included aerobic psychrotrophic count, identification and count of Vibrio, Enterococcus and Pseudomonas through a six day storage period at two different refrigeration temperatures, 2 and 7 degrees C. Same time, a commercial enzymatic immunoassay was used for the evaluation of the variation on the concentration of histamine produced in the different samples. Results obtained show that there is an increase on the bacteriological counts through the storage period, this increase is bigger as refrigeration temperature increases. Most of the samples maintained at 7 degrees C showed counts above 106 CFU/g after three days of storage, those stored at 2 degrees C did not present such high population levels. Nevertheless, after 6 days of storage, all samples, despite the storage temperature used, presented levels above the described one. Also, an histamine concentration increased through storage time, especially when the product was conserved at the higher temperature due to an increase in the number of histidine descarboxilating bacteria. There is no statistical difference between the counts obtained during rainy or dry season; nevertheless, there is a difference assicieated to the bacterial genera isolated.


Subject(s)
Fish Products/microbiology , Food Microbiology , Food Storage , Perciformes , Temperature , Animals , Bacteria/isolation & purification , Colony Count, Microbial , Costa Rica , Food Preservation/standards , Food Storage/standards , Histamine/analysis , Histamine/biosynthesis , Refrigeration , Time Factors
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