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2.
An. sist. sanit. Navar ; 46(3)sept. - dic. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-230031

ABSTRACT

Fundamento. Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir es un antiviral oral con un alto potencial de producir interacciones farmacológicas. La población candidata a recibirlo es mayoritariamente vulnerable, con enfermedades crónicas y polimedicada. El objetivo es evaluar la validación farmacéutica previa a la ad-ministración del antiviral.Material y métodos. Las interacciones farmacológicas entre nirmatrelvir/ritonavir y el tratamiento habitual se consulta-ron en fichas técnicas y las herramientas de interacciones de UpToDate® y Universidad de Liverpool®. Se incluyeron las prescripciones validadas por un farmacéutico de atención primaria (abril/2022-abril/2023). Resultados. Se incluyeron 159 pacientes; en 83 se detecta-ron 168 interacciones que podían suponer un cambio en su tratamiento. Las estatinas (25,6%), anticoagulantes (10,7%) y antihipertensivos (10,7%) fueron los grupos terapéuticos más frecuentemente implicados. La suspensión (53,0%) y reducción de dosis (22,6%) fueron los cambios de trata-miento más frecuentes. Conclusiones. La revisión de potenciales interacciones far-macológicas, los ajustes posológicos y las modificaciones del tratamiento habitual del paciente han evitado potenciales to-xicidades, mejorando la seguridad de nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (AU)


Background. The oral antiviral nirmatrelvir/ritonavir inter-acts with a range of drugs. Candidate patients to receive this antiviral agent are usually vulnerable, multipathological and polymedicated. The objective is to evaluate the phar-maceutical validation prior to the administration of the an-tiviral.Material and methods. Drug-drug interactions between nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and patients’ usual treatment medi-cations were checked in product information and in the Up-ToDate® and the University of Liverpool® interaction tools. We included validated prescriptions between April/2022 and April/2023 by a Primary Care pharmacist.Results. Of the 159 study patients, 168 interactions were found in 83 individuals, which may have led to changes of their usual treatment. Statins (25.6%), anticoagulants (10.7%), and antihypertensives (10.7%) were the most fre-quently implicated therapeutic groups. Discontinuation (53.0%) and dose reduction (22.6%) were the most common treatment changes. Conclusions. Our search of potential drug interactions and subsequent dose adjustments and modifications of the pa-tient’s usual treatment has helped avoid potential toxicities ensuring a safe use of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (AU)


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Ritonavir/administration & dosage , Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Primary Health Care , Ambulatory Care , /drug therapy , Drug Interactions
3.
An Sist Sanit Navar ; 46(3)2023 12 26.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38146944

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The oral antiviral nirmatrelvir/ritonavir interacts with a range of drugs. Candidate patients to receive this antiviral agent are usually vulnerable, multipathological and polymedicated. The objective is to evaluate the pharmaceutical validation prior to the administration of the antiviral. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Drug-drug interactions between nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and patients' usual treatment medications were checked in product information and in the UpToDate® and the University of Liverpool® interaction tools. We included validated prescriptions between April/2022 and April/2023 by a Primary Care pharmacist. RESULTS: Of the 159 study patients, 168 interactions were found in 83 individuals, which may have led to changes of their usual treatment. Statins (25.6%), anticoagulants (10.7%), and antihypertensives (10.7%) were the most frequently implicated therapeutic groups. Discontinuation (53.0%) and dose reduction (22.6%) were the most common treatment changes. CONCLUSIONS: Our search of potential drug interactions and subsequent dose adjustments and modifications of the patient's usual treatment has helped avoid potential toxicities ensuring a safe use of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir.


Subject(s)
Outpatients , Ritonavir , Humans , Drug Interactions , Primary Health Care , Antiviral Agents
5.
An. sist. sanit. Navar ; (Monografía n 8): 307-324, Jun 23, 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-222480

ABSTRACT

En diciembre de 2019 surgió un nuevo coronavirus, muy virulento y que provocaba un cuadrosevero a nivel respiratorio. La falta de experiencia con esta nueva enfermedad, unida a sugravedad y alta mortalidad, hizo que se utilizaran una gran cantidad de medicamentos sinexperiencia y se investigara sobre nuevas terapias específicas para combatirlo. Los primeros medicamentos que se utilizaron fueron antirretrovirales, usados habitualmente para eltratamiento del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana, y antiparasitarios, por su actividadinmunosupresora. Además, debido a la neumonía que producía este nuevo virus se utilizabanantibióticos por el riesgo de sobreinfección bacteriana, además de corticoides. Posteriormente, se comenzaron a usar terapias inmunomoduladoras como interferones, anticuerposmonoclonales o moléculas pequeñas dirigidas contra dianas implicadas en el proceso de lainflamación. Durante todo este tiempo surgieron nuevas terapias como remdesivir, cuyaspautas de uso fueron cambiando a lo largo de los meses. En enero de 2022 cambió el paradigma de tratamiento de esta enfermedad, ya que se incluyeron nuevas alternativas tera-péuticas tanto para el tratamiento de esta enfermedad como para su prevención, como sonsotrovimab, casirivimab-imdevimab o nirmatrelvir/ritonavir. Desde este momento, la AgenciaEspañola del Medicamento y Productos Sanitarios publicó una serie de recomendaciones deutilización de estos nuevos medicamentos, que se han ido actualizando hasta la fecha. Eneste artículo hacemos una revisión de los tratamientos utilizados desde el inicio de la pandemia hasta enero de 2023.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Pandemics , Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy , Coronavirus Infections/epidemiology , Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus , Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy , Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Spain , Public Health , Health Services , Antiparasitic Agents , Adjuvants, Immunologic
6.
Gac Sanit ; 37: 102283, 2023.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36565565

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate gabapentin and pregabalin treatment adequacy to label indications, to analyze off-label use and to identify patients at high risk of respiratory depression. METHOD: An observational, retrospective study was performed. It included patients treated with pregabalin and gabapentin during 2020 in Navarre. RESULTS: A total of 9778 patients were treated with gabapentin or pregabalin during the first two months of 2020. In 56% of the cases, gabapentinoids were prescribed for off-label uses. Sixty percent of patients were taking at least one central nervous system (CNS) depressant drug concomitantly, 33% of them opioids, 20% of them combined opioids with CNS depressants and 4% of them at least one systemic antihistamine. In addition, 11% of the patients had a diagnosis of asthma or COPD. Prevalences remained constant along the year. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to implement a gabapentinoid deprescription strategy to improve its use and reduce safety problems.


Subject(s)
Deprescriptions , Off-Label Use , Humans , Gabapentin/therapeutic use , Pregabalin/therapeutic use , Analgesics, Opioid/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies
7.
Gac. sanit. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 37: 102283, 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-217777

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar la adecuación de los tratamientos con gabapentina y pregabalina a las indicaciones autorizadas, analizar su uso en las no autorizadas e identificar los pacientes con más riesgo de sufrir depresión respiratoria. Método: Estudio observacional retrospectivo que incluyó a los pacientes en tratamiento con gabapentina o pregabalina en 2020 en Navarra. Resultados: Se incluyeron 9778 pacientes en tratamiento con gabapentina o pregabalina durante el primer bimestre de 2020. En el 56% de los casos se prescribieron para indicaciones no autorizadas. El 60% tomaba concomitantemente al menos un depresor del sistema nervioso central (SNC), el 33% algún opiáceo, el 20% opiáceos combinados con depresores del SNC y el 4% algún antihistamínico. El 11% tenía diagnóstico de asma o enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica. Estas prevalencias se mantuvieron constantes durante el resto del año. Conclusiones: Es necesario implementar una estrategia de desprescripción de gabapentinoides para adecuar su uso y disminuir los problemas de seguridad. (AU)


Objective: To evaluate gabapentin and pregabalin treatment adequacy to label indications, to analyze off-label use and to identify patients at high risk of respiratory depression. Method: An observational, retrospective study was performed. It included patients treated with pregabalin and gabapentin during 2020 in Navarre. Results: A total of 9778 patients were treated with gabapentin or pregabalin during the first two months of 2020. In 56% of the cases, gabapentinoids were prescribed for off-label uses. Sixty percent of patients were taking at least one central nervous system (CNS) depressant drug concomitantly, 33% of them opioids, 20% of them combined opioids with CNS depressants and 4% of them at least one systemic antihistamine. In addition, 11% of the patients had a diagnosis of asthma or COPD. Prevalences remained constant along the year. Conclusions: It is necessary to implement a gabapentinoid deprescription strategy to improve its use and reduce safety problems.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Gabapentin/therapeutic use , Pregabalin/therapeutic use , Inappropriate Prescribing , Retrospective Studies , Respiratory Insufficiency , Spain
8.
Rev Esp Salud Publica ; 962022 Jun 29.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35765981

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The benefit-risk balance of statins and ezetimibe as primary prevention of cardiovascular disease is controversial in elderly patients due to the doubts about their effectiveness and certainty about adverse effects. The aim of this paper was to analyze health outcomes of a statin and ezetimibe deprescription strategy in patients aged 75 or older treated with these drugs for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. METHODS: An observational ambispective cohort study was made to evaluate health outcomes after the implementation of a strategy for deprescribing statins and ezetimibe in patients aged 75 or older who take these drugs for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. To avoid the risk of bias due to non-random assignment of patients to different groups, a propensity score will be calculated for each patient using logistic regression. The outcome of interest will be the deprescription or not of statins or ezetimibe. Time to hospital admission or death from any cause and other variables related to health outcomes will be analysed. Groups with and without statin or ezetimibe deprescription will be compared by survival analysis using Cox regression to estimate the hazard ratio. CONCLUSIONS: It is expected to obtain health outcomes of the strategy of deprescribing statins and ezetimibe in primary prevention in patients aged 75 or older. They will provide information on the advisability of continuing the strategy.


OBJETIVO: El balance beneficio-riesgo de estatinas y ezetimiba como prevención primaria de la enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) resulta controvertido en pacientes de edad avanzada, debido a las dudas sobre su efectividad y las certezas sobre efectos adversos. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los resultados en salud de una estrategia de deprescripción de estatinas y ezetimiba en prevención primaria de ECV en pacientes mayores de 75 años. METODOS: Se realizó un estudio ambispectivo de cohortes para evaluar los resultados en salud obtenidos tras la implementación de una estrategia poblacional de deprescripción de estatinas y ezetimiba en pacientes con edad igual o mayor a 75 años que tomaban estos fármacos como prevención primaria de ECV. Para evitar posibles sesgos debidos a la asignación no aleatoria de los pacientes a los distintos grupos, se calculará un índice de propensión para cada paciente utilizando una regresión logística, en la que la variable de resultado será la deprescripción o no de estatinas o ezetimiba. Se analizará el tiempo hasta el ingreso hospitalario o la muerte por cualquier causa y otras variables relacionadas con resultados en salud. Se compararán los grupos con y sin deprescripción de estatina o ezetimiba mediante un análisis de supervivencia utilizando un modelo de riesgos proporcionales de Cox para estimar el hazard ratio. CONCLUSIONES: Se espera obtener información sobre los resultados en salud de la estrategia de deprescripción de estatinas y ezetimiba en prevención primaria en mayores de 75 años que informarán sobre la conveniencia de continuarla.


Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases , Deprescriptions , Ezetimibe , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors , Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Cohort Studies , Humans , Observational Studies as Topic , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Primary Prevention , Spain
9.
Rev. esp. salud pública ; 96: e202206049-e202206049, Jun. 2022.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-211305

ABSTRACT

FUNDAMENTOS: l balance beneficio-riesgo de estatinas y ezetimiba como prevención primaria de la enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) resulta controvertido en pacientes de edad avanzada, debido a las dudas sobre su efectividad y las certezas sobre efectos adversos. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los resultados en salud de una estrategia de deprescripción de estatinas y ezetimiba en prevención primaria de ECV en pacientes mayores de 75 años. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio ambispectivo de cohortes para evaluar los resultados en salud obtenidos tras la implementación de una estrategia poblacional de deprescripción de estatinas y ezetimiba en pacientes con edad igual o mayor a 75 años que tomaban estos fármacos como prevención primaria de ECV. Para evitar posibles sesgos debidos a la asignación no aleatoria de los pacientes a los distintos grupos, se calculará un índice de propensión para cada paciente utilizando una regresión logística, en la que la variable de resultado será la deprescripción o no de estatinas o ezetimiba. Se analizará el tiempo hasta el ingreso hospitalario o la muerte por cualquier causa y otras variables relacionadas con resultados en salud. Se compararán los grupos con y sin deprescripción de estatina o ezetimiba mediante un análisis de supervivencia utilizando un modelo de riesgos proporcionales de Cox para estimar el hazard ratio. CONCLUSIONES: Se espera obtener información sobre los resultados en salud de la estrategia de deprescripción de estatinas y ezetimiba en prevención primaria en mayores de 75 años que informarán sobre la conveniencia de continuarla.(AU)


BACKGROUND: The benefit-risk balance of statins and ezetimibe as primary prevention of cardiovascular disease is controversial in elderly patients due to the doubts about their effectiveness and certainty about adverse effects. The aim of this paper was to analyze health outcomes of a statin and ezetimibe deprescription strategy in patients aged 75 or older treated with these drugs for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. METHODS: An observational ambispective cohort study was made to evaluate health outcomes after the implementation of a strategy for deprescribing statins and ezetimibe in patients aged 75 or older who take these drugs for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. To avoid the risk of bias due to non-random assignment of patients to different groups, a propensity score will be calculated for each patient using logistic regression. The outcome of interest will be the deprescription or not of statins or ezetimibe. Time to hospital admission or death from any cause and other variables related to health outcomes will be analysed. Groups with and without statin or ezetimibe deprescription will be compared by survival analysis using Cox regression to estimate the hazard ratio. CONCLUSIONS: It is expected to obtain health outcomes of the strategy of deprescribing statins and ezetimibe in primary prevention in patients aged 75 or older. They will provide information on the advisability of continuing the strategy.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Primary Prevention , Deprescriptions , Ezetimibe , Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors , Cardiovascular Diseases , Public Health , Cohort Studies
10.
Rev. esp. geriatr. gerontol. (Ed. impr.) ; 50(6): 281-284, nov.-dic. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-143499

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Los accidentes son un problema importante de salud para las personas mayores. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido valorar la incidencia de accidentes en la población mayor de 64 años y describir las características que se asocian a la accidentalidad. Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo de una cohorte de 15.192 personas mayores de 64 años, no institucionalizadas, realizado a través de Red Vigía de la CAPV y durante el periodo de un año. Por cada accidente se realizó una encuesta. Se calcularon las tasas de accidentalidad y los riesgos por grupos de edad y sexo. Resultados. La tasa de accidentalidad fue 46,52 y 81,87 por 1.000 hombres y mujeres, respectivamente. El tipo de accidente más frecuente fue la caída (92%), la lesión más severa la fractura (17%) con un riesgo significativamente superior para las mujeres y los mayores de 75 años. Conclusiones. Los datos presentados confirman la importante dimensión de los accidentes no intencionados en la población mayor de 64 años en la CAPV. El accidente más frecuente ha sido la caída, que constituye un fenómeno de gran transcendencia en los adultos mayores ya que son una de las principales causas de lesiones, incapacidad e institucionalización (AU)


Introduction. Accidents represent a significant health problem for elderly people. The objective of this study was to assess the incidence of accidents in over-64-year-olds in the Basque Country population, and to describe the clinical-epidemiological features leading to them. Material and methods. This was a prospective cohort study of 15,192 non-institutionalised individuals over 64 years of age, conducted under the auspices of the Basque Sentinel Practice Network (Red Vigía) over one year. A questionnaire was completed for each accident. The rates and risks of accidents were calculated by sex and age group of the individuals who had the accidents. Results. The rates of accidents were 46.52 and 81.87 per 1000 men and women, respectively. The most common type of accident was a fall (92%), and the most severe injuries were fractures (17%), with the risk of an accident being significantly higher in women and in the over-75-year-olds. Conclusions. These data reflect the scale of accidents in over-64-year-olds in the Basque Country. The most frequent accident was the fall, which represents a dramatic event among the elderly, being one of the main causes of injury, disability and institutionalisation among this population group (AU)


Subject(s)
Aged, 80 and over , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Accidents/statistics & numerical data , Accidents/trends , Accident Prevention , Accidental Falls/prevention & control , Incidence , Risk Factors , Cohort Studies , Socioeconomic Survey , Body Mass Index
11.
Rev Esp Geriatr Gerontol ; 50(6): 281-4, 2015.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25721313

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Accidents represent a significant health problem for elderly people. The objective of this study was to assess the incidence of accidents in over-64-year-olds in the Basque Country population, and to describe the clinical-epidemiological features leading to them. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study of 15,192 non-institutionalised individuals over 64 years of age, conducted under the auspices of the Basque Sentinel Practice Network (Red Vigía) over one year. A questionnaire was completed for each accident. The rates and risks of accidents were calculated by sex and age group of the individuals who had the accidents. RESULTS: The rates of accidents were 46.52 and 81.87 per 1000 men and women, respectively. The most common type of accident was a fall (92%), and the most severe injuries were fractures (17%), with the risk of an accident being significantly higher in women and in the over-75-year-olds. CONCLUSIONS: These data reflect the scale of accidents in over-64-year-olds in the Basque Country. The most frequent accident was the fall, which represents a dramatic event among the elderly, being one of the main causes of injury, disability and institutionalisation among this population group.


Subject(s)
Accidents/statistics & numerical data , Accidental Falls , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cohort Studies , Epidemiologic Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Prospective Studies , Spain/epidemiology
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