Enfermedades tiroideas en adolescentes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 / Thyroid diseases in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Objetivo: determinar el comportamiento de enfermedades tiroideas en pacientes pediátricos con diabetes mellitus tipo 1. Material y método: estudio descriptivo, transversal, en 56 adolescentes con diagnóstico de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 atendidos en el Servicio de Endocrinología del Hospital Juan Manuel Márquez (La Habana, Cuba) en el periodo de octubre de 2015 a octubre de 2016. Las variables en estudio fueron: edad, sexo, tiempo de evolución de la diabetes mellitus, estado nutricional, función tiroidea y enfermedad tiroidea autoinmune. Las variables cualitativas se describieron estadísticamente mediante frecuencias absolutas y relativas, la asociación entre las variables categóricas se exploró con el test χ2 y la probabilidad exacta de Fisher. En todas las pruebas estadísticas se consideró un nivel de significación de α igual a 0,05. Resultados: el 46,29% de los pacientes estudiados presentaron enfermedad tiroidea autoinmune; de ellos, el 33,33% eran del sexo femenino. El mayor grado de disfunción tiroidea se presentó en pacientes con mayores edades (36,0%), normopesos (68,0%) y con tiempo de evolución de la diabetes mellitus de entre 5-9 años (52,0%). El 32,0 frente al 80,0% de los pacientes presentaron respectivamente anticuerpos antitiroglobulina y antitiroperoxidasa positivos, relacionándose este último con la edad y el tiempo de evolución de la diabetes mellitus. Conclusiones: se presentó disfunción tiroidea en los pacientes con enfermedad tiroidea autoinmune relacionado con la edad y el tiempo de evolución de la diabetes mellitus tipo 1. Los anticuerpos antitiroperoxidasa se relacionaron con la edad y el tiempo de evolución de la diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (AU)

Introduction: the type 1 diabetes mellitus is related with thyroid alterations. Objective: to determine the behaviour of thyroid diseases in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Material and method: descriptive cross-sectional study in 56 adolescents with diagnostic of type 1 diabetes mellitus assisted in the service of Endocrinology of the Juan Manuel Márquez hospital in the period between October 2015 and October 2016. The variables in study were: age, sex, time of evolution of the diabetes mellitus, nutritional state, thyroid function and autoimmune thyroid disease. The qualitative variables were statistically sescribed by absolute and relative frequencies; the association among the categorical variables was explored with the χ2 test and Fisher's exact probability. In all the statistical tests, it was considered a significance level of alpha equal to 0.05. Results: 46.29% of the studied patients presented autoimmune thyroid disease; of them, 33.33% were female. The highest degree of thyroid dysfunction was present in older patients (36.0%), with normal weigh (68.0%) and time of evolution of the diabetes mellitus among 5-9 years (52.0%). 32.0% vs 80.0% of the patients presented antithyroglobulin antibodies and antithyroperoxidase antibodies respectively, being related this last one with the age and the time of evolution of the diabetes mellitus. Conclusions: thyroid dysfunction was presented in the patients with autoimmune thyroid disease related to the age and the time of evolution of the type 1 diabetes mellitus. The antithyroperoxidase antibodies were related with the age and the time of evolution of type 1 diabetes mellitus (AU)

Insulin gene expression pattern in rat pancreas during the estrous cycle.

Sex steroid hormones influence insulin homeostasis and glucose metabolism, estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) induce changes in both fasting and postprandial insulinemia in rodents, however, insulin gene expression during estrous cycle is unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine an insulin gene expression pattern during the estrous cycle in the rat. Groups of 6 adult rats in each day of the estrous cycle were used. Serum P4, E2, testosterone (T) and insulin concentrations were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). A Northern blot analysis was performed to assess insulin gene expression in pancreatic tissue. We found a marked variation in insulin gene expression during the estrous cycle. The highest insulin expression was observed during the proestrus day. Interestingly, E2 and P4 but not T levels were correlated with changes in insulin mRNA content. The variations in serum insulin during the cycle were correlated with its mRNA content in pancreas. The overall results showed variations in serum insulin and insulin gene expression during estrous cycle of the rat that correlated with circulating E2 and P4 levels.

[Cytomegalovirus pneumonitis in immunocompetent adults: report of a case]. / Neumonitis por citomegalovirus en pacientes adultos inmunocompetentes: a propósito de un caso.

Cytomegalovirus produces congenital and acquired infections most of them asymptomatic. The percentage of clinical cases with visceral affection increases in patients suffering from a deficiency cellular immunity, showing the great importance of this defensive system in the control of the infection. This case presents an infection by Cytomegalovirus with visceral affection in an immunocompetent adult host. This is a mean duration of fever as the only symptom with lymphocytosis, biochemical hepatic changes and an interstitial pulmonary radiologic image. We think this case is a matter of considerable interest because it is a challenge in the study of the pathogenic mechanisms of this infection.