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1.
An Sist Sanit Navar ; 32(2): 243-8, 2009.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19738648

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is an important public health problem, whose epidemiology in our country has changed in recent years due to the increase in the immigrant population. The aim of this article is to evaluate the frequency of resistance to the four principal antitubercular drugs in both the local and immigrant populations. METHODS: A study was made of the antibiograms of 457 isolations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis carried out in the Hospital of Navarre in 2000-2007. The antibiograms were processed using the BACTEC460TB system. RESULTS: Twenty six point three percent of the strains corresponded to immigrants, with a significant increase occurring over the period. The frequencies of resistances to the different antitubercular drugs in the local and immigrant populations respectively were: to at least one 5.6% vs 20.8% (p <0.001); to isoniazid 4.5% vs 14.2% (p <0.001); to streptomycin 2.4% vs 12.6% (p <0.001); to rifampicin 0.9% vs 5% (p <0.05); to ethambutol 0.3% vs 2.5% (p <0.05); and multiresistance 0.3% vs 2.5% (p <0.05). CONCLUSION: There are significant differences between local and immigrant populations in the pattern of resistances of the strains isolated. The immigrant population, due to the high frequency with which resistance is shown to isoniazid, must be treated initially with a pattern of four drugs until the result of the biogram is available.


Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology , Emigrants and Immigrants , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/drug effects , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/ethnology , Humans , Spain/epidemiology
2.
An. sist. sanit. Navar ; 32(2): 243-248, mayo-ago. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-73320

ABSTRACT

Fundamento. La tuberculosis es un importante problemade salud pública, cuya epidemiología ha cambiadoen los últimos años en nuestro país debido al aumentode población inmigrante. El objetivo de este trabajo hasido valorar la frecuencia de resistencias a los cuatroantituberculosos principales, tanto en población autóctonacomo inmigrante.Material y métodos. Se han estudiado los antibiogramasde 457 aislamientos de Mycobacterium tuberculosisrealizados en el Hospital de Navarra en el periodo 2000-2007. Los antibiogramas fueron procesados mediante elsistema BACTEC460TB.Resultados. El 26,3% de las cepas correspondieron a inmigrantes,produciéndose a lo largo del periodo un incrementosignificativo. Las frecuencias de resistenciasa los distintos fármacos antituberculosos en poblaciónautóctona e inmigrante, respectivamente fueron: a almenos uno 5,6% vs 20,8% (p <0,001), a isoniacida 4,5%vs 14,2% (p <0,001), a estreptomicina 2,4% vs 12,5% (p<0,001), a rifampicina 0,9% vs 5% (p <0,05), a etambutol0,3% vs 2,5% (p <0,05) y multirresistencia 0,3% vs 2,5%(p <0,05).Conclusión. Existen diferencias significativas entre lapoblación autóctona e inmigrante en el patrón de resistenciasde las cepas aisladas. Esta última, debidoa la alta frecuencia con que presenta resistencia a laisoniacida, debe tratarse inicialmente con una pautade cuatro fármacos hasta disponer del resultado del antibiograma(AU)


Background. Tuberculosis is an important publichealth problem, whose epidemiology in our countryhas changed in recent years due to the increase in theimmigrant population. The aim of this article is to evaluatethe frequency of resistance to the four principalantitubercular drugs in both the local and immigrantpopulations.Methods. A study was made of the antibiograms of 457isolations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis carried out inthe Hospital of Navarre in 2000-2007. The antibiogramswere processed using the BACTEC460TB system.Results. Twenty six point three percent of the strainscorresponded to immigrants, with a significant increaseoccurring over the period. The frequencies of resistancesto the different antitubercular drugs in the local andimmigrant populations respectively were: to at leastone 5.6% vs 20.8% (p <0.001); to isoniazid 4.5% vs 14.2%(p <0.001); to streptomycin 2.4% vs 12.5% (p <0.001);to rifampicin 0.9% vs 5% (p <0.05); to ethambutol 0.3%vs 2.5% (p <0.05); and multiresistance 0.3% vs 2.5% (p<0.05).Conclusion. There are significant differences betweenlocal and immigrant populations in the pattern of resistancesof the strains isolated. The immigrant population,due to the high frequency with which resistanceis shown to isoniazid, must be treated initially with apattern of four drugs until the result of the biogram is available(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/epidemiology , Emigrants and Immigrants/statistics & numerical data , Isoniazid/therapeutic use , Microbial Sensitivity Tests
3.
An. sist. sanit. Navar ; 31(1): 33-42, ene.-abr. 2008. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-64430

ABSTRACT

Fundamento: El aislamiento de micobacterias no tuberculosas (MNT) se ha incrementado en los últimos años debido en gran parte a la utilización de medios de cultivo líquidos. Estos aislamientos carecen en muchos casos de relevancia clínica, por lo que la valoración de su significado debe realizarse en base a unos criterios clínicos internacionales. En el presente trabajo hemos estudiado el impacto que supondría la aplicación de los criterios que la American Thoracic Society (ATS) ha establecido para diferenciar en muestras respiratorias una infección de una colonización por MNT. Métodos: Estudio microbiológico y clínico de los pacientes con aislamientos repetidos de MNT en muestras respiratorias registrados en nuestro laboratorio entre los años 2000-2004. Resultados: Se obtuvieron 116 cultivos positivos de MNT aisladas repetidamente en 46 episodios correspondientes a 42 pacientes. Se identificaron 11especies distintas: M. xenopi (16 casos), M. avium (12), M. kansasii (7), M. fortuitum (5), M. malmoense (2) y finalmente 1 de cada una de las siguientes: M. genavense, M. simiae, M. gordonae y M. lentiflavum. Se pudieron estudiar 36 pacientes, de los que 17 cumplían los criterios de la ATS y, de estos, sólo 12 recibieron tratamiento específico. En los casos que no se cumplían los criterios de la ATS los aislamientos no tuvieron ninguna repercusión clínica. En ambos grupos, tratados y no tratados, no se observó una evolución claramente diferenciada. Conclusiones: Ante la dificultad de atribuir a una MNT de muestras respiratorias un papel etiológico, es necesario atenerse a criterios internacionales como los de la ATS antes de iniciar un tratamiento específico para evitar tratamientos incorrectos a los pacientes (AU)


Background: The isolation of non tuberculous mycobacterias (NTM) has increased in recent years largely due to the use of liquid cultivation media. In many cases such isolations lack clinical relevance, which is why the evaluation of their meaning must be carried out on the basis of international clinical criteria. This article studies the impact of using the criteria that the American Thoracic Society (ATS) has established for differentiating an infection of NTM colonization in respiratory samples. Methods: Microbiological and clinical study of the patients with repeated isolations of NTM in respiratory samples registered in our laboratory between 2000and 2004.Results. One hundred and sixteen positive cultivations of NTM were obtained, repeatedly isolated in 46episodes corresponding to 42 patients. Eleven different species were identified: M. xenopi (16 cases), M.avium (12), M. kansasii (7), M. fortuitum (5), M. malmoense (2) and, finally, 1 of each of the following: M. genavense, M. simiae, M. gordonae and M. lentiflavum. It was possible to study 36 patients, of whom 17 met the criteria of the ATS, and, out of these, only 12 received specific treatment. In those cases that did not meet the ATS criteria the isolations did not have any clinical repercussion. In both the treated and untreated groups a clearly differentiated evolution was not observed. Conclusions: Facing the difficulty of attributing an etiological role to an NTM of respiratory samples, it is necessary to follow international criteria such as those of the ATS before beginning a specific treatment in order to avoid the incorrect treatment of patients (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Nontuberculous Mycobacteria/isolation & purification , Culture Media/isolation & purification , Mycobacterium xenopi/isolation & purification , Mycobacterium avium/isolation & purification , Mycobacterium kansasii/isolation & purification , Microbiological Techniques/instrumentation , Microbiological Techniques/trends , Mycobacterium fortuitum/isolation & purification , Herpesvirus 1, Cercopithecine/isolation & purification , 24966 , Microbiological Techniques/methods , Microbiological Techniques/standards , Microbiological Techniques
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