ABSTRACT
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) reduces hospital length of stay, generating lower costs, less postoperative pain and an esthetic incision, with the disadvantage of converting to an open cholecystectomy. According to Collet, it has a conversion rate to open cholecystectomy of 4.8%. And with only 3 holes would be enough without having another hole exposed, having only a 3.85 % conversion rate. According to the Bangladesh study, minilaparoscopic cholecystectomy (MCL) has a conversion rate of 0.39% being lower than LC, although of the 7200 people in their study, only 22 people had complications such as incisional umbilical hernia and wound infection. Both techniques properly managed are extremely useful, with some differences in scar size and conversion rate, but they´re similar in postoperative pain, length of stay, recovery, etc. The CML is preferably used in young people who prefer esthetics and good results.
Subject(s)
Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic , Cholecystitis, Acute , Humans , Adolescent , Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic/methods , Cholecystectomy , Pain, Postoperative , Length of Stay , Postoperative Complications , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio cualitativo fenomenológico, con el fin de determinar las causas, perspectivas y decisiones del embarazo en adolescentes, para lo cual se realizaron ocho grupos focales y una entrevista en profundidad, a adolescentes que acudían a realizarse el control del embarazo, o se encontraban hospitalizadas en sala de Obstetricia. Se empleó para el análisis, el programa para la investigación cualitativa NUD*IST 5.0, para generar los nodos y las clasificaciones, encontrándose los siguientes resultados. Que el embarazo en adolescentes, no es un proceso en donde el medio influya para que se produzca un embarazo, en este contexto existe falta de cariño y comunicación familiar, soledad y desintegración familiar, que influyen en el hecho de que la adolescente busque el cariño de una pareja, con la que tiene relaciones sexuales y que luego por motivos de desinformación y poco acceso a los métodos, o por decisión propia decide embarazarse.
A phenomenological qualitative study was made, with the objective of determining the causes, perspectives and decisions of pregnancy in teens, for which eight focal groups and a depth interview were accomplished, to teens carne true that resorted to the control of pregnancy having total success, or they found themselves hospitalized at Obstetrician's living room. Used him for analysis, the program for qualitative research NUD *IST 5,0, in order to generate the nodes and classifications, finding the following results. The pregnancy in adolescents, he is not a process where the midway have influence for that a pregnancy be produced, in this context exists he is missing of affection and family communication, solitude and family disintegration, that they influence the fact that the adolescent look for a couple's affection, with the one that has sexual intercourse and than next on the grounds of disinformation and little I access methods, or for decision own he decides becoming pregnant.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Pregnancy in Adolescence , Sexual Partners , Qualitative Research , Family RelationsABSTRACT
Se realizó en 1997 un estudio descriptivo en 50 profesionales prestadores de salud obstétrica en la ciudad de Trujillo, con el fin de identificar los criterios clínicos por los cuales realizan la episiotomía. Los profesionales le atribuyen a este procedimiento beneficios como: La mejora de la sexualidad, evitar prolapsos, mejorar los tejidos, etc. En cuanto a las desventajas, los factores citados, si tienen relación con la literatura. Los criterios expuestos por dicho grupo como su criterio crítico o su experiencia personal no justifican la realización de la episiotomía, ya que no corresponden con los estudios hasta hoy publicados. Sin embargo, la episiotomía es considerada por los profesionales de la salud obstétrica como un procedimiento indispensable Dicho procedimiento es aplicado en todos los centros de atención obstétrica donde se atienden partos (En la ciudad de Trujillo) llegándose a generalizar al 91,98% de los partos vaginales en mujeres primíparas y solo 8,2 por ciento se atienden en forma natural.
A descriptive study in 50 lending professionals of obstetric health, with the aim of identifying the clinical criteria which they sell off the episiotomy for came true in 1997. The professionals attribute this procedure benefits like: The improvement of sexuality, avoiding prolapses, improving the textiles, etc. As to disadvantages, factors quoted, if they have to do with literature. The criteria exposed by the aforementioned group do not justify the episiotomy's realization, since they do not accord with studies as of today published, although if they coincide with classical texts of obstetrics. The episiotomy is considered by health-care professionals obstetrician like an indispensable procedureThe aforementioned procedure is applied at all of the centers of attention obstetric where they cater to childbirths ( At Trujillo's city ) taking place to generalize 8.2 per cent to the 91.98 % of the vaginal childbirths in primiparous women and solo they attend in shape native.
