Pattern of presentation of pompholyx at a principal referral point in Port Harcourt over a period of ten years

Background: Pompholyx is a type of hand eczema which is characterized by recurrent vesicles and bullae.It is seen commonly in the age group 20 -40 years, affects all races and has an equal sex distribution. It is commonly associated with contact allergic dermatitis and contact irritant dermatitis and atopy. Other associated factors include emotional stress, chronic illness such as HIV and physiological states like pregnancy. Pompholyx is said to be common in warm climate. In which the study area can be classified as such being a tropical climate in the Sub Saharan Africa. Pompholyx is a disease that reduces the quality of living of affected individuals and can bea cause of social stigmatization, often mistaken for a contagious infection such as scabies. It can also be a cause great discomfort to the body and mind leading to work and school absenteeism. Methodology:It was a retrospective cross sectional study of new pompholyx cases within the period of January 2006 to December 2015 from the new patient clinical register. Folders were retrieved and data was extracted using a semi-structured questionnaire developed from standard written medical literature on pompholyx. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20.Results:Thirty six new cases of pompholyx were seen within the period with an average incidence of 0.59% over the ten year period consisting of 22 females and 14 males with age range of 2- 65years.There was no statistical significant relationship between age categories and sex. The majority of cases were seen amongst students. The age 20-45 group constituted the highest number. 61% had a history of contact dermatitis with the major triggers being detergents, chemicals and metals. All patients were counseled and improved after receiving treatment from at least two of the five major classes of drugs- corticosteroids, antifungal, antibiotics, antihistamines and astringents. Conclusion:Pompholyx is a recurrent hand dermatitis characterized by vesicles and bullae though not common as the study reflects; it can be a source of mental and physical discomfort leading to a poor quality of life in affected individuals

Studies on the antimicrobial effects of Spondias mombin and Baphia nittida on dental caries organism.

The antimicrobial effect of cold water, hot water and ethanolic extracts of Spondias mombin and Baphia nittida on cariogenic streptococci isolated from dental caries patients attending the Ebonyi State University Teaching hospital dental clinic Abakaliki was investigated using the agar well diffusion technique. The cold water and ethanolic extracts of Baphia nittida showed inhibition zone diameter (IZD) of 10 and 12 mm respectively at 400 mg mL(-1), while the hot water showed no inhibitory effect. All extracts of Spondias mombin did not inhibit the test organism. The cold water and ethanolic extracts of Baphia nittida showed Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of 100 and 50 mg mL(-1) respectively. The combination of the cold water extracts of the two herbs showed enhanced activity of 13 mm. Phytochemical analysis of Baphia nittida revealed the presence of flavonoids, glycosides, proteins saponins, tannins, carbohydrate and steroidal aglycone. Acute toxicity testing of Baphia nittida at a range of 250-5000 mg kg(-1) bw using mice showed no clinical signs of acute toxicity. No chemical toxicity was observed amongst rats given Baphia nittida extracts 500 and 1000 mg kg(-1) bw after 30 days. Baphia nittida may be a potential source of an antimicrobial agent for the treatment and management of dental caries.