Facilitating Behavior Change in Plastic Surgery Patients Who Inject Drugs Through Motivational Interviewing.

Background: Plastic surgeons treat a large volume of patients with upper limb morbidity resulting from intravenous drug use. The use of motivational interviewing by health care providers has demonstrated effectiveness in eliciting behavioral change, leading to improved health outcomes. This paper aims to explore the concept and process of motivational interviewing and its role in facilitating behavior change in the plastic surgery setting. Methods: The authors reviewed the literature on motivational interviewing in various health care settings. Results: Motivational interviewing, first developed in the field of psychology, has demonstrated effectiveness in facilitating behavior change in various clinical contexts, including brief clinical encounters. Using motivational interviewing guides the patient as they move through the stages of readiness for change in dealing with unhealthy behaviors. The authors demonstrate these techniques in a supplemental instructional video. Conclusions: Motivational interviewing is an evidence-based method for facilitating behavior change. All plastic surgeons should be prepared to use this person-centred counselling method in clinical practice.

Contexte: Les chirurgiens plastiques traitent un grand nombre de patients présentant une morbidité des membres supérieurs liée à l'utilisation de drogues intraveineuses. Le recours à un entretien motivationnel par des prestataires de soins de santé a montré son efficacité pour induire un changement de comportement aboutissant à un meilleur état de santé. Cet article vise à étudier le concept et le processus de l'entretien de motivation, ainsi que son rôle dans la facilitation du changement de comportement dans le cadre de la chirurgie plastique. Méthodes: Les auteurs ont analysé les publications sur les entretiens motivationnels dans différents contextes de soins de santé. Résultats: L'entretien de motivation, tout d'abord développé dans le domaine de la psychologie, a fait la démonstration de son efficacité pour faciliter les changements de comportement dans des contextes cliniques variés, y compris de courtes rencontres cliniques. L'utilisation de l'entretien de motivation guide le patient dans son parcours à travers les stades de préparation pou un changement envers des comportements malsains. Les auteurs démontrent ces techniques dans une vidéo de formation supplémentaire. Conclusions: La technique d'entrevue motivationnelle est une méthode basée sur des faits probants pour faciliter le changement de comportement. Tous les chirurgiens plastiques devraient être préparés à utiliser cette méthode de conseils centrée sur la personne du patient en pratique clinique.

Cough syrup psychosis.

Over-the-counter medications are widely accessible and used. Cough suppressant syrups contain dextromethorphan (DM), which has the potential to be abused, with resultant psychiatric symptoms. This case report describes a young woman presenting with psychotic mania secondary to DM abuse. We also describe the treatment of this toxidrome and include the results of a literature search on this topic. The recognition of cough syrup as an agent of abuse and its toxidrome is important. This will facilitate early diagnostic clarification and promote efficient treatment strategies.

Evidence for use of mood stabilizers and anticonvulsants in the treatment of nonaffective disorders in children and adolescents.

Mood stabilizers and anticonvulsants have been frequently used to control behaviors in children and adolescent with nonaffective disorders. The purpose of this study was to review the literature to evaluate the evidence of these agents as treatment options in this subset of patients. We reviewed all the literature between 1949 and 2009 on the use of anticonvulsants and mood stabilizers in controlling severe behavior dysregulation and aggression in child and adolescent who do not meet the criteria for any mood disorder. The review revealed a total of 19 studies. Of the different mood stabilizers/anticonvulsants, both lithium and divalproex showed some promise in treating children and adolescents with nonmood disorders. Larger studies are nevertheless needed to support the ongoing use of these current anticonvulsants and mood stabilizers in children and adolescents with nonmood disorders. Also, further investigation to the potential use in the long term would need to be established, bearing in mind the balance of side effects and treatment benefit.