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1.
Polymers (Basel) ; 13(20)2021 Oct 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34685322

ABSTRACT

In this work, we present an interferometric polymer-based electro-optical device, integrated with an embedded double-monolayer graphene capacitor for biosensing applications. An external voltage across the capacitor applies an electric field to the graphene layers modifying their surface charge density and the Fermi level position in these layers. This in turn changes the electro-optic properties of the graphene layers making absorption in the waveguide tunable with external voltages. Simultaneously, it is possible to appreciate that this phenomenon contributes to the maximization of the light-graphene interaction by evanescent wave in the sensing area. As a result, it is obtained large phase changes at the output of the interferometer, as a function of small variations in the refractive index in the cladding area, which significantly increasing the sensitivity of the device. The optimum interaction length obtained was 1.24 cm considering a cladding refractive index of 1.33. An absorption change of 129 dB/mm was demonstrated. This result combined with the photonic device based on polymer technology may enable a low-cost solution for biosensing applications in Point of Care (PoC) platform.

2.
Rev. salud pública ; 22(6): e206, nov.-dic. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1341639

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar el impacto de la contaminación del aire por material particulado PM2,5 y su relación con el número de asistencias a entidades de salud por enfermedades respiratorias por medio de analítica de datos. Métodos Se analizaron datos del Área Metropolitana de Medellín, Colombia, ciudad ubicada en un valle estrecho densamente poblado e industrializado y que ha presentado episodios críticos de contaminación en los últimos años. Se analizaron tres fuentes de datos: datos meteorológicos aportados por el SIATA (Sistema de Alerta Temprana de Medellín y el Valle de Aburrá); datos de contaminación por material particulado PM2,5 aportados por SIATA; y reportes de los RIPS (Registros Individuales de Prestación de Servicios de Salud) aportados por la Secretaría de Salud. Resultados Se evidenció la relación entre la concentración de PM2,5 con las asistencias médicas por los diagnósticos de IRA, EPOC y asma. En un episodio crítico de contaminación por PM2,5, se encontraron los siguientes retardos en la atención médica: entre 0 y 2 días para el IRA, 0 y 7 días para el EPOC y 0 y 5 días para el asma. Discusión Se encontraron coeficientes de correlación que evidencian la asociación de la concentración de PM2,5 con las asistencias por los diagnósticos de IRA, EPOC y asma. La mayor correlación entre las tres morbilidades se presentó para el asma. La variable meteorológica de mayor correlación con la variable objetivo es la temperatura del aire para el caso de EPOC y asma. En el caso de IRA, la variable con mayor correlación es la velocidad del viento. Por otro lado, el día de la semana es una variable de gran importancia a la hora de realizar un estudio de atenciones por enfermedades.


ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the impact of air pollution by PM2,5 particulate matter and its relationship with the number of attendances to health entities for respiratory diseases through data analytics. Methods Data from the Metropolitan Area of Medellín, Colombia, a city located in a densely populated and industrialized narrow valley and that has presented critical episodes of contamination in recent years, were analyzed. Three data sources were analyzed: meteorological data provided by SIATA (Early Warning System of Medellín and the Aburra Valley), PM2,5 particulate matter contamination data provided by SIATA, and RIPS reports (Individual Registers for the Provision of Health Services) provided by the health department. Results The relationship between the concentration of PM2,5 and medical care for the diagnoses of ARI, COPD and asthma was evidenced. In a critical episode of PM2,5 contamination, the following delays in medical care were found: between 0-2 days for IRA, 0-7 days for COPD, and 0-5 days for asthma. Discussion Correlation coefficients were found that show the association of the concentration of PM2,5 with the attendances for the diagnoses of ARI, COPD, and asthma. The highest correlation between the three morbidities was found for asthma. The meteorological variable with the highest correlation with the objective variable is air temperature in the case of COPD and asthma. In the case of IRA, the variable with the highest correlation is wind speed. On the other hand, the day of the week is a variable of great importance when carrying out a study of care for diseases.

3.
Rev Salud Publica (Bogota) ; 22(6): 609-617, 2020 11 01.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36753079

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the impact of air pollution by PM2,5 particulate matter and its relationship with the number of attendances to health entities for respiratory diseases through data analytics. METHODS: Data from the Metropolitan Area of Medellín, Colombia, a city located in a densely populated and industrialized narrow valley and that has presented critical episodes of contamination in recent years, were analyzed. Three data sources were analyzed: meteorological data provided by SIATA (Early Warning System of Medellín and the Aburra Valley), PM2,5 particulate matter contamination data provided by SIATA, and RIPS reports (Individual Registers for the Provision of Health Services) provided by the health department. RESULTS: The relationship between the concentration of PM2,5 and medical care for the diagnoses of ARI, COPD and asthma was evidenced. In a critical episode of PM2,5 contamination, the following delays in medical care were found: between 0-2 days for IRA, 0-7 days for COPD, and 0-5 days for asthma. DISCUSSION: Correlation coefficients were found that show the association of the concentration of PM2,5 with the attendances for the diagnoses of ARI, COPD, and asthma. The highest correlation between the three morbidities was found for asthma. The meteorological variable with the highest correlation with the objective variable is air temperature in the case of COPD and asthma. In the case of IRA, the variable with the highest correlation is wind speed. On the other hand, the day of the week is a variable of great importance when carrying out a study of care for diseases.


OBJETIVO: Analizar el impacto de la contaminación del aire por material particulado PM2,5 y su relación con el número de asistencias a entidades de salud por enfermedades respiratorias por medio de analítica de datos. MÉTODOS: Se analizaron datos del Área Metropolitana de Medellín, Colombia, ciudad ubicada en un valle estrecho densamente poblado e industrializado y que ha presentado episodios críticos de contaminación en los últimos años. Se analizaron tres fuentes de datos: datos meteorológicos aportados por el SIATA (Sistema de Alerta Temprana de Medellín y el Valle de Aburrá); datos de contaminación por material particulado PM2,5 aportados por SIATA; y reportes de los RIPS (Registros Individuales de Prestación de Servicios de Salud) aportados por la Secretaría de Salud. RESULTADOS: Se evidenció la relación entre la concentración de PM2,5 con las asistencias médicas por los diagnósticos de IRA, EPOC y asma. En un episodio crítico de contaminación por PM2,5, se encontraron los siguientes retardos en la atención médica: entre 0 y 2 días para el IRA, 0 y 7 días para el EPOC y 0 y 5 días para el asma. DISCUSIÓN: Se encontraron coeficientes de correlación que evidencian la asociación de la concentración de PM2,5 con las asistencias por los diagnósticos de IRA, EPOC y asma. La mayor correlación entre las tres morbilidades se presentó para el asma. La variable meteorológica de mayor correlación con la variable objetivo es la temperatura del aire para el caso de EPOC y asma. En el caso de IRA, la variable con mayor correlación es la velocidad del viento. Por otro lado, el día de la semana es una variable de gran importancia a la hora de realizar un estudio de atenciones por enfermedades.


Subject(s)
Air Pollutants , Air Pollution , Asthma , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Humans , Air Pollutants/adverse effects , Air Pollutants/analysis , Public Health , Incidence , Colombia/epidemiology , Data Science , Environmental Monitoring , Air Pollution/adverse effects , Air Pollution/analysis , Particulate Matter/adverse effects , Particulate Matter/analysis , Asthma/epidemiology , Asthma/etiology
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