ABSTRACT
In 41 preterm neonates with a gestational age (GA) varying from 27 to 36 weeks, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was measured by means of the continuous inulin infusion technique. The reliability of the technique was confirmed. During postnatal development GFR was found to increase in two ways: firstly, an increase with advancing gestational age, associated with the increase in body weight (BW) [GFR (ml/min) = 0.15 X GA-3.20, r = 0.48, P = 0.0048]; secondly, a postnatal increase, being independent from increment in BW. An increase in GFR (ml/min.kg) from 0.88 +/- 0.23 to 1.18 +/- 0.28 was observed between day 4 and day 11 postnatally (P less than 0.008). This latter increase is probably associated with changes in renal haemodynamics. No significant influence of artificial ventilation on GFR could be demonstrated in preterm neonates.
Subject(s)
Glomerular Filtration Rate , Infant, Premature/physiology , Age Factors , Birth Weight , Gestational Age , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Inulin , Respiration, ArtificialABSTRACT
The effects of colestipol hydrochloride on serum lipoprotein lipid and apolipoprotein B and A-I concentrations in children heterozygous for familial hypercholesterolemia. Acta Paediatr Scand, 72:81, 1983.--Colestipol hydrochloride was administered to 28 children with familial hypercholesterolemia type II-A, and its effects on serum lipoproteins were tested against a placebo in a cross-over design. All children consumed a diet low in cholesterol and high in linoleic acid. Colestipol therapy resulted in a 15.7% decrease in serum very low plus low density lipoproteins and in a 13.5% decrease in serum apolipoprotein B. High density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum apolipoprotein A-I and serum triglycerides remained unaltered.
Subject(s)
Apolipoproteins/blood , Colestipol/therapeutic use , Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/blood , Lipoproteins/blood , Polyamines/therapeutic use , Adolescent , Apolipoprotein A-I , Apolipoproteins B , Child , Cholesterol/blood , Clinical Trials as Topic , Female , Heterozygote , Humans , Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/drug therapy , Male , Triglycerides/bloodABSTRACT
The effect of a virtually cholesterol-free, high-linoleic-acid vegetarian diet and a high-linoleic-acid "normal" diet with a moderate cholesterol content was tested in 39 children heterozygote for hypercholesterolemia type II-A. The diets were administered in an outpatient cross-over design of two periods of 10 weeks each and the serum lipoproteins were analyzed at the end of the two 10-week periods. The vegetarian diet induced a decrease in serum concentrations of LDL-II total and free cholesterol and of apo-B, by an average of 10%, whereas HDL cholesterol and apo-A-I decreased by 4%. The disproportionately large change in LDL compared to the small change in HDL was interpreted as an antiatherogenic effect of the vegetarian diet.
Subject(s)
Diet, Vegetarian , Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/blood , Lipoproteins/blood , Adolescent , Apolipoproteins/blood , Child , Child, Preschool , Cholesterol/metabolism , Cholesterol, Dietary/administration & dosage , Dietary Fats/administration & dosage , Humans , Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II/diet therapy , Linoleic Acid , Linoleic Acids/administration & dosageABSTRACT
The effect of oral calcium carbonate on serum lipoprotein concentrations was tested in 50 children with familial hypercholesterolemia (type II-A) consuming a low cholesterol high polyunsaturated fat diet, using a cross-over design versus a placebo. Cholesterol was measured in serum and in the individual lipoprotein density classes. Serum apolipoprotein B (the protein moiety of low density lipoprotein) and apolipoprotein A-I (the main protein of high density lipoprotein) were measured by specific immunoassays. Calcium carbonate treatment induced only a slight increase in serum apolipoprotein A-I (+ 4%) and a slight decrease in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (-4%), both changes being significant at the P = 0.05 level.
