ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder which may lead to various complications, the important being dyslipidemia leading to Coronary Heart Disorders (CHD), the major cause for morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Diabetes Mellitus could be treated by nutritional therapy/drug therapy and others. But the drug therapy would have its own limitations and side effects. To overcome from this an herbal extract is recommended, such as Diallyl Disulphide (DADS) a principle compound of Garlic oil. AIM: To assess the hypolipidemic effect of Diallyl Disulphide (DADS) in alloxan induced diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Healthy adult wistar strain male albino rats weighing around 100-150 grams were randomly selected from the animal house at BLDE University's Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Bijapur, India. Diabetes was induced using alloxan and was treated with DADS. After a stipulated time the rats were anesthetised and sacrificed to collect the blood and liver tissue. Various Lipid parameters, HMG CoA Reductase, Fecal bile acids were estimated in the blood, feces and homogenised liver tissue using standard procedures. STATISCAL ANALYSIS: One-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc t-test is done. RESULT: There was significant decrease in the blood and liver tissue lipid parameters of DADS treated alloxan induced diabetic rats when compared to the alloxan induced diabetic rats. CONCLUSION: From this study it can be concluded that the DADS a principle compound of garlic, definitely has the hypolipidemic effect in diabetic rats, which is reducing the morbidity in diabetic cases due to dyslipidemia without the adverse effects.
ABSTRACT
Oxygen free radicals have been implicated in the long-term complications of maintenance haemodialysis. Studies that have probed into the mechanisms of oxygen radical production have implicated the bio-incompatibility of dialysis membranes. Changes between the arterial (inlet) and venous (outlet) points of a dialyser may give a better picture of blood membrane interaction. There are very few studies on changes across the dialyser. Hence, it was planned to study the immediate changes that occur due to passage of blood through the dialyser. Changes between the arterial and venous ends of the dialyser after 1 h of dialysis were studied in four combinations of dialysate and membrane. There was a significant decrease in plasma vitamin E concentrations in all the groups during first-use dialysis. This was not observed with re-use dialysis. A decrease in plasma lipid peroxides was also observed in all the groups with both first and re-use dialysis. There was no significant difference in the parameters studied among the four types of dialysis. A less severe, reactive oxygen radical generation was observed with re-use of membranes.
Subject(s)
Lipid Peroxides/blood , Oxidative Stress , Renal Dialysis , Adult , Biocompatible Materials , Cellulose/analogs & derivatives , Creatinine/urine , Humans , Membranes, Artificial , Polymers , Renal Dialysis/adverse effects , Sulfones , Time Factors , Urea/blood , Vitamin A/blood , Vitamin E/bloodABSTRACT
Oxidative stress is likely to be involved in the development of complications due to haemodialysis. Though there is evidence for production of oxygen free radicals during haemodialysis, reports on net oxidative imbalance due to a single dialysis session are conflicting. Hence, a time-course analysis of changes in lipid peroxides (LPO) along with antioxidant enzymes and vitamins was carried out. Hourly changes in LPO and antioxidants were studied during a first-use cuprophan membrane and acetate dialysis in 20 patients on regular haemodialysis treatment. Data were corrected for haemoconcentration and standardised to measure the rate of change before statistical evaluation using analysis of variance for repeated measures. The results of the study showed a net oxidative stress due to a single dialysis session in the form of increased plasma and erythrocyte lipid peroxidation, decrease in plasma vitamin E, slight increase in plasma superoxide dismutase and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase and no change in plasma glutathione peroxidase. erythrocyte superoxide dismutase and plasma vitamin A levels. The oxygen radical production was found to be maximum in the first hour of dialysis.
Subject(s)
Cellulose/analogs & derivatives , Kidney Failure, Chronic/metabolism , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Renal Dialysis , Adult , Creatinine/urine , Erythrocytes/metabolism , Female , Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism , Humans , Lipid Peroxides/metabolism , Male , Membranes, Artificial , Superoxide Dismutase/blood , Superoxides/metabolism , Urea/blood , Vitamin A/blood , Vitamin E/bloodABSTRACT
Ehrlich's test, serum mucoproproteins, phosphohexoisomerase (PHI), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were studied in patients with cancer and age matched controls. All parameters studied were found to be significantly increased in cancer. Evaluation of Ehrlich's test, PHI and LDH for their validity as screening tests revealed that Ehrlich's test is better suited as a screening test for cancer. A positive correlation observed in the study between serum mucoproteins and Ehrlich's test strengthens the postulation that mucoproteins are responsible for the colour development in Ehrlich's test.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/blood , Neoplasms/diagnosis , Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase/blood , Humans , Indicators and Reagents , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood , Mucoproteins/blood , Neoplasms/blood , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Serum lipid peroxide levels were estimated in 205 healthy human subjects. The serum lipid peroxide levels in terms of malondialdehyde/ml was 1.47 nmol in male subjects with 11-20 years and which rose to a peak 2.97 in subjects with 51-60 years. Male subjects exhibited significantly higher (P less than 0.01) values as compared to female subjects in whom this increase with age was not observed.
