Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus/economics , Health Care Costs , Hospitalization/economics , Adult , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Togo/epidemiologyABSTRACT
This prospective cross-sectional study was designed to determine the frequency and impact of hemoglobinopathies in rheumatology clinic patients in Lomé (Togo). Among the 405 study patients, 142 (35%) had an abnormal hemoglobin, 22% had hemoglobin S, and 16.8% had hemoglobin C. Sickle cell anemia and sickle cell-hemoglobin C disease (2% and 4.2% of patients respectively) were associated with vasoocclusive crises and necrosis of the femoral head. Presence of AS or AC (heterozygotic forms of hemoglobins S and C) was found in 15.8% and 12.1% of patients, respectively. These proportions were similar to those reported in the population at large. Presence of AS or AC had no detectable influence on degenerative spinal disease, osteoarthritis of the knee, tendinitis or inflammatory joint diseases. Our data suggest that presence of AS or AC has no adverse significance and should be disregarded when evaluating patients with musculoskeletal symptoms.
Subject(s)
Hemoglobin C , Hemoglobin, Sickle , Hemoglobinopathies/complications , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Anemia, Sickle Cell/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hemoglobin C Disease/epidemiology , Hemoglobinopathies/epidemiology , Heterozygote , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Togo/epidemiologySubject(s)
HIV Infections/complications , HIV-1 , Rheumatic Diseases/virology , Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Prospective Studies , Rheumatic Diseases/epidemiology , Togo/epidemiologyABSTRACT
A retrospective study was conducted to determine the relative incidence and characteristics of the different forms of coxofemoral disease encountered in a hospital rheumatology clinic in Lomé (Togo). Hemoglobin electrophoresis was performed in all subjects included in the study. Of 2812 subjects examined over a 44-month period, 80, i.e. 2.8%, presented clinically and radiologically documented coxofemoral disease. Necrosis of the femoral head was the cause of coxofemoral disease in 36 subjects i.e. 45%, and was the most frequent etiology. In these 36 subjects hemoglobin was normal in 5 cases, type AS in 5, type AC in 1, type SS in 9, and type SC in 16. Coxarthrosis was detected in 31 subjects: either primary (n = 20) or secondary (n = 11). In this group, hemoglobin was normal in all but 3 subjects who exhibited type AS. The other etiologies observed were coxitis (n = 20) and epiphysitis (n = 3). This study documents the major role of hemoglobinopathy in the pathogenesis of coxofemoral disease in Black Africa. It confirms that AS and SC heterozygoses are not involved in the onset of aseptic necrosis.
