ABSTRACT
We develop the new Kumaraswamy Log-Logistic Weibull (KLLoGW) distribution by combining the Kumaraswamy and Log-logistic Weibull distributions. This new model is flexible for modelling lifetime data. Some statistical properties including quantile function, hazard rate function, moments and conditional moments are presented. Model parameters are estimated via the method of maximum likelihood and a Monte Carlo simulation study conducted to assess the accuracy of the estimates. Finally, the model is applied to a real dataset.
ABSTRACT
Eighteen cattle (six Bonsmara males, seven Simmanteler x Beefmaster males and five Simmanteler x Beefmaster females) were assigned to three diets containing 0% (Control), 10% and 20% Macadamia oil cake to evaluate the effects of different levels of Macadamia oilcake (MOC) on feed intake, growth performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. Differences in average feed intake were not significant (P > 0.05). Average daily gains on the 0% and 20% MOC diets were not significantly different (P < 0.05) but were significantly higher than the average gain on 10% MOC (P < 0.05). The inclusion of 20% MOC increased feed conversion ratio significantly (P < 0.05) compared with the other two treatments. The control group had significantly heavier warm carcasses than the 10% and 20% MOC groups and the 20% MOC group had significantly heavier carcasses than the 10% MOC group. The inclusion of MOC did not significantly affect the dressing percentage and conformation scores of the animals (P > 0.05). There were no condemned livers, suggesting that either there were no toxic factors in the feed or, even if present, were probably inactive in the liver.
Subject(s)
Animal Feed , Cattle/growth & development , Macadamia/chemistry , Plant Oils/pharmacology , Weight Gain/drug effects , Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Animals , Body Composition/drug effects , Body Composition/physiology , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Male , Plant Oils/administration & dosage , Random Allocation , Weight Gain/physiologyABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the breast-feeding and weaning practices of mothers and the nutritional status of infants in the Vhembe District of Limpopo Province.Design: A descriptive and exploratory study was done. A sample of 185 mothers with 185 infants 12 months and younger was selected from five primary healthcare clinics. A validated questionnaire; which consisted of questions relating to demographic data; breast-feeding and weaning practices; was used. The weight and length measurements of the infants were taken.Results: The majority (97) of the mothers were still breast-feeding at the time of the interviews. Only 7;6practised exclusive breastfeeding;however; while 43;2had introduced solid foods at three months and 15before two months. The weaning food given by most of the mothers was maize-meal soft porridge and had been introduced before four months of age. The Z-score classification was used and showed that stunting (18;9); underweight (7) and wasting (7) were present among the infants but that only wasting was found to be a disorder of public-health significance.The nutritional status of the infants was therefore not significantly influenced by the breast-feeding and weaning practices of the mothers or other demographic parameters.Conclusion: Breast-feeding was still practised by many of the mothers but exclusive breast-feeding was rare
