Inicio de diálisis tras trasplante renal. ¿Se empieza en peor situación que la de los enfermos renales de novo? / Dialysis after kidney transplant failure: do patients start in a worse condition than the general population with chronic kidney disease?

Introducción: Los pacientes trasplantados renales con disfunción crónica del injerto que precisan reinicio de diálisis constituyen un grupo cada día más prevalente, con características especiales que los diferencia de la población general con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC). El objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar y comparar la situación clínica al inicio de diálisis y su evolución en el primer año endos grupos de enfermos, trasplantados y no trasplantados, de acuerdo con los criterios fijados en las guías K/DOQI. Asimismo, se estudia si la modalidad de terapia renal sustitutiva (TRS) escogida a su retorno a diálisis pudiera condicionar una mejoría clínica de los pacientes trasplantados. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo y observacional en 106 enfermos con ERC estadio 5 seguidos en el Hospital Ramón y Cajal. Dichos enfermos fueron divididos en dos grupos. El primero estaba formado por 50 enfermos con ERC de riñones nativos que comenzaron tratamiento con diálisis entre los años 2000 y 2009. El segundo grupo estaba constituido por 56 enfermos trasplantados con disfunción del injerto que precisaron retorno a diálisis entre los años 1997 y 2009. Se recogieron parámetros de anemia, función renal, metabolismo calcio-fósforo, factores de riesgo cardiovascular y estado nutricional en el momento de comenzar tratamiento con diálisis y un año después. Resultados: Al inicio de diálisis ambos grupos presentan valores similares en los parámetros analizados con excepción (..) (AU)

Background: Patients with renal graft dysfunction constitute an increasingly prevalent group of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients that require dialysis therapy. These patients have special characteristics that set them apart from the ESKD general population. The aim of this study was to analyse the clinical condition and evolution of patients entering dialysis with a failed kidney graft at the time of restarting dialysis and over a year of therapy according to the K/DOQI guidelines, and to compare them with incidental patients with end-stage kidney disease. We also investigated whether the modality of kidney replacement therapy may determine the clinical improvement of transplant patients. Material and Method: This is a retrospective observational study of 106 patients with ESKD followed up in the Ramon y Cajal Hospital. They were classified in two groups. Group one was made up of 50 failed native kidney patients who started dialysis between 2000and 2009. Group two was comprised of 56 transplant patients with graft dysfunction who returned to dialysis between 1997 and 2009. We studied parameters of kidney (..) (AU)

Dialysis after kidney transplant failure: do patients start in a worse condition than the general population with chronic kidney disease?

BACKGROUND: Patients with renal graft dysfunction constitute an increasingly prevalent group of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients that require dialysis therapy. These patients have special characteristics that set them apart from the ESKD general population. The aim of this study was to analyse the clinical condition and evolution of patients entering dialysis with a failed kidney graft at the time of restarting dialysis and over a year of therapy according to the K/DOQI guidelines, and to compare them with incidental patients with end-stage kidney disease. We also investigated whether the modality of kidney replacement therapy may determine the clinical improvement of transplant patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This is a retrospective observational study of 106 patients with ESKD followed up in the Ramon y Cajal Hospital. They were classified in two groups. Group one was made up of 50 failed native kidney patients who started dialysis between 2000 and 2009. Group two was comprised of 56 transplant patients with graft dysfunction who returned to dialysis between 1997 and 2009. We studied parameters of kidney function, anaemia, calcium-phosphorus metabolism, cardiovascular risk factors and nutritional status at the time both groups started on dialysis and one year later. RESULTS: Both groups had a similar clinical status at the time they started on dialysis in most of the parameters analysed with the exception of anaemia. This was more severe in transplant patients, despite the fact that transplant patients received a higher dose of erythropoietin than non-transplant patients. One year later the main difference between both groups was the residual kidney function rate, higher in non-transplant patients. There were no significant differences in the parameters analysed in patients with a failed graft according to the modality of kidney replacement therapy. CONCLUSION: Failed transplant patients start dialysis with more severe anaemia than patients entering dialysis for the first time. Twelve months later both groups present a similar clinical condition with the exception of residual kidney function, higher in failed native kidney patients. The method of dialysis treatment after kidney transplant failure did not have a bearing on the clinical improvement of our patients.