Influential Factors in Buccal and Lingual Plate Perforation around Dental Implants Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography.

This study determined the influential factors in buccal and lingual plate perforation around dental implants using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, CBCT scans of dental implants taken for purposes not related to this study from 2017 to 2018 were retrieved from the archives of a private dental clinic. Demographic information, implant site, length, diameter, shape, and angulation, buccal and lingual plate thickness, buccolingual diameter of bone, and presence of crestal bone resorption were all assessed on CBCT scans. Data were analyzed using chi-squared, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and independent t-tests. Of 604 implants, 88 had caused bone perforation in 41 females (46.6%) and 47 males (53.4%) with a mean age of 54.97 ± 13.99 years; 83% of perforations were in the maxilla; 55.7% of implants causing perforation were cylindrical and 44.3% were conical. The mean length and diameter of implants was 11.78 ± 1.91 mm, and 4.49 ± 0.76 mm, respectively; 38.9% of perforations were in the buccal and 18.2% in the lingual plate, and 42% were in the apical region. Crestal bone loss was noted in 58% of perforation cases. The mean angular deviation of implants was 19.13 ± 12.41°. Implant length and diameter had a significant association with the occurrence of perforation in the mandible (P < 0.05). Perforations had a higher frequency in the posterior maxilla, and mainly in the apical region. The buccal plate was thin in the anterior maxilla, with minimum thickness in the apical region. Lingual plate perforation had the highest frequency in the mandible.

Quantitative Evaluation of Bone-Related Factors at the Implant Site by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography.

OBJECTIVES: Dental implant is a commonly used treatment modality for replacement of the missing teeth. The aim of the present study was to evaluate a number of bone-related factors at the implant site preoperatively by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 400 implant sites were evaluated on CBCT images. The height, width, angle of residual ridge, thickness of cortical bone crest, and the ridge concavity were evaluated on cross sectional images at four regions: the anterior maxilla, anterior mandible, posterior maxilla, and posterior mandible. RESULTS: The highest thickness of cortical bone was observed in posterior mandible followed by anterior mandible, anterior maxilla, and posterior maxilla. In the mandible, the mean buccal concavity was higher in the anterior than in the posterior region (P = 0.0094). The measurements indicated that in both the maxilla (P = 0.0256) and mandible (P < 0.0001), the residual ridge width was lower in the anterior than in the posterior region; while the height of the residual ridge was higher in the anterior than in the posterior region in the mandible (P < 0.0001). In the maxilla, the remaining ridge angle in the anterior region was greater than that in the posterior region (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Anatomical variations detected on CBCT results in personalized treatment planning considering best site and the best fixture in terms of size and position prior to implant fixture insertion.