[Valve prosthesis in the surgical treatment of acquired heart defects]. / Protezirovanie klapanov v khirurgicheskom lechenii priobretennykh porokov serdtsa.

The authors describe their experience with cardiac valve prostheses in 2446 patients with acquired heart diseases and hospital mortality of 21.7%. The surgical methods and the tactics in concomitant diseases are described. The methods of plastic operations on the tricuspid valve are presented. Late results of prostheses of the cardiac valve were studied in 1594 patients. Good late results were recorded in 65.9% of cases, satisfactory in 17.1%, unsatisfactory in 4.3%. The late mortality was 12.7%. Analysis of the late complications is given and the ways for increasing the efficacy of cardiac valve prostheses are suggested.

[Late results of mitral commissurotomies]. / Otdalennye rezul'taty mitral'nykh komissurotomii.

The late results of 1,205 operations for mitral commissurotomy were studied. The investigation embraced 88.3% of patients discharged from the clinic after surgery. The follow-up period was 8 years and 9 months on average. The late postoperative result was good in 47%, satisfactory in 26.4%, and poor in 16.4% of patients. Late mortality was 10.2%; 75% of patients were alive 15 years after the operation. The effect of the stage of the disease, the volume of the reverse blood flow on the mitral valve and the presence and extent of its calcification on the late results of the operation was studied. Longterm follow-up testifies to the high efficacy of closed mitral commissurotomy.

[Risk factors in aortic valve prosthesis]. / Faktory riska protezirovaniia aortal'nogo klapana

The paper is devoted to the determination of the prognostic value of preoperative and intraoperative symptoms observed in aortic valve prosthetic replacement, as well as to the development of a quantitative criterion of the severity of the patient's state for the evaluation of the risk factor of surgery. The peculiarities of the clinical pattern were analysed in 117 patients operated on for aortic valve pathology. The computerization of the assessment of individual symptoms and their combinations (36 symptoms, 114 signs pertaining to the patient's history, objective, instrumental and radio-surgical examinations) was carried out on the "Minsk-22" computer. The leading factors in the assessment of cardiovascular lesions include the systolic and diastolic pressure, the degree of heart size enlargement, the end diastolic pressure in the left ventricle. Among the independent factors, of greatest prognostic value are the degree of calcification of the aortic valve cusps, the duration of the disease, and the period after the onset of subjective symptoms. The duration of the operative procedure and of the perfusion serves as an additional valuable guideline in making the prognosis of aortic valve replacement.

["Tracking" the magnitude of arterial pressure in the circulatory system]. / "Slezhenie" za velichinoi arterial'nogo davleniia v sisteme krovoobrashcheniia

Steady--state characteristics of arterial and venous pressure, cardiac output, total peripheral resistance, heart rate, and pumping heart capacity depending on blood volume change were studied in dogs under conditons of rest, exercises, light and deep narcosis. The tracking mean arterial pressure was found to be the main principle of hemodynamic regulation. In unanesthetized animals the tracking is based on heart regulation component mainly, while under light narcosis it is the vascular component. In deep narcosis it is the suppressed tracking principle: arterial pressure change is proportional to blood volume changes.