Key Factors to Attract More U.S. Diagnostic Radiology Residents into the Field of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging: A National Survey.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To understand the current state of radiology residents' exposure to nuclear medicine and molecular imaging (NM/MI), determine key factors that may attract more trainees into the field, and identify differentiating aspects between those specializing in NM/MI and those who are not. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An anonymous web-based survey was sent to contacts at all diagnostic radiology residency programs in the United States for dissemination to their residents, collecting information about trainees' NM/MI exposure during residency and factors that may attract them to NM/MI. RESULTS: A total of 198 trainees responded to the survey, 34 of whom plan on pursuing a career in NM/MI. Most trainees reported early exposure to NM/MI during residency; most (97.4%) reported ample exposure to general NM/MI and oncologic studies. Less than 3% of trainees reported adequate exposure to therapies, neurological applications, molecular imaging/research advances, and physics. Respondents reported a need for better quality education (38.9%) and exposure to mentors (28.8%) as ways to attract trainees to NM/MI. Routinely encountered clinical pathology was the most interesting for those specializing in NM/MI (29.4%), whereas lifestyle was the most attractive aspect of NM/MI for those not pursuing a career in the field (27.4%). NM/MI-associated research was the least attractive for those specializing in NM/MI (35.3%), while job market concerns was the least attractive aspect for those not specializing in NM/MI (37.2%). Trainees planning to specialize in NM/MI reported higher satisfaction with their orientation to NM/MI during their first clinical rotation compared to those who do not plan to specialize in the field (3.03/5.00 and 2.67/5.00, respectively, p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: This survey highlights several factors that training programs and national societies can target to improve interest in NM/MI among radiology residents. We found that optimized education initiatives, including improved orientation to the field, increased mentoring, and career opportunities are essential levers for recruiting radiology trainees into the NM/MI workforce.

US Trainee and Faculty Perspectives on Exposure to Nuclear Medicine/Molecular Imaging During Medical School.

PURPOSE: (1) To identify key factors, especially during medical school, driving trainees to pursue nuclear medicine/molecular imaging (NM/MI) as a career. (2) To understand the current state of medical student exposure to NM/MI. METHODS: We disseminated 2 surveys by email. The first surveyed NM/MI trainees about motivations for choosing the specialty. The second survey was sent to US medical school faculty responsible for student education and NM/MI residency program directors to gauge the current state of NM/MI didactics at their institution. RESULTS: Seventy-eight trainees and 44 faculty responded. Most trainees reported becoming first interested in NM/MI after medical school (80%, 56/70). Trainees reported little NM/MI exposure during medical school (65%, 49/75), despite faculty reporting that they provide NM/MI didactics (76%, 32/42, P = 0.005). Imaging clerkships, research, and mentorship experiences were important influences for trainee's specialty choice. Most respondents thought that NM/MI should be pursued in conjunction with Diagnostic Radiology training (trainees 67%, 45/69; faculty 80%, 32/40). CONCLUSION: Survey results highlight the need to improve medical student engagement in NM/MI. It also identified factors that motivate current NM/MI trainees to enter the field and highlight a potential opportunity to increase medical student exposure to NM/MI. Targets for curricular and extra-curricular development that may increase effective NM/MI exposure during medical school were identified to guide future outreach efforts.