[Shengjing tablets for semen non-liquefaction: a clinical study of 100 cases].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and action mechanism of Shengjing Tablets in the treatment liquefaction. METHODS: We randomly assigned 150 patients with semen non-liquefaction to receive Shengjing Tablets group, n = 100) and vitamin E capsules (control group, n = 50) for 2 courses of 45 days each, followed by observation liquefaction time and other semen parameters. RESULTS: After the first course, 68 of the patients in the treatment group 20 responded and 12 failed to respond; and after the second course, 84 were cured, 9 responded and 7 failed to respond, effective rate of 93.0%. In comparison, only 8 of the controls were cured, 8 responded and 34 failed to respond after medication. There were statistically significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, the treatment showed obvious improvement in sperm motility and concentration. CONCLUSION: Shengjing Tablets may shorten the time liquefaction, and can be used as a safe and effective therapy for semen non-liquefaction.

Spatial estimation of antibiotic residues in surface soils in a typical intensive vegetable cultivation area in China.

Antibiotic residues in surface soils can lead to serious health risks and ecological hazards. Spatial mean concentration of antibiotic residues in the soil is the most important indicator of a region's environmental risk to antibiotic residues. Considerable estimation error would lead to an inefficient strategy of pollution control that happens when sample size is small and the estimation model does not match the spatial features of the object to be surveyed. On the basis of the available datasets, it was found that the distribution of antibiotics residue in soil follows a spatial stratification pattern. Accordingly, we used a new spatial estimation method called Mean of Surface with Non-homogeneity (MSN) to estimate antibiotic concentrations in surface soil of the Shandong Province, an important vegetable growing region in China. The standard error of the mean estimates obtained by MSN was significantly smaller (by about 1.02-6.82 µg/kg) than the estimation errors produced by three mainstream methods, simple arithmetic estimation (2.9-11.8 µg/kg), stratified estimation (2.5-10.6 µg/kg) and ordinary kriging estimation (2.2-8.2 µg/kg).