ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To analyze rubella retinopathy qualitatively and quantitatively in children diagnosed with congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) using a handheld spectral-domain (SD) OCT device. DESIGN: Prospective, cross-sectional, nonrandomized, comparative observational study in a tertiary eye care center in south India. PARTICIPANTS: Cases comprised 24 eyes of 13 children diagnosed with CRS based on seropositivity with rubella retinopathy. Controls comprised 26 eyes of 13 age-matched healthy children with normal retina. METHODS: All participants underwent retinal imaging with RetCam fundus photography (Natus Medical Inc, Pleasanton, CA) and handheld SD OCT (Bioptigen, Inc., Durham, NC). The SD OCT images of both cases and controls were segmented. Retinal and choroid thickness parameters were computed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Qualitative and quantitative changes were observed in SD OCT images of rubella retinopathy compared with those from controls. RESULTS: Characteristic salt-and-pepper appearance was observed on fundus photography in children with rubella compared with the healthy children. The appearance of fovea and retinal features such as foveal dip, external limiting membrane, inner segment-outer segment boundary, outer segment-retinal pigment epithelium boundary, and retinal pigment epithelium were significantly different (P < 0.05) in eyes with rubella retinopathy compared with healthy eyes Furthermore, eyes with rubella retinopathy exhibited significantly reduced central foveal thickness (P = 0.025), subfoveal outer retinal thickness (P = 0.01), and subfoveal choroid thickness (P = 0.007) compared with healthy eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Distinct qualitative and quantitative differences were observed in the SD OCT images of eyes with rubella retinopathy compared with those from healthy eyes.
ABSTRACT
In this report, we describe the management of a child with bilateral cataract, nystagmus, and comitant sensory esotropia. Routine ultrasonography done before cataract surgery revealed bilateral disc edema confirmed as idiopathic intracranial hypertension by a pediatric neurologist. The primary intervention for cataract surgery was followed by nonresolving papilledema, despite maximum medical therapy. To salvage the optic nerve function in a nonverbal child, bilateral optic nerve sheath decompression was planned with simultaneous medial rectus recessions for the persistent esotropia with the satisfactory postoperative outcome.
Subject(s)
Cataract/congenital , Esotropia/complications , Oculomotor Muscles/physiopathology , Pseudotumor Cerebri/complications , Vision, Binocular , Cataract/complications , Cataract Extraction , Decompression, Surgical/methods , Esotropia/diagnosis , Esotropia/physiopathology , Female , Humans , Infant , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Optic Disk/diagnostic imaging , Pseudotumor Cerebri/diagnosis , Pseudotumor Cerebri/surgery , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease. It is clinically characterized by four major features; blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus, and telecanthus. We report a case of a 1-year-old female with BPES with unilateral anterior persistent fetal vasculature (PFV). On examination, she was found to have all the clinical features of BPES, along with calcified and partially absorbed cataract with elongated ciliary processes in her left eye. B-scan of left eye showed attached retina with no evidence of posterior PFV. Systemic examination was normal. She underwent cataract surgery with primary posterior capsulotomy with intraocular lens implantation under general anesthesia. Literature search did not reveal any previous reports of unilateral anterior PFV and BPES. The clinical features, other associations, and the difficulties in the surgical management of this condition are discussed.
Subject(s)
Blepharophimosis/surgery , Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome/surgery , Posterior Capsulotomy/methods , Skin Abnormalities/surgery , Urogenital Abnormalities/surgery , Vitrectomy/methods , Blepharophimosis/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Infant , Persistent Fetal Circulation Syndrome/diagnosis , Skin Abnormalities/diagnosis , Urogenital Abnormalities/diagnosisABSTRACT
A 9-year-old boy presented with a posterior capsular split in the lens following a blunt ocular injury. This split was probably limited by the margins of the Weiger's ligament with opacification of the anterior vitreous face along the patellar fossa producing an appearance of posterior lenticonus.
Subject(s)
Eye Injuries/etiology , Lens Diseases/diagnosis , Ligaments , Posterior Capsular Rupture, Ocular/diagnosis , Posterior Capsule of the Lens/injuries , Wounds, Nonpenetrating/etiology , Athletic Injuries , Child , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Male , Posterior Capsular Rupture, Ocular/etiology , Posterior Capsule of the Lens/pathologyABSTRACT
Fixation-linked hypotropia, or hypotropic dissociated vertical deviation, is a rare but well-defined ocular motility disorder characterized by a slow downward drift of a poor-seeing eye when the other eye is ï¬xating on a distant target. It can be successfully treated with a large recession or recession-resection of the inferior rectus muscle. We report 3 cases of fixation-linked nondissociated hypotropia with unilateral high myopia and amblyopia presenting with intermittent hypotropia of the worse-seeing eye when the dominant eye was fixating on a distant target and a hypertropia of the dominant eye when the poorer-seeing eye was made to fix. We discuss the surgical management of one of these patients.
