[Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis--a clinical case]. / Microlitiaza alveolara pulmonara--caz clinic.

A new case of alveolar microlithiasis is reported, demanding for the diagnosis besides the radio-clinical investigations, complete respiratory function tests, also the pathologic proof. Authors recall the diagnostic approach and our present ignorance of the pathogenesis of this curious entity; no valid therapy is presently able to check the relentless course toward progressive respiratory failure.

[The immunological aspects in the HIV/AIDS-tuberculosis association in children]. / Aspecte imunologice în asocierea HIV/SIDA--tuberculoza la copil.

HIV-infected subjects are submitted to various immunity disorders, the function of immune competent cells disturbing, the most important one, resulting in severe opportunistic infections. The progressive depletion of CD4 subset of lymphocytes in HIV-infected persons is the most significant one. When HIV infection is associated to tuberculosis there is a more accelerated immune deterioration. The immunological investigation consisted in the determination of cell-mediated immune mechanisms (PPD skin testing, lymphocyte count, subsets of lymphocytes) as well as those humorally mediated (Ig classes, anti-mycobacteria antibodies).

[The late results of intensive chemotherapy (9 months) in severe forms of tuberculosis in children]. / Rezultatele tardive ale chimioterapiei intensive (9 luni) în formele grave de tuberculoza la copil.

The short-course chemotherapy (9 months) in the severe forms of tuberculosis in children is a very modern item. It was very few approached on an international level and relatively short time ago in our country. There were applied the following therapeutical regimens: 3 HRZ2 6 HR2 (in the experimental group) and 3 HR/3 HR2/6 H2 (in the control group). In the granulias and the caseous forms the late results, at 5 years after treatment end, were very good in 100% of cases in both groups. In meningitis clinical very good results (without sequellae) presented a proportion of 70.1% in the experimental group and of 68.2% in the control group (difference statistically non significant). The main advantage of the intensive short course regimens (9 months) comparatively with the "classical" ones (of at least 12 months) consists in reaching finally the same good results but in at least 3 months shorter time interval.

[Acute rhinopharyngitis, acute interstitial pneumonia and parieto-frontal brain abscess with H. influenzae type B]. / Rinofaringita acuta, pneumonie acuta interstitiala si abces cerebral parieto-frontal cu H.influenzae tip B.

The paper deals with a parietal frontal cerebral abscess caused by HITB biotype I in a girl aged 8 months. First a meningitis is suspected, then a tuberculous meningitis unsuccessfully treated with ampicillin, biseptol, respectively INH, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, prednisone, phenobarbital and chloramphenicol. The patient died through a central respiratory standstill on the 17th day of disease. The anatomopathological examinations revealed a giant parietal frontal cerebral abscess. H.influenzae, (serum type B, biotype I) resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, Kanamycin, rifampicin and tetracycline but sensitive to erythromycin and neomycin was also found. A pharyngeal infection with HITB was presumably the origin of the abscess.

[The late results of short-term chemotherapy in benign forms of tuberculosis in children]. / Rezultatele tardive ale chimioterapiei de scurta durata în formele benigne de tuberculoza la copii.

The study included 359 cases of primary tuberculosis (benign forms) in children aged 0-14 years, out of which 181 non-complicated and 178 complicated forms. The therapeutical regimens were: 3HEZ2/3HE2 (study subgroup) and 6HE2/3H2 (control) for non-complicated forms, and 3HRZ2/3HR2 (study subgroup) and 3HES2/3HE2/3H2 (control) for complicated ones. Late results (5 years after treatment end) were very good (from clinical, radiological, bacteriological points of view) in 100% of cases. Thus, short-course regimens are preferable to longer ones (over 6 months) in the chemotherapy of the benign forms of pulmonary tuberculosis in children.