ABSTRACT
Here we describe the first reported case of Nocardia beijingensis infection in the United States, made rarer by its presence in an immunocompetent patient.
Subject(s)
Nocardia Infections/diagnosis , Nocardia Infections/microbiology , Nocardia/classification , Nocardia/isolation & purification , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Humans , Male , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Middle Aged , Nocardia/drug effects , Nocardia Infections/drug therapy , Nocardia Infections/pathology , Positron-Emission Tomography , Radiography, Thoracic , Treatment Outcome , United StatesABSTRACT
Primary testicular non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a rare entity with the most common histologic subtype consisting of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Patients with primary testicular lymphoma (PTL) have a poor prognosis and a higher propensity for relapse. Also rare are composite lymphomas (CL) defined as two or more morphologically and phenotypically distinct lymphomas coexisting in a single organ or tissue. Here we present the first reported case of primary testicular composite lymphoma consisting of DLBCL and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Subject(s)
Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology , Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/pathology , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology , Testicular Neoplasms/pathology , Aged , Biopsy , Bone Marrow/pathology , Combined Modality Therapy , Diagnosis, Differential , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Immunophenotyping , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/diagnosis , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/therapy , Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/diagnosis , Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/therapy , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/diagnosis , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/therapy , Male , Positron-Emission Tomography , Testicular Neoplasms/diagnosis , Testicular Neoplasms/therapy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The introduction of new agents immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) and proteasome inhibitors has brought a major shift in therapeutic paradigm in the treatment of newly diagnosed and refractory multiple myeloma (MM). Thalidomide was the first immunomodulatory agent approved for use in myeloma. Although highly active, it is associated with considerable toxicity, particularly in older patients. Lenalidomide, an analog of thalidomide, was developed because of its more potent anti-MM activity and better toxicity profile than the parent compound. Since its introduction in 2004, lenalidomide has established a role in all phases of treatment in MM. The pleiotropic antitumor effects of lenalidomide have translated into clinical efficacy in diseases other than MM. Pomalidomide is a highly potent third-generation IMiD that shares similar pharmacologic properties as thalidomide, with very promising activity in MM and myelofibrosis. This review summarizes the mechanisms of action and clinical activity of IMiDs in MM.
Subject(s)
Immunologic Factors/therapeutic use , Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy , Humans , Multiple Myeloma/pathologySubject(s)
Chlamydia Infections/complications , Chlamydophila pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Coronary Artery Disease/etiology , Inflammation/etiology , Lipopolysaccharides/blood , Chlamydia Infections/microbiology , Coronary Artery Disease/microbiology , Disease Progression , Humans , Inflammation/microbiology , Lipopolysaccharides/analysisABSTRACT
Primary gastrointestinal (GI) lymphomas constitute 5%-10% of all gastrointestinal tumors. Involvement of the entire GI tract as multiple polypoid lesions is very rare. Multiple lymphomatous polyposis is a distinctive and rare type of malignant GI lymphoma. Multiple lymphomatous polyposis is thought to represent mantle cell lymphoma of the GI tract. Approximately 60 cases of MLP have been reported so far. We report the first case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presenting as multiple lymphomatous polyposis of the GI tract in a 49-year-old patient with HIV and describe the clinicopathologic features. The patient was treated with a combination therapy of highly active antiretroviral therapy and CHOP (cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin/vincristine/prednisone) and exhibited complete remission.
