Validating the occurrence of the giant mottled eel (Anguilla marmorata) in the Galápagos Islands.

The giant mottled eel (Anguilla marmorata) is distributed mostly in the Indo-West Pacific. However, a few records indicate the presence of this eel in the Tropical Central and East Pacific. In April 2019, an eel specimen was caught in a small stream in San Cristobal Island, Galápagos. Morphological and molecular characters (16S and Cytb mtDNA sequences) confirmed the species as A. marmorata Quoy & Gaimard, 1824. The re-discovery of A. marmorata in Galápagos supports the hypothesis of an eastward range expansion from the west, probably through the North Equatorial Counter-Current.

Complete Genome Sequences of Cluster P1 and Cluster C1 Mycobacterium smegmatis Phages Jung and Ronan.

We present the complete genome sequences of Mycobacterium smegmatis phages Jung and Ronan, isolated from soil in Las Vegas, Nevada. The phages were isolated and annotated by students enrolled in a course for undergraduate research experience (CURE). Jung is a cluster P1 mycobacteriophage, while Ronan is in cluster C1.

Aqueous extracts and oil of neem combined with neonicotinoid insecticides against Bemisia tabaci biotype B in melon

This research was aimed at evaluating nymph population density of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci biotype B) in melon plants after treatment with neem-dry-leaf aqueous extracts and neem-oil ( A. Juss.) applied alternately with neonicotinoid insecticides under field conditions. The experimental design was a randomized block, with 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were control (only water); neem-dry-leaf extract at 5 percent (neem-dry-leaf powder 50g L-1 of water); neem oil (5.0mL L-1 water); chemicals insecticides imidacloprid (30g 25L-1 of water) and acetamiprid (5g 20L-1 of water); neem-dry-leaf extract at 5 percent weekly alternated with imidacloprid (30g 25L-1 of water) and acetamiprid (5g 20L-1 of water); neem oil (5.0mL L-1 of water) weekly alternated with imidacloprid (30g 25L-1 of water) and acetamiprid (5g20 L-1 of water). The efficiency of treatments was compared through of the number of nymphs recorded in leaves of melon with 35, and 50 days after planting. The less number of nymphs was registered when the neem oil was applied alternatively with the chemical treatment with efficiency of 28.58 and 7.85 percent in the first and second evaluations, respectively. However, the nymphs incidence was higher when the neem oil and the chemical treatment were applied separately.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a densidade populacional de ninfas de mosca-branca (Bemisia tabaci biótipo B) em plantas de melão após o tratamento com extratos aquosos de folhas secas de nim e de óleo de nim (Azadiracta indica A. Juss.), aplicados alternadamente com inseticidas neonitotinóides, sob condições de campo. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com 6 tratamentos e 4 repetições. Foram utilizados os seguintes tratamentos: controle (apenas água); extrato aquoso de folhas secas de nim a 5 por cento (pó de folhas secas de nim, 50 g L-1 de água); óleo de nim (5mL L-1 de água); inseticidas químicos imidacloprid (30g 25L-1 de água) e acetamiprid (5g 20L-1 de água); extrato de folhas secas de nim a 5 por cento alternado semanalmente com imidacloprid (30g 25L-1 de água) e acetamiprid (5g 20L-1 de água); e óleo de nim (5mL L-1 de água) alternado semanalmente com imidacloprid (30g 25L-1 de água) e acetamiprid (5g 20L-1 de água). A eficiência dos tratamentos foi comparada através do número de ninfas registrado nas folhas de melão aos 35 e 50 dias após o plantio. O menor número de ninfas foi registrado quando o óleo de nim foi aplicado alternadamente com o tratamento químico, com eficiência de 28,58 e 7,85 por cento na primeira e segunda avaliações, respectivamente. No entanto, a incidência de ninfas foi maior quando o óleo e o tratamento químico foram aplicados separadamente.

On the binding capacity of peat to several metal ions of environmental and economic concern

A series of experiments was performed to characterize the metal binding properties of peat from the Jacarepagu bog and to provide basic knowledge on the sorption process. The kinetics of sorption was fast characterized by relaxation times, on the average, less than 60 min. Erichment factors taken at half saturation level ranged from 400 for zinc and cadmiun to > 2800 for gold. The results indicate that the peat from Jacarepagu can be an interesting option for the expensive conventional materials applied to recover metal ions from waste and poor mining waters.