[Practice of the use of remote telemedical consultations in "experimental area of work"].

The article presents experimental results of telehealth technology of "medical company--military hospital--central military hospital". Requirements for the equipment, which is used for telehealth consultations and software are specified. Throughout the test were practiced emergency consultations of "physician-physician" interface, including the use of mobile video call and portable terminals of videoconference, remote diagnosis with the use of medical equipment and devices. Data transmission features and video definition are received. The authors determined main types of telecommunication equipment, which are supposed to prospective for the Armed Forces. Prospects of implementation of telecommunication technologies are shown.

[The comprehensive investigation of the new psychoactive substances].

This article was designed to discuss the issues related to ensuring the methodological uniformity of investigations of the novel psychoactive substances based on the system of the newly established specialized laboratories. The authors propose the methodological approaches to the implementation of comprehensive chemical and pharmacological research including chemical, biological, and sociological studies. The main specific features of these approaches are the use of laboratory animals and the automation of in vivo experiments. Also, we discuss the use of the concrete results of the computational experiments designed to elucidate the parameters responsible for the chemical similarity of psychoactive substances. The mechanisms of their action are considered. The special emphasis is placed on the necessity of close cooperation between scientific and expert communities with a view to accumulation of the data on the newly developed and potentially harmful psychoactive substances as a basis for the efficacious prevention of their illegal trafficking.

[Morphological features of the esophagogastric transition zone at fetuses and newborns].

Morphological research of the esophagogastric transition mucosa at 35 fetuses and newborns was done. The esophagogastric transition was lined by high columnar epithelium and mucos glands. At fetuses of 22-24 week gestational age studied zone didn't have any glands. Histochemical features of the epithelium, particularly MUC5AC positive staining, corresponded to cardial type of the Barrett esophagus, defined at adults. We have revealed that mucosa of the esophagogastric transition has gastric origin and arises before birth. We found out the islets of columnar epithelium on the surface of the laminated pavement epithelium, indicated about its uneven development up to the birth. The sites of immature epithelium could be considered as transformation zones both of laminated pavement epithelium or columnar one.

[Current approaches to morphological diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases from endoscopic biopsy specimens].

Morphological diagnosis of childhood inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) from colonic biopsy specimens presents great difficulties. A definitive morphological diagnosis can be made in not more than half the patients with suspected IBD who are referred for colonoscopy. Unclassified colitis has to be diagnosed in more than 25% of cases. When this term is used, it is desirable to additionally state that the colitis cannot be classified between nonspecific ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease or the differential diagnosis should include a wider spectrum of chronic colitides. The similar situation always calls for in-depth interdisciplinary discussion and a further follow-up of the patient.

[Difficulties of morphological diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease based on the endoscopic biopsy in children].

Pathology diagnostics of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) in children on the material of colonobiopsies presents considerable difficulties. Definitive morphological diagnosis could be done probably no more than at half of the patients with suspicion on IBD. Diagnosis of unlassified colitis it is necessary to use to the diagnosis in more than 25% of cases. Whether at use of the given term it is desirable to specify in addition the impossibility to classify colitis between ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) concerns or the differential diagnosis should include wider spectrum chronic colitidies. The similar situation always demands profound interdisciplinary discussion and the subsequent dynamic follow up the patient.

[A method for assessing bacterial microflora by fluorescence in situ hybridization].

The use of current diagnostic methods in a pathologist's practice, including the assessment of the bacterial microflora by the molecular microbiological technique fluorescence in situ hybridization is important and promising. The detection of bacteria and changes in the microbial flora makes it possible to clarify the nature of found morphological changes and to expand the diagnostic value of a postmortem study.

[Effect of argon and nitrogen on the peritoneal macrophages in mice and their resistance to the UV damaging effect in vitro]. / Vliianie argona i azota na peritoneal'nye makrofagi myshei i ikh ustoichivost' k povrezhdaiushchemu vosdeistviiu UF-oblucheniia in vitro.

Explored were effects of argon and nitrogen on intracellular pH in peritoneal macrophages in mice and resistance of cellular membranes to the UV damaging effect in vitro. Blasting argon or nitrogen along the surface of cell cultures in airtight chamber for 20 minutes was shown to decrease 5-folds the oxygen content of solution as compared with initial level with culture pH unchanged. Ten-minute blasting argon or nitrogen through the incubation chamber slightly elevates intracellular pH in macrophages. The standard cell incubation conditions recovered following approximately 60 minutes in hypoxic atmosphere, the ability of macrophages to build up fluorescein was degraded and they increased intracellular pH no matter the indifferent gas yet more marked in case of nitrogen in use. It was demonstrated that the normobaric gas environment with oxygen partly replaced by nitrogen or argon protects plasmatic membranes of cells from UV-induced damage.

[The study of role of membrane-bound Ca2+ in the regulation of relationship between neuron and glia during rhythmic excitation]. / Issledovanie roli membranosviazannogo Ca2+ v reguliatsii vzaimootnoshenii neirona i glii pri ritmicheskom vozbuzhdenii.

The role of membrane-bound Ca2+ in the regulation of Ca2+ transport through voltage-gated Ca2+ channel, and NMDA-glutamate and n-acetylcholine receptors upon interaction of a neuron with glia during rhythmic excitation was studied. It was found that the redistribution and transport of Ca2+ play a crucial role in the conductance of rhythmic excitation in both a "neuron-neuron" system and the processes providing the maintenance of a stationary level of rhythmic excitation in the system "neuron-glia".

[The use of microfluorimetric analysis for the studies of the influence of changed gravity on isolated lymphocytes in the spleen of the mouse]. / Ispol'zovanie mikrofluorimetricheskogo analiza dlia izucheniia vliianiia izmenennoi sily tiazhesti na izolirovannye limfotsity selezenki myshei.

Effects of simulated changed gravity on isolated splenetic lymphocytes of mouse were evaluated with the microfluorimetic technique enabling observation of probe fluorescence in individual cells. It was stated that 5 and 60 min of clinostatting stimulated fluorochrome accumulation in cells whereas centrifugation, particularly for 60-minutes, decreased the ability of cells to accumulate fluorescein. Also, alteration of the gravity force had the opposite effect on the ability of cells to retain fluorescein. The most significant drain of the dye immediately after short hypogravity may be indicative of the functional lability of cells during clinostatting. However, as judged by slight changes in intracellular pH, metabolic and regulatory functions were not affected. Hypergravity for 15 min decreased intracellular pH. The increased period of centrifugation stabilized the parameter. Absence of changes in the proliferative activity in all the test exposures also backs up the conclusion that short-term changes in gravity do not produce any substantial shifts in the morphofunctional state of cells in vitro.

[Effect of mild-frequency ultraviolet radiation on mice splenic lymphocytes]. / Deistvie srednevolnovogo ul'trafioletovogo izlucheniia na limfotsity selezenki myshei.

Investigation of the action of mid-frequency ultraviolet radiation (302 nm) on isolated lymphocytes of mice spleen pointed out that intracellular pH of lymphocytes starts decreasing from 0.3 J/cm2. Dose rise above 2.5 J/cm2 increases the number of cells with damaged plasmatic membrane within the lymphocyte population and aggravates the ability of cells to accumulate fluorescein fluorochrome as a product of intracellular fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis.

The influence of short term gravity changes on mouse spleen lymphocytes in vitro (microfluorimetry with probes).

Despite of the great successes achieved in gravitational cell biology, problem of mechanisms underlying cell effects of gravity is far from being solved. Available data are very contradictory, because of the differences in experimental conditions: gravity value, exposition time, type of cells and other factors. Besides, there are no satisfactory methods to avoid additional influence of various biologically active factors on cells during the space experiments. It is absolutely clear, that successful development in this field may be provided only by investigations in controlled experimental conditions, including analysis of cell functional activity and state of cell regulatory systems. One of the most adequate approaches for these scientific tasks is cell microfluorimetry with using of fluorescent probes. The study of influence of short-term pattern changes in gravity (clinostation and centrifugation) on hydrolytic activity of intracellular content of mouse spleen lymphocytes, leakage of accumulated fluoresce in and intracellular pH is the goal of present research.

[The first cases of human cryptosporidiosis in Moscow]. / Pervye sluchai kriptosporidioza cheloveka v Moskve.

Feces samples received from 438 children, aged 1 month to 10 years, from Moscow who were admitted to hospital in June-August 1989 for acute intestinal disease, were examined for cryptosporidium oocysts. Cryptosporidium oocysts were found in 16 samples (8 boys and 8 girls), which accounted for 3.65%. The smears were stained by a modified Ziehl-Neelsen technique, concentration methods were not applied.

[Possibilities of cytologic and histologic methods of diagnosing flat condyloma of the cervix uteri]. / Vozmozhnosti tsitologicheskogo i gistologicheskogo metodov issledovaniia v diagnostike ploskikh kondilom sheiki matki.

A comprehensive study in 165 women has employed cytologic, colposcopic and histologic evaluation. Flat cervical condylomas were identified in 27 women (mean age, 29 years). Over 50% of these condylomas coexisted with dysplasia of various severity and 2 condylomas with squamous cell carcinoma in situ. The most reliable diagnostic techniques for flat condylomas are cytologic and histologic tests of selectively excised tissue samples.

[A new method of general anesthesia in pulmonary surgery using dalargin instead of narcotic analgesics]. / Novyi sposob obshchei anestezii pri operatsiiakh na legkikh s primeneniem dalargina vmesto narkoticheskikh anal'getikov.

Intraoperative and early postoperative parameters of the central hemodynamics, oxygen transport function and acid-base status of the blood, and blood lactic and pyruvic acid levels in patients under general anesthesia with dalargin were compared to those under traditional neuroleptic analgesia. The comparative evaluation allowed for a conclusion that general anaesthesia with dalargin provides for a reliable anesthesiological defence and exerts a lower deteriorating effect on the vessels of pulmonary circulation than traditional neuroleptic analgesia.