[Toxicological and hygienic evaluation of waste of the leading industrial branches of the Krasnoyarsk Territory]. / Toksiko-gigienicheskaia otsenka otkhodov proizvodstva vedushchikh promyshlennykh otraslei Krasnoiarskogo kraia.

Toxicological and hygienic evaluations were made of the wastes produced by aluminum-making plants and thermal power stations in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, which confirmed for the first time the environmental toxicity of ash-dump waste, derived from slicing and dusty burning of brown coals from the Kansk-Achinsk field, and nepheline slurries resulted from the processing of urthites from the Kiy-Shaltyr deposit to prepare alumina. They were found to exert a toxic effect on warm-blooded animals, to have cyto- and phytotoxicity and mutagenic activity in the Ames test. Class III hazard was established for slurries of aluminum making (nepheline and gas purifications) and Class IV hazard for ash-dump waste and coal foam flotation tailings. The study has yielded data on the high level of natural radionuclides (as high as 2 kBq/kg) in the ash slurries from in the Berezovsk brown coal field, which requires that the procedure for their controlling and handling should be determined.

Expression of cGMP-specific phosphodiesterase 9A mRNA in the rat brain.

cGMP has been implicated in the regulation of many essential functions in the brain, such as synaptic plasticity, phototransduction, olfaction, and behavioral state. Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) hydrolysis of cGMP is the major mechanism underlying the clearance of cGMP and is likely to be important in any process that depends on intracellular cGMP. PDE9A has the highest affinity for cGMP of any PDE, and here we studied the localization of this enzyme in the rat brain using in situ hybridization. PDE9A mRNA is widely distributed throughout the brain with varying regional expression. The pattern of PDE9A mRNA expression closely resembles that of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) in the rat brain, suggesting a possible functional association or coupling of these two enzymes in the regulation of cGMP levels. Most of the brain areas expressing PDE9A mRNA also contain neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS), the enzymatic source of NO and the principal activator of sGC. PDE9A is the only cGMP-specific PDE with significant expression in the forebrain, and as such is likely to play an important role in NO-cGMP signaling.

[The endogenous differentiation factor of the HL-60 cells shows a nuclease activity]. / Endogennyi faktor differentsirovki kletok linii HL-60 obladaet nukleaznoi aktivnost'iu.

A structural homology between the endogenous differentiation factor of the HL-60 cell line of promyelocyte leukemia (HLDF) and several DNA/RNA-binding and DNA/RNA-hydrolyzing proteins was revealed, and expression of the hldf gene in prokaryotic systems was studied. On the basis of these experiments, the amino acid sequence of an 8-membered fragment of HLDF with potential nuclease activity was identified. The synthetic octapeptide RRWHRLKE was shown to be capable of the cleavage of RNA, linear DNA from phage lambda, and all forms of plasmid DNA. We established that treatment of the HL-60 cell culture with this peptide (10(-6) M) results in an increase in the number of apoptotic cells and suggested that HLDF is involved in processes of apoptosis.

A novel 45 kDa secretory protein from rat olfactory epithelium: primary structure and localisation.

cDNA clones encoding the 45 kDa protein were isolated from a rat olfactory epithelium cDNA library and their inserts were sequenced. The reconstructed protein sequence comprises 400 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 46,026 Da. A homology was revealed between the amino acid sequence of the 45 kDa protein and the proteins involved in the transfer of hydrophobic ligands. Using in situ hybridisation, the 45 kDa protein mRNA expression was detected in the layer of supportive cells of olfactory epithelium, apical region of trachea, surface layer of the ciliated bronchial epithelium in lung and in skin epidermis.

[L-glutamic acid--a modulator of the physiological status of myeloid series blood cells]. / L-glutaminovaia kislota--moduliator fiziologicheskogo sostoianiia kletok krovi mieloidnogo riada.

The effects of L-glutamic acid on the differentiation of HL-60 and K-562 cell lines and on the expression level of mRNAs encoding IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF alpha were studied. It was shown that TNF alpha actively induces the differentiation of these cell lines, whereas L-glutamic acid enhances its effect. Our results indicated that L-glutamic acid modulates the physiological state of the myeloid cell line in blood, in particular, by affecting both the reception and expression of cytokines functionally important for these cells.

[Study of structure of secretory 28 kDa protein from the rat olfactory epithelium]. / Strukturnye issledovaniia sekretornogo 28-kDa belka iz oboniatel'nogo épiteliia krysy.

Clone lambda a26.1 isolated from rat olfactory epithelium contains a full-length 28-kDa protein cDNA (1414 b.p.). The reconstructed protein sequence comprises 223 aa with a calculated molecular mass of 24,630 Da. A substantial homology was revealed between the amino acid sequence of the 28-kDa protein and those of thiol-specific antioxidants (peroxiredoxines). The 28-kDa protein belongs to the 1 Cys-subfamily of peroxiredoxines and is the first member of peroxiredoxines identified in the olfactory epithelium.

[Nucleotide sequence of cDNA and organization of the gene for alpha-subunit of photoreceptor phosphodiesterase of cyclic GMP in human retinal cones]. / Nukleotidnaia posledovatel'nost' kDNK i organizatsiia gena alpha'-sub''edinitsy fotoretseptornoi fosfodiésterazy tsiklicheskogo GMP kolbochek setchatki glaza cheloveka.

Five clones were isolated from a human retina cDNA library whose cDNA inserts allowed reconstruction of the total sequence of the human clone cGMP phosphodiesterase alpha'-subunit cDNA comprising 3455 bp. The protein's deduced sequence contains 858 amino acids residues with molecular mass 99,169 Da. A substantial homology was revealed between the amino acid sequence of the human cones cGMP-phosphodiesterase alpha'-subunit and the corresponding sequences of alpha, beta, and alpha' subunits of visual cGMP-phosphodiesterase of bovine, murine, chicken and human retinas. Four recombinant bacteriophages were isolated from a genomic library whose inserts made it possible to reconstruct a 32-kb fragment of the human cones cGMP-phosphodiesterase alpha'-subunit gene. 5'-Flanking region of the gene and first 14 exons, encoding an N-terminal segment of the protein, along with the adjacent intron segments were sequenced.

Human cone-specific cGMP phosphodiesterase alpha' subunit: complete cDNA sequence and gene arrangement.

Four independent phage clones containing the fragments of cone-specific cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) alpha' subunit (PDE-alpha') cDNA were isolated from the human cDNA library. The screening of the genomic library resulted in isolation of four independent phage clones with the fragments of human cone PDEalpha' gene including 5'-flanking region and exons ranged from 1 to 14 (overall 32 kilobases). Structural studies of the clones made it possible to establish the complete human cone PDEalpha' cDNA structure (3455 base pairs). The encoding polypeptide consists of 858 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 99169 Da. The deduced amino acid sequence displays high homology to the earlier analyzed catalytic alpha, beta and alpha' subunits of bovine, human, chicken and mouse photoreceptor PDEs.

Calmodulin-independent bovine brain adenylate cyclase. Amino acid sequence and nucleotide sequence of the corresponding cDNA.

An individual catalytic component of calmodulin-independent adenylate cyclase has been isolated from bovine brain cortex. Affinity chromatography on an immunosorbent was used. The amino acid sequence of adenylate cyclase as well as the corresponding nucleotide sequence of the cDNA has been determined. cDNA of adenylate cyclase encodes a protein consisting of 834 amino acid residues and the signal peptide (19 amino acid residues). A series of adenylate cyclase isoforms has been found. A homology between adenylate cyclases from bovine brain, E. coli and Bordetella pertussis has been revealed.