[Enterosorbent with immobilized trimethylaminoethanol chloride. I. Hypolipidemic properties]. / Enterosorbent s immobilizovannym khloridom trimetilaminoétanola. I. gipolipidemicheskie svoistva.

Hypolipidemic properties of the synthesized enterosorbent, water soluble polymer containing covalently immobilized trimethylamine ethanol chloride, were studied. Content of cholesterol in blood was decreased by 29% and accumulation of cholesterol in liver tissue--by 22% after oral administration of the enterosorbent at a dose of 250 mg/kg into rats with hypercholesterolemia. Cholestyramine exhibited the similar effect only at a dose of 2.5 g/kg. Except for the hypocholesterolemic effect, the enterosorbent altered also the lipoprotein spectrum in rat blood serum.

[The use of siliceous immunosorbents in hemosorption]. / Ispol'zovanie kremnezemnykh immunosorbentov v gemosorbtsii.

Experiments were conducted on rabbits and monkeys for approbation of immunosorbents by covalent immobilization of human serum albumin or antibodies to human apoprotein B on the surface of silo-chromium and subsequent incubation with 1% albumin solution. Extracorporeal immunosorption in immunized rabbits led to reduction of the level of specific antibodies by 60% and the number of blood platelets by 10-30%. The initial antibody level was restored in 5-10 days. Study of immunosorbents on monkeys showed a satisfactory compatibility of the sorbent with blood, its ability for regeneration, and the possibility of its repeated use. The specific capacity was 66% of the capacity according to human apoprotein B.

[Synthesis and properties of an affinity sorbent for extraction of atherogenic lipoproteins]. / Sintez i svoistva affinnogo sorbenta dlia izvlecheniia aterogennykh lipoproteinov.

A digitonin-containing affinity sorbent was prepared using a hydrophilic polymer carrier. The correlation was found between the polymer structure and crosslink. King degree, on the one hand, and the sorbent capacity to bind cholesterol, protein and lipoproteins--on the other. The sorbent was demonstrated to extract predominantly atherogenic lipoproteins from blood plasma.

[Affinity hemosorbent for the binding of atherogenic lipoproteins]. / Affinnyi gemosorbent dlia sviazyvaniia aterogennykh lipoproteinov.

An affine hemosorbent, a product of covalent heparin immobilization on a solid matrix, has been proposed for the extraction of atherogenic lipoproteins. The sorbent has high capacity with respect to atherogenic lipoproteins and is selective with other blood constituents. Experimental hemosorption in animals demonstrated rapid sorbent regeneration and satisfactory hemo- and biocompatibility, therefore the new sorbent can be recommended for clinical application.

[Removal of lipoprotein complexes of cholesterol from plasma using silochromes]. / Udalenie lipoproteidnykh kompleksov kholesterina iz plazmy krovi s ispol'zovaniem silokhromov.

Industrial silicates, silochromes, proved to be effective sorbents of cholesterol lipoprotein complexes in blood in vitro. Silochrome SH-1.5 with a diameter of pores of 180-200 nm and a capacity of 12-14 mg of cholesterol per 1 g of the sorbent exhibited the best efficiency in isolation of the complexes. At the same time, maximal unspecific binding of blood plasma proteins was observed in the systems with silochrome SH-3 with a diameter of pores of 60 nm. By use of silochrome SH-1.5 for plasmosorption the content of cholesterol was decreased from 3,600 mg/l down to 2,150 mg/l, i.e. by 40%, in blood plasma of a rabbit with experimental hypercholesterolemia.

[Specific binding of cholesterol by enterosorbents]. / Spetsificheskoe sviazyvanie kholesterina énterosorbentami.

Soluble polymers, modified by steroid glycosides digitonine or tomatonine (the "enterosorbents") bound cholesterol dissolved in alcohol. Rates of the binding depend on amount of the glycosides introduced into the sorbent. The digitonine or tomatonine enterosorbents decreased the cholesterol content in blood serum of hypercholesterolemic rats after per oral administration. At the same time, the enterosorbent containing digitonine decreased simultaneously both the content of liver tissue cholesterol and the content of atherogenic lipoproteins in rat blood serum.

[Efferent treatment methods]. / Efferentnye metody lecheniia.

The methods of treatment based on removal of toxic compounds from the host by dialysis, electrochemical oxidation and sorption are named efferent. The process of extracorporeal purification of blood with the use of specific and nonspecific sorbents is described. The action of the specific sorbents is based on the principle of using the catalytic properties of immobilized ligands or affinity sorption of the substances subject to the removal. Immunosorbents and enterosorbents are presented.

Interaction between acetylcholine and other agonists at cholinoreceptive membrane of mollusc neurons.

The effect of pretreatment with agonists of various chemical structure on acetylcholine action at isolated Limnaea stagnalis neurones was studied. Threshold concentrations of monoquaternary agonists or dicholinic ester of adipinic acid increase and inhibit the responses to low and high acetylcholine concentrations respectively. In contrast, suberyldicholine and compound IEM-1054 (containing two charged ammonium groups in a molecule with an internitrogen distance of 2.0-2.2 nm) decrease the action of any acetylcholine concentration. The results are discussed in terms of the cooperativity model of acetylcholine receptors (AChR) and the hypothesis about regular arrangement of AChRs in the membrane, the so called 'C-16 structure'.