ABSTRACT
The refractive index of a y-cut SiO2 crystal surface is reconstructed from orientation-dependent soft X-ray reflectometry measurements in the energy range from 45 to 620â eV. Owing to the anisotropy of the crystal structure in the (100) and (001) directions, a significant deviation of the measured reflectance at the Si L 2,3 and O K absorption edges is observed. The anisotropy in the optical constants reconstructed from these data is also confirmed by ab initio Bethe-Salpeter equation calculations for the O K edge. This new experimental data set expands the existing literature data for quartz crystal optical constants significantly, particularly in the near-edge regions.
ABSTRACT
PIP: The demographic situation in the Czech Republic is reviewed using data from the 1991 census. Information is included on population size and growth, fertility and population reproduction, age structure, educational status, employment, and population projections to 2020.^ieng
Subject(s)
Age Distribution , Educational Status , Employment , Fertility , Forecasting , Population Density , Population Growth , Age Factors , Czech Republic , Demography , Developed Countries , Economics , Europe , Europe, Eastern , Health Workforce , Population , Population Characteristics , Population Dynamics , Social Class , Socioeconomic Factors , Statistics as TopicABSTRACT
PIP: The authors analyze data from the 1991 Czech census concerning religious affiliation. They provide information on church denomination, sex and age distribution of church members, and characteristics of those who did not answer the religion question. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)^ieng
Subject(s)
Age Distribution , Censuses , Population Characteristics , Religion , Sex Distribution , Age Factors , Czech Republic , Demography , Developed Countries , Europe , Europe, Eastern , Population , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
PIP: Population trends in Czechoslovakia are analyzed over the period 1981-1985, with a focus on district-level differences. The analysis shows that demographic problems are concentrated in the border districts of the Czech Republic and the southern districts of Slovakia. Both natural increase and migration in the 114 districts are addressed. (SUMMARY IN ENG AND RUS)^ieng
Subject(s)
Emigration and Immigration , Geography , Population Dynamics , Population Growth , Czechoslovakia , Demography , Developed Countries , Europe , Europe, Eastern , PopulationABSTRACT
PIP: An analysis of mortality trends in Czechoslovakia in 1980-1981 is presented. Areas of high mortality are identified in the northwest industrial districts of the country and in some southern agricultural districts of Slovakia. Comparisons are made with the situation in 1960-1961 and 1970-1971. (summary in ENG, RUS)^ieng
Subject(s)
Geography , Mortality , Czechoslovakia , Demography , Developed Countries , Europe , Europe, Eastern , Population , Population DynamicsABSTRACT
PIP: Recent population trends in Czechoslovakia are described. Consideration is given to the impact of the pro-natalist measures passed between 1968 and 1973, which had a positive effect on fertility. However, the authors note that in the period 1980-1983 fertility has decreased substantially and population growth has declined significantly. The consequent need to revise projections up to 2000 is noted, and the implications for economic and settlement geography are considered. (summary in ENG, RUS)^ieng
