[Use of the device "microselectron" with high-speed delivery of Iridium-192 (192-Ir) in radiotherapy of some neoplastic diseases]. / Primenenie apparata "mikroselektron" s vysokoi moshchnost'iu dozy istochnika iridiia-192 (192-Ir) v luchevoi terapii nekotorykh onkologicheskikh zabolevanii.

An experience of managing inoperable tumors of extrahepatic ducts in patients with medially- and centrally-localized breast tumors, using large doses of 192Ir radiation (10 curie) emitted from a MecroSelectron installation, is presented. The installation has proved instrumental in carrying out intraluminal and intrastitial radiotherapy since it provides access to localizations inaccessible by other means used in such procedures.

[Use of the internal mammary vessels (vasa thoracica interna) forirradiation of the parasternal region in breast cancer. 1]. / Einsatz der inneren Brustgefässe (Vasa thoracia interna) zur Bestrahlung der parasternalen Region beim Mammakarzinom. 1. Mitteilung.

The topographic-anatomical situation of parasternal lymph-nodes, of a. and v. thoracica interna were studied and a method for local irradiation of parasternal lymph-nodes was elaborated introducing discrete linear 60Co-radiation-sources into inner breast vessels. This is the prerequisite to use a radiosurgical method treating mammary carcinoma in central and medial localisation. With this in 463 patients with mammary carcinoma the inner breast vessels were used to introduce radioactive radiation sources. This allowed the irradiation of parasternal lymph-nodes in shortest time with simultaneous substantial decrease of radiation exposure of heart, lung, and mediastinal organs, and of spinal marrow.

[Hyperthermia in combined radiotherapy of cancer of the mouth mucosa]. / Gipertermiia pri sochetannoi luchevoi terapii raka slizistoi obolochki rta.

Combined treatment of patients with cancer of the oral mucosa using a dynamic course of irradiation in combination with local hyperthermia was proposed. Altogether 55 patients were treated, of them in 51 (92.7%) complete tumor regression was achieved. The short-term results were indicative of the efficacy of the above method.

[Interstitial gamma irradiation of the parasternal area in breast cancer]. / Vnutritkanevoe gamma-obluchenie parasternal'noi zony pri rake molochnoi zhelezy.

The authors substantiated the effectiveness of local irradiation of the parasternal lymph node chain by means of cylindrical 60Co sources of original design. Sizes of the sources: total length--65 mm, active length--60 mm, external diameter--1 mm. This type of irradiation as part of combined and multimodality therapy was used in 112 patients. This method is easy to perform and well tolerated by patients.

[The use of the "Selectron" apparatus in the radiotherapy of patients with uterine cancer]. / Ispol'zovanie apparata "Selektron" v luchevom lechenii bol'nykh rakom matki.

The technique of combined radiotherapy of uterine cancer is described employing gammatherapy biaxial rotation and the intracavitary gammatherapy using radiotherapeutical catheter apparatus "Selectron" (Holland). At stage I combined radiotherapy irradiation has been applied daily (2 Gy 5 times weekly) with the total dose reaching 18-20 Gy. The treatment stage II involved intracavitary gamma irradiation by "Selectron". Radiation has been carried out in two regimes of dose fractioning: 1) single local dose in point A (5-6 Gy, 2 times a week and 2) single local dose in point A (10-18 Gy, once a week). The total local dose for both variants is 60 Gy (in point A). Irradiation of regional metastases has been carried out on days free from intracavitary gammatherapy, that permitted withdrawal of the primary tumour lesion from the zone of radiation effect. A conventional regime of dose fractioning has been used. Thus, the combined radiotherapy of uterine cancer has provided the total local dose (in point A) 80-90 Gy, and up to 60 Gy in point B. In some cases the stages of treatment were changed, for the bleeding tumours the treatment started with "Selectron" therapy with subsequent irradiation of the small pelvis. The efficiency of treatment has been evaluated in accordance with clinicomorphological data. The tumours with prevailing exophytic forms of growth have exhibited more rapid regression than those with endophytic growth. In majority of cases reactivity has been restricted to catarrhal epitheliitis. Radiation-induced reaction of the adjoining organs was insignificant. The patients' tolerance was satisfactory. Radiation-induced complications have not been registered in the time interval from 6 months to 2.5 years. The complete clinical regression has been observed in 88% of patients, partial regression in 4%, no response in 8%. 80% of patients have survived 1 year without recurrences and metastases, 75% were alive 2.5 years after treatment. Intracavitary irradiation by the 137Cs sources ("Selectron") are no less efficient than 60Co sources. "Selectron" is convenient, adjustable for different irradiation programmes and ensures radiation safety.

[Short-term results of radiotherapy of cancer of the tongue and mouth floor mucosa using 60Co and 252Cf]. / Blizhaishie resul'taty luchevoi terapii raka slizistoi obolochki iazyka i dna polosti rta s primeneniem 60Co i 252Cf.

The authors presented the immediate and 3-year results of interstitial and combined therapy of 90 patients with cancer of the tongue and oral fundus mucosa. 60Co- and 252Cf-sources were employed in interstitial radiotherapy. There were no significant differences in therapeutic efficacy using different radiation sources. Some methodological aspects of administration of interstitial radiotherapy, radiation reactions and complications were covered.

[Comparative analysis of the results of combined radiotherapy of cervix cancer using 60Co sources of high and low activity for intracavitary irradiation]. / Sravnitel'nyi analiz rezul'tatov sochetannoi luchevoi terapii raka sheiki matki s ispol'zovaniem dlia vnutripolostnogo oblucheniia istochnikov 60Co vysokoi i nizkoi atkivnosti.

The results of complex radiation therapy in 130 patients with cervical cancer were compared. Colpometrostats (components of AraT-B apparatus) with automatically-fed sources of 60Co high-level radiation were used for intracavitary treatment in 65 patients (group I). Gynecologic gamma-ray applicators with manually afterloaded 60Co low-level radiation sources were employed in group 2. No recurrence or metastasis were identified in stage I-II cases of both groups within the first 3 years of follow-up. Metastases into regional lymph nodes were detected in 3 patients (stage III) in group I and recurrences with advancing metastatic spread in 4 patients of group 2. Radiation-induced complications were relatively frequent in group 2.

[Interstitial gamma therapy of recurrences and metastases of cancer of the uterus and rectum to the vagina]. / Vnutritkanevaia gamma-terapiia retsidivov i metastazov raka matki i priamoi kishki vo vlagalishche.

The authors devised a technique of interstitial radiation therapy for locally disseminated vaginal recurrences and metastases that occur after the use of various therapeutic methods for uterine and rectal cancer. Indications and counterindications to interstitial radiation therapy with 60Co as an independent method or the main therapeutic component in combined or multimodality treatment, were determined. Methods of the topometric and dosimetric planning of treatment, methods of needle administration and fixation by the system of manual afterloading were developed. Interstitial radiation therapy was given to 22 patients with a complete tumor regression in 17 of them. Interstitial radiation therapy is recommended as a method of choice for the therapy of vaginal recurrences and metastases.