[The use of clopixole in therapy of aged mental patients]. / Ispol'zovanie klopiksola pri lechenii psikhicheskikh bol'nykh pozdnego vozrasta.

On the base of clinical psychological and electrophysiological studies of 34 patients with primary manifestations of brain circulation insufficiency good tolerance and high efficiency of Tanakan course treatment (3 x 40 mg/day for 3 months) were showen. Tanakan decreased manifestations of clinical syndrome, improved psychological functions and electrophysiological parameters. Prospective study supported the stability of positive changes in the status of patients for 12 months after Tanakan course treatment.

[Use of tianeptine (coaxil) in the treatment of late-life depression]. / Ispol'zovanie tianeptina (koaksila) pri lechenii pozdnikh depressii.

Efficacy and safety of tianeptine (coaxil) for treatment of depressions in old age were studied in 15 depressed patients at the age of 54-78 years meeting ICD-10 criteria for depressive episode. Open method with a set of rating scales was employed. After the 28-day treatment relief of depressive symptoms was registered by all the scales since the therapy day 7. The degree of improvement on HAMD-scale was 50%, amount of responders--60%. The improvement of cognitive functions by the end of therapy was noted. Clinical predictors of Coaxil efficacy were determined by means of correlation and factor analyses. Relationship between the therapy efficacy and severity of some symptoms in the structure of depression were analyzed. The greatest efficacy of Coaxil was found in depression with prevalence of asthenic and somatovegetative symptoms, in patients with mild anxiety opposite the decrease of the effect in those with severe agitated depressions. The analysis of both frequency and severity of the side-effects has shown good tolerance to Coaxil. The adverse effects manifested with mild gastrointestinal disturbances and drowsiness during daytime.

[Use of cerebrolysin in the treatment of prolonged extrapyramidal complications of neuroleptic therapy]. / Ispol'zovanie tserebrolizina dlia lecheniia zatiazhnykh ékstrapiramidnykh oslozhnenii neirolepticheskoi terapii.

Open study was performed concerning the efficiency of cerebrolysin in treatment of tardive dyskinesia and parkinsonism. 30 patients of middle (18-41 years) and old (60-82 years) age were examined by means of Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale and Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale. Cerebrolysin was administered intravenously by drops every other day in a dose of 5-10 ml during 28 days. Significant decrease of the severity of extrapyramidal symptoms (according to the Scales used) was observed by the end of the course of therapy. The number of the responders was 46.6%, of the partial responders--26.6%. Efficiency of cerebrolysin was the same both in the groups of patients with drug-induced parkinsonism (number of the responders--54.5%) and in patients with tardive dyskinesia (the responders' number--60%). The efficiency of cerebrolysin was lower in patients with combination of symptoms of parkinsonism and tardive dyskinesia as well as in ones with pronounced negative schizophrenic disorders in clinical picture. Efficacy of cerebrolysin was also the same in patients of both middle and old age. Its efficiency was equally high independently on the duration of extrapyramidal disorders' existence.

[The clinical evaluation of the antidepressive activity of fluoxetine]. / Klinicheskaia otsenka antidepressivnoi aktivnosti fluoksetina.

The authors studied therapeutic properties of fluoxetine in the treatment of 100 patients with endogenous depressions. The drug was introduced during 6 weeks in a daily dose 20 mg. On the basis of the analysis of its clinical action and adverse reactions, fluoxetine belonging to the class of antidepressants has been ascertained. A prevalence of thymoleptic and stimulating components in its action, equal by their degree of expressivity and a smaller degree of anxiolytic effect have been demonstrated. Differentiated indications to fluoxetine prescription, its predilection in the therapy of apatho-adynamic and melancholic depressions and the feasibility of its use in inpatient conditions are discussed.

[Comparative study of age-related effectiveness of tri- and tetracyclic antidepressants]. / Sravnitel'no-vozrastnoe izuchenie éffektivnosti trekh- i chetyrekhtsiklicheskikh antidepressantov.

A comparative age-associated study of the efficacy and side effects of amitriptyline and maprotyline was carried out in a group of 93 patients over 50. The health status of the patients was assessed with the aid of Hamilton's depression scale and the scale of side effects on days 0, 7 and 28 of the therapy. It has been discovered that on day 28 maprotyline caused a more complete reduction of depressive disorders as compared to amitriptyline. Maprotyline produced a more intensive action on the anxious component of depression. There were differences in the intensity and range of side effects evoked by amitriptyline and maprotyline. Unlike maprotyline, the antidepressive effect of amitriptyline developed in a group of patients over 70, at later stages of the therapy. Therefore, it is more advisable that tetracyclic antidepressants be used for the treatment of senile patients.

[Comparative age-related studies of mono- and bipolar forms of late affective psychoses]. / Sravnitel'no-vozrastnoe issledovanie mono- i bipoliarnykh form techeniia pozdnykh affektivnykh psikhozov.

As many as 38 patients with the bipolar and 70 patients with the monopolar types of affective psychosis manifesting at an age over 45 years were examined. A comparative age-associated examination of the given patients has demonstrated that the differences in the clinical characteristics and regularities of the mono- and bipolar disease forms are age-restricted and can be elucidated more frequently in the involutional period (from 45 to 59 years). In the senile age proper (after 60 years) there is a tendency towards approximation of both the types of late affective psychosis in terms of their main clinical parameters.

[Clinico-psychopathologic features of manic states in old age]. / Kliniko-psikhopatologicheskie osobennosti maniakal'nykh sostoianii v pozdnem vozraste.

Using a clinico-psychopathological method, the author studied some aspects of psychopathology and clinical typology of manic states characteristic of old age. The work is based on an analysis of 154 manic phases developing in 30 patients with endogenic psychoses (paroxysmal schizophrenia - 13 cases and manic-depressive psychosis - 17 cases) at the age over 50 years. Four types of manic states observed in advanced age were identified: merry or simple mania, wrathful mania, mania with expansive fantastic delirium and a senile type of mania. A certain correlation was elucidated between the identified types of manic states and some clinical characteristics associated with age.