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1.
Oncoimmunology ; 13(1): 2316945, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38379869

ABSTRACT

Combinatorial strategies, such as targeting different immune checkpoint receptors, hold promise to increase the breadth and duration of the response to cancer therapy. Here we describe the preclinical evaluation of CTX-8371, a protein construct which combines PD-1 and PD-L1 targeting in one bispecific, tetravalent antibody. CTX-8371 matched or surpassed the activity of anti-PD-1 and PD-L1 benchmark antibodies in several in vitro T cell activation assays and outperformed clinically approved benchmarks in the subcutaneous MC38 colon and the B16F10 lung metastasis mouse tumor models. Investigation into the mechanism of action revealed that CTX-8371 co-engagement of PD-1 and PD-L1 induced the proteolytic cleavage and loss of cell surface PD-1, which is a novel and non-redundant mechanism that adds to the PD-1/PD-L1 signaling axis blockade. The combination of CTX-8371 and an agonistic anti-CD137 antibody further increased the anti-tumor efficacy with long-lasting curative therapeutic effect. In summary, CTX-8371 is a novel checkpoint inhibitor that might provide greater clinical benefit compared to current anti-PD-1 and PD-L1 antibodies, especially when combined with agents with orthogonal mechanisms of action, such as agonistic anti-CD137 antibodies.


Subject(s)
Antibodies, Bispecific , Lung Neoplasms , Mice , Animals , B7-H1 Antigen , Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor , Antibodies, Bispecific/pharmacology , Antibodies, Bispecific/therapeutic use , Lymphocyte Activation
2.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 81(1): 38-43, feb. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-775521

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Revisar nuestra experiencia en traquelectomía radical laparoscópica en cáncer de cérvix en estado temprano. Métodos: Estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo de las pacientes que se sometieron a traquelectomía radical laparoscópica en el Instituto de Cancerología - Las Américas, Medellín, Colombia, entre Mayo de 2009 y Enero 2015. Resultados: Se completó satisfactoriamente el procedimiento en 13 pacientes en estadío IB1, 12 (92%) tuvieron tumores menores a 2 cm y una recibió quimioterapia neoadyuvante por un tumor de 3 cm. El tipo histológico más frecuente fue el escamoso en 7 pacientes (54%). En 5 pacientes (38%) no se evidenció enfermedad residual luego del procedimiento. El tiempo quirúrgico promedio fue de 240 min (130-340 min); la mediana de pérdida sanguínea fueron 100 ml (50-200 ml). Dos pacientes tuvieron cistotomía incidental durante la cirugía, reparadas por vía laparoscópica, una de ellas desarrollo una fístula vésico-vaginal que cerró espontáneamente. Ninguna paciente requirió transfusión sanguínea ni conversión a laparotomía. La estancia hospitalaria promedio fue de 1 día (1-3). Dos pacientes requirieron histerectomía laparoscópica. No se han reportado recurrencias ni embarazos con un seguimiento promedio 27,9 meses (8,3-64,4). Conclusión: La traquelectomía radical laparoscópica es factible y se puede realizar de manera segura en un país en desarrollo, en pacientes bien seleccionados, con cáncer de cérvix temprano que desean preservar su fertilidad. Los tiempos de seguimiento aún son cortos para conclusiones definitivas sobre el resultado obstétrico. La seguridad oncológica parece similar a la de la traquelectomía abdominal y/o vaginal.


Objective: To review our experience with laparoscopic radical trachelectomy in patients with early-stage cervical cancer. Methods: We performed a observational descriptive retrospective review of all patients who underwent a laparoscopic radical trachelectomy at the Instituto de Cancerología - Las Americas, Medellin, Colombia, between May 2009 and January 2015. Results: 13 patients completed surgery, 12 patients (92%) were diagnosed as IB1 with tumor size less than 2 cm, and one patient received neoadjuvant chemotherapy due to a 3 cm cervical tumor; histology was squamous cell carcinoma in 7 patients (54%). Five patients (38%) showed no residual disease. The mean surgical time was 240 min (130-340 min); the estimated blood loss was 100 ml (50-200 ml). Two patients had a cystotomy during surgery; one of them developed a vesicovaginal fistula that healed spontaneously. No transfusions were given. No conversions were made. Mean hospital stay 1 day (1-3 day). 2 patients required laparoscopic hysterectomy. To date, no recurrence or pregnancies has been recorded with the median follow up 27.9 months (8.3-64.4 month). Conclusion: Laparoscopic radical trachelectomy is feasible and can be performed safely in a developing country in well-selected patients with early cervical cancer who wish to preserve their fertility. Follow up times are still too short to drive definitive conclusions on obstetric results. The oncological safety appears similar to that of the abdominal trachelectomy and/or vaginal.

3.
Colomb Med (Cali) ; 46(3): 104-8, 2015 Sep 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26600624

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Breast Phyllodes tumors are rare breast tumors present in less than 1% of new cases of breast cancer, usually occurring among middle-aged women (40-50 yrs). OBJECTIVE: This study shows diagnostic experience, surgical management and follows up of patients with this disease during a period of ten years in a oncology referral center. METHODS: Retrospectively, breast cancer registries at the institution were reviewed, identifying 77 patients with Phyllodes tumors between 2002 and 2012, who had been operated on at the Instituto de Cancerología - Clínica Las Américas, in Medellín (Colombia). Clinical and histopathological data belonging to these cases was captured and analyzed and descriptive statistics were used. RESULTS: The follow up median was 22.5 months (IQR: 10.5-60.0), average age was 47.2 yrs (SD: 12.4), mean tumor size was 3.6 cm (SD: 4.6), 88.3% of the patients (68 cases) presented negative margins and none of them received adjuvant chemotherapy. Of the patients with Phyllodes tumors; 33.8% had benign, 31.2% had borderline and 35.0% had malignant tumor. Disease-free survival was 85.8% and overall survival was 94.5%. DISCUSSION: Reported data in this article is in accordance with what has been reported in worldwide literature. In our cohort even the high mean size of the tumors, the risk of local relapse and metastatic disease is low than previously reported in literature. Trials with longer follow up and molecular trials in Phyllodes tumors are necessary to understand the behavior of these tumors in Hispanics population.


INTRODUCCIÓN: Los tumores phyllodes mamarios son Tumores infrecuentes en la mama presentes en menos del 1% de los casos nuevos de cáncer mamario, por lo general ocurre en mujeres de mediana edad (40-50 años). OBJETIVO: Este estudio muestra la experiencia de diagnóstico, tratamiento quirúrgico y seguimiento de los pacientes con esta variedad de tumor durante un período de diez años en un centro de referencia oncológico. MÉTODOS: Retrospectivamente, los registros de cáncer de mama en la institución fueron revisados, se identificaron 77 pacientes con tumores phyllodes entre 2002 y 2012, que habían sido operados en el Instituto de Cancerología - Clínica Las Américas, en Medellín (Colombia). Los datos clínicos e histopatológicos pertenecientes a estos casos fueron recolectados y analizados utilizando técnicas de estadística descriptivas. RESULTADOS: La mediana de seguimiento fue de 22.5 meses (RIC: 10.5-60.0), la Media de edad fue de 47.2 años (DE: 12.4), tamaño medio del tumor fue de 3.6 cm (DE: 4.6), 88.3% de los pacientes (68 casos) presentaron márgenes negativos y ninguno de ellos recibieron quimioterapia adyuvante. De los pacientes con tumores phyllodes; 33.8% fueron benignos, 31.2% Borderline y 35.0% phyllodes maligno. Supervivencia libre de enfermedad fue 85.8% y la supervivencia global fue de 94.5%. DISCUSIÓN: Los datos reportados en este artículo están acordes con lo que se ha reportado en la literatura mundial. En nuestra cohorte, a pesar de que el tamaño promedio de los tumores fue mayor, el riesgo de recidiva local y las tasas de enfermedad metastásica es menor que el reportado previamente en la literatura. Los ensayos con seguimiento más prolongado, y los ensayos moleculares en tumores phyllodes son necesarios para comprender de una manera más precisa el comportamiento de estos tumores en la población hispana.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Phyllodes Tumor/pathology , Adult , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Colombia , Disease-Free Survival , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Middle Aged , Phyllodes Tumor/diagnosis , Phyllodes Tumor/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Survival Rate
4.
Colomb. med ; 46(3): 104-108, July-Sept. 2015. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-765509

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Breast Phyllodes tumors are rare breast tumors present in less than 1% of new cases of breast cancer, usually occurring among middle-aged women (40-50 yrs). Objective: This study shows diagnostic experience, surgical management and follows up of patients with this disease during a period of ten years in a oncology referral center. Methods: Retrospectively, breast cancer registries at the institution were reviewed, identifying 77 patients with Phyllodes tumors between 2002 and 2012, who had been operated on at the Instituto de Cancerología - Clínica Las Américas, in Medellín (Colombia). Clinical and histopathological data belonging to these cases was captured and analyzed and descriptive statistics were used. Results: The follow up median was 22.5 months (IQR: 10.5-60.0), average age was 47.2 yrs (SD: 12.4), mean tumor size was 3.6 cm (SD: 4.6), 88.3% of the patients (68 cases) presented negative margins and none of them received adjuvant chemotherapy. Of the patients with Phyllodes tumors; 33.8% had benign, 31.2% had borderline and 35.0% had malignant tumor. Disease-free survival was 85.8% and overall survival was 94.5%. Discussion: Reported data in this article is in accordance with what has been reported in worldwide literature. In our cohort even the high mean size of the tumors, the risk of local relapse and metastatic disease is low than previously reported in literature. Trials with longer follow up and molecular trials in Phyllodes tumors are necessary to understand the behavior of these tumors in Hispanics population.


Introducción: Los tumores phyllodes mamarios son Tumores infrecuentes en la mama presentes en menos del 1% de los casos nuevos de cáncer mamario, por lo general ocurre en mujeres de mediana edad (40-50 años) Objetivo: Este estudio muestra la experiencia de diagnóstico, tratamiento quirúrgico y seguimiento de los pacientes con esta variedad de tumor durante un período de diez años en un centro de referencia oncológico. Métodos: Retrospectivamente, los registros de cáncer de mama en la institución fueron revisados, se identificaron 77 pacientes con tumores phyllodes entre 2002 y 2012, que habían sido operados en el Instituto de Cancerología - Clínica Las Américas, en Medellín (Colombia). Los datos clínicos e histopatológicos pertenecientes a estos casos fueron recolectados y analizados utilizando técnicas de estadística descriptivas. Resultados: La mediana de seguimiento fue de 22.5 meses (RIC: 10.5-60.0), la Media de edad fue de 47.2 años (DE: 12.4), tamaño medio del tumor fue de 3.6 cm (DE: 4.6), 88.3% de los pacientes (68 casos) presentaron márgenes negativos y ninguno de ellos recibieron quimioterapia adyuvante. De los pacientes con tumores phyllodes; 33.8% fueron benignos, 31.2% Borderline y 35.0% phyllodes maligno. Supervivencia libre de enfermedad fue 85.8% y la supervivencia global fue de 94.5%. Discusión: Los datos reportados en este artículo están acordes con lo que se ha reportado en la literatura mundial. En nuestra cohorte, a pesar de que el tamaño promedio de los tumores fue mayor, el riesgo de recidiva local y las tasas de enfermedad metastásica es menor que el reportado previamente en la literatura. Los ensayos con seguimiento más prolongado, y los ensayos moleculares en tumores phyllodes son necesarios para comprender de una manera mas precisa el comportamiento de estos tumores en la población hispana.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Phyllodes Tumor/pathology , Breast Neoplasms/diagnosis , Breast Neoplasms/surgery , Colombia , Disease-Free Survival , Follow-Up Studies , Phyllodes Tumor/diagnosis , Phyllodes Tumor/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Survival Rate
5.
Ecancermedicalscience ; 9: 562, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26316883

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced breast cancer, showing improvement in disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates in patients achieving pathological complete response (pCR). The relationship between immunohistochemistry-based molecular subtyping (IMS), chemo sensitivity and survival is currently a matter of interest. We explore this relationship in a Hispanic cohort of breast cancer patients treated with NAC. METHODS: A retrospective survival analysis was performed on Colombian females with breast cancer treated at Instituto de Cancerología-Clinica Las Américas between January 2009 and December 2011. Patients were classified according to immunohistochemistry-based subtyping into the following five groups: Luminal A, Luminal B, Luminal B/HER 2+, HER2-enriched, and triple-negative breast cancer. Demographic characteristics, recurrence pattern, and survival rate were reviewed by bivariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: A total of 328 patients fulfilled the study's inclusion parameters and the distribution of subtypes were as follows: Luminal A: 73 (22.3%), Luminal B/HER2-: 110 (33.5%), Luminal B/HER2+: 75 (22.9%), HER2-enriched: 30 (9.1%), and triple-negative: 40 (12.2%). The median follow-up was 41 months (interquartile range: 31-52). Pathological response to NAC was as follows: complete pathological response (pCR) in 28 (8.5%) patients, partial 247 (75.3%); stable disease 47 (14.3%), and progression 6 (1.8%) patients. The presence of pCR had a significant DFS and OS in the entire group (p = 0.01) but subtypes had different DFS in Luminal B (p = 0.01) and triple negative (p = 0.02) and also OS in Luminal B (p = 0.01) and triple negative (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: pCR is associated with an improved overall survival and disease-free survival rates in this group of Hispanics patients. Advanced stages, Luminal B subtypes, triple-negative tumours and non-pCR showed lower DFS.

6.
Gynecol Oncol ; 125(2): 326-9, 2012 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22261300

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To help determine whether global collaborations for prospective gynecologic surgery trials should include hospitals in developing countries, we compared surgical and oncologic outcomes of patients undergoing laparoscopic radical hysterectomy at a large comprehensive cancer center in the United States and a cancer center in Colombia. METHODS: Records of the first 50 consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic radical hysterectomy at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston (between April 2004 and July 2007) and the first 50 consecutive patients who underwent the same procedure at the Instituto de Cancerología-Clínica las Américas in Medellín (between December 2008 and October 2010) were retrospectively reviewed. Surgical and oncologic outcomes were compared between the 2 groups. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in median patient age (US 41.9 years [range 23-73] vs. Colombia 44.5 years [range 24-75], P=0.09). Patients in Colombia had a lower median body mass index than patients in the US (24.4 kg/m(2) vs. 28.7 kg/m(2), P=0.002). Compared to patients treated in Colombia, patients who underwent surgery in the US had a greater median estimated blood loss (200 mL vs. 79 mL, P<0.001), longer median operative time (328.5 min vs. 235 min, P<0.001), and longer postoperative hospital stay (2 days vs. 1 day, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Surgical and oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy were not worse at a cancer center in a developing country than at a large comprehensive cancer center in the United States. These results support consideration of developing countries for inclusion in collaborations for prospective surgical studies.


Subject(s)
Cancer Care Facilities/standards , Endometrial Neoplasms/surgery , Hysterectomy/standards , Laparoscopy/standards , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/surgery , Adult , Aged , Colombia , Developing Countries , Endometrial Neoplasms/pathology , Female , Humans , Hysterectomy/methods , International Cooperation , Laparoscopy/methods , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , United States , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology , Young Adult
7.
Buenos Aires; El Ateneo; 5 ed 9 reimp; 2003. xvii,621 p. ilus, tab, graf. (111237).
Monography in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-111237
8.
Buenos Aires; El Ateneo; 2001. 621 p. ilus, tab. (82667).
Monography in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-82667
9.
Managua; s.n; mar. 2000. 48 p. tab.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-279280

ABSTRACT

El presente estudio es transversal, comparativo y prolectivo. El universo de nuestro estudio lo constituyen 70 pacientes quienes fueron sometidos a cirugíapor trauma vascular en el Hospital Escuela Dr. Roberto Calderón Gutiérrez, entre 1995 a 1999. De dicho universo se excluyeron 4 pacientes por no cumplir criterios de inclusión. Fueron 60 masculinos y 6 femeninos con edad promedio de 27 años en pacientes complicados y 24 años en no complicados. La morbilidad fue significativa en 42 porciento, en el sexo masculino. Las principales causas fueron: incapacidad funcional del miembro afectado y la pérdida del miembro. Los principales factores encontrados fueron: el tiempo de evolución mayor de 6 horas, el estado de choque preoperatorio, la localización en miembro inferior y las lesiones locales de tejidos cercanos al sitio de lesión vascular. El trauma vascular continúateniendo repercusiones invalidantes significativas, por lo que sugerimos neutralizar los principales factores de riesgo de complicaciones ya citados entre ellos principalmente el tiempo de evolución, el choque preoperatorio y las lesiones locales al sitio de lesión, así mismo recomendamos el abordaje quirúrgicopreciso, y la fisioterapia temprana...


Subject(s)
Blood Vessels , General Surgery , Academic Dissertations as Topic , Vascular Resistance
10.
Buenos Aires; Ateneo; 5 ed; 1997. xvii,621 p. ilus.
Monography in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: biblio-1193612
11.
Buenos Aires; Ateneo; 5 ed; 1997. xvii,621 p. ilus. (67154).
Monography in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-67154
14.
Montevideo; CLAP; 1995. 231 p. ilus, tab, graf.(Publicación Científica del CLAP, 1321.01).
Monography in Spanish | LILACS, UY-BNMED, BNUY | ID: biblio-1397314
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