ABSTRACT
Background: A therapeutic matrix for women who had survived breast cancer was designed by combining the principle of interactive peer support with the exploratory approach of group therapy. Method: An observation instrument was designed and applied to the recorded therapeutic sessions, thereby enabling the multidimensional coding of the interactive support process. Lag sequential analysis was then applied to the data. Results: The analysis revealed patterns of interactive peer support which were conditioned by the therapists communicative behaviour and by other derived behaviours. The significant associations correspond to strategies that serve to facilitate the therapeutic factors. Conclusions: The therapists behaviour is the fundamental axis around which the corrective process unfolds, and it is this process that facilitates the mobilization of therapeutic factors. The levels of interactive support shown by the group members acquire greater discursive complexity and interpersonal sensitivity as the group sessions progress (AU)
Antecedentes: se diseña una matriz terapéutica para mujeres que han superado el cáncer de mama combinando el principio de la ayuda interactiva entre iguales con la orientación exploratoria de los grupos terapéuticos. Método: se construye un instrumento de observación de las sesiones terapéuticas registradas que ha permitido la codificación multidimensional del proceso de ayuda interactiva. El análisis se ha llevado a cabo aplicando la técnica de análisis secuencial de retardos (lag). Resultados: se han hallado patrones de ayuda interactiva tomando como referente la conducta comunicativa del terapeuta y otros comportamientos derivados. Las asociaciones significativas tienen sentido como estrategias facilitadoras de los factores terapéuticos. Conclusiones: la conducta del terapeuta es el eje fundamental para el seguimiento del proceso correctivo que facilita la gestión de los factores terapéuticos. Los niveles de ayuda interactiva ganan en complejidad discursiva y en sensibilidad interpersonal a medida que las participantes realizan las sesiones previamente programadas (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms/psychology , Psychotherapy, Group/instrumentation , Psychotherapy, Group/methods , Self-Help Groups/standards , Self-Help Groups , Psychometrics/methods , Psychometrics/organization & administration , Psychometrics/trends , Psychotherapy, Group/organization & administration , Psychotherapy, Group/standards , Social Support , Interpersonal RelationsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: A therapeutic matrix for women who had survived breast cancer was designed by combining the principle of interactive peer support with the exploratory approach of group therapy. METHOD: An observation instrument was designed and applied to the recorded therapeutic sessions, thereby enabling the multidimensional coding of the interactive support process. Lag sequential analysis was then applied to the data. RESULTS: The analysis revealed patterns of interactive peer support which were conditioned by the therapist's communicative behaviour and by other derived behaviours. The significant associations correspond to strategies that serve to facilitate the therapeutic factors. CONCLUSIONS: The therapist's behaviour is the fundamental axis around which the corrective process unfolds, and it is this process that facilitates the mobilization of therapeutic factors. The levels of interactive support shown by the group members acquire greater discursive complexity and interpersonal sensitivity as the group sessions progress.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/rehabilitation , Interpersonal Relations , Peer Group , Self-Help Groups , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Psychotherapy, GroupABSTRACT
El presente artículo constituye una aproximación al tiro libre de baloncesto desde la perspectiva de la metodología observacional. Ante la dificultad manifiesta para trasladar a la intervención deportiva cotidiana los datos cuantitativos resultantes de los estudios biomecánicos habituales, se ha elaborado una herramienta observacional de gran accesibilidad que, como principal aportación, permite la detección de patrones temporales en los lanzamientos de tiro libre. Como aval de la utilidad de la herramienta observacional diseñada se presenta un ejemplo de los resultados obtenidos en un diseño de investigación que estudia una selección de jugadores de categoría alevín (11-12 años) (AU)
This article represents an approach to the free throw from the perspective of observational methodology. Faced with the obvious difficulty of transferring quantitative data resulting from the habitual biomechanical studies to everyday sports intervention, an easily accessible observational tool has been produced which, as a main contribution, allows the detection of T-patterns in free-throw shots. As the endorsement of the usefulness of the designed observational tool, an example is presented of the results obtained in a research design that studies a selection of grassroots basketball players (11-12 years) (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Basketball/psychology , Observation , Sports/psychology , Basketball/statistics & numerical data , Basketball/trendsABSTRACT
Este trabajo explora las potencialidades de la metodología observacional sistemática y los instrumentos basados en formatos de campo, aplicados al estudio de los procesos de apropiación espacial. Se presenta un instrumento de observación que permite el registro de un conjunto de variables coocurrentes relativas a distintos niveles de respuesta (tipos de usuarios, actividades y características ambientales), que ha sido utilizado en un análisis exploratorio de los patrones de ocupación de una plaza en Barcelona. El análisis secuencial realizado revela patrones de uso diferenciados en distintas zonas del espacio y momentos del día. Este tipo de estrategias ofrecen nuevas oportunidades para la descripción de patrones de ocupación espacial (AU)
This paper explores the potential of systematic observational methodologies and field format instruments for the analysis of spatial appropriation processes. We present an observational instrument that facilitates the registration of a number of co-ocurrent variables related to different levels of responses (types of users, activities and environmental variables), which was used in an exploratory analysis of occupancy patterns in a public square in Barcelona. A sequential analysis revealed distinct patterns of use in different areas within the space, and at different moments during the day. These strategies offer important new opportunities to describe spatial occupancy patterns (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Environmental Research/methods , Space Maintenance, Orthodontic/trends , Reference Standards , Pattern Recognition, Automated , Environmental Biomarkers/methods , Environmental Misconduct/statistics & numerical data , Environmental Statistics/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
This article represents an approach to the free throw from the perspective of observational methodology. Faced with the obvious difficulty of transferring quantitative data resulting from the habitual biomechanical studies to everyday sports intervention, an easily accessible observational tool has been produced which, as a main contribution, allows the detection of T-patterns in free-throw shots. As the endorsement of the usefulness of the designed observational tool, an example is presented of the results obtained in a research design that studies a selection of grassroots basketball players (11-12 years).
Subject(s)
Basketball/standards , Child , Data Collection/standards , HumansABSTRACT
This paper explores the potential of systematic observational methodologies and field format instruments for the analysis of spatial appropriation processes. We present an observational instrument that facilitates the registration of a number of co-ocurrent variables related to different levels of responses (types of users, activities and environmental variables), which was used in an exploratory analysis of occupancy patterns in a public square in Barcelona. A sequential analysis revealed distinct patterns of use in different areas within the space, and at different moments during the day. These strategies offer important new opportunities to describe spatial occupancy patterns.
Subject(s)
Cities/statistics & numerical data , Urban Population/statistics & numerical data , Data Collection , Public Facilities , Safety , SpainABSTRACT
La comunicación próxima es indicador relevante para valorar la funcionalidad familiar. El objetivo es analizar esta comunicación para describir el tipo de liderazgo, los patrones de interacción y la relación entre elementos verbales y no verbales del discurso. El diseño observacional planteado es un diseño idiográfico, puntual y multidimensional, que utiliza el formato de campo como instrumento de observación. Los participantes han sido siete familias normalizadas formadas por los progenitores y un hijo adolescente. Los resultados, acordes con el tipo de familias analizadas, muestran un estilo de comunicación predominantemente democrático, ejercido por los adultos y con frecuentes expresiones de apoyo. El análisis secuencial incorpora únicamente las categorías del criterio emisor, y detecta secuencias significativas que muestran interacciones simétricas entre los tres miembros. Los canales verbal y no verbal aportan informaciones complementarias. Aparecen patrones diferentes en función del género del hijo/a adolescente
Nondistant communication is a relevant indicator for family functionality valuation. The goal of this study is to analyze this communication in order to identify specific kinds of leadership, interaction patterns and the relation between verbal and nonverbal elements in communication. The observational design exposed is an idiographic one, punctual and multidimensional, which uses field format as observation instrument. Participants were seven standardized families made up of both ancestors and an adolescent son or daughter. According to the family models analyzed, results show a predominantly democratic communication style in adults with recurrent support expressions. The sequential analysis incorporates only categories from the emitter point of view, and detects relevant sequences which show symmetric interaction between all three family members. Verbal and nonverbal channels provide complementary information. Depending on adolescents gender different patterns in behaviour can be identified as well
Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Family Relations , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Communication Barriers , 35249 , Leadership , Life Style , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
Interactive patterns detection in family communication with adolescents. Nondistant communication is a relevant indicator for family functionality valuation. The goal of this study is to analyze this communication in order to identify specific kinds of leadership, interaction patterns and the relation between verbal and nonverbal elements in communication. The observational design exposed is an idiographic one, punctual and multidimensional, which uses field format as observation instrument. Participants were seven standardized families made up of both ancestors and an adolescent son or daughter. According to the family models analyzed, results show a predominantly democratic communication style in adults with recurrent support expressions. The sequential analysis incorporates only categories from the emitter point of view, and detects relevant sequences which show symmetric interaction between all three family members. Verbal and nonverbal channels provide complementary information. Depending on adolescents' gender different patterns in behaviour can be identified as well.
Subject(s)
Parent-Child Relations , Psychology, Adolescent , Adolescent , Adult , Affect , Child , Communication , Family Relations , Female , Humans , Intergenerational Relations , Leadership , Male , Nonverbal Communication , Parents/psychology , Psychology, Child , Sex Factors , Social Support , Spouses/psychology , Verbal Behavior , Videotape RecordingABSTRACT
Las circunstancias inestables que caracterizan el contexto en el que se realiza la evaluación de programas de intervención hacen que sea prácticamente imposible plantear diseños de evaluación estándares. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir una serie de dimensiones estructurales de diseños de evaluación que se puedan implementar de una manera flexible en los contextos de intervención. Desde estos referentes de diseño de evaluación se intentará potenciar la obtención de información con el mayor grado de validez científica, sin arraigar la idea de una lista de diseños que pueden aplicarse ante determinadas situaciones estándares. El esquema de análisis de partida lo estructuramos en tres grandes dimensiones estructurales de diseño: Usuarios del programa, naturaleza de los datos, y momento temporal de registro. A partir de la combinación de estos ejes se justificarán el uso de un tipo de diseños u otros (AU)
Unstable circumstances of program evaluation contexts make impossible a systematization of program evaluation designs. The main objective of this paper is to describe the structural dimensions of program evaluation designs in order to implement them in a flexible way in different evaluation contexts. These dimensions will try to enhance scientific validity in evaluative data, not offering the conception of standard design structures for evaluations. The structural dimensions are: clients of the program, type of data, and recording moments. The combination of these dimensions will justify different evaluative designs (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Research Design , Program Evaluation/methods , Evaluation of the Efficacy-Effectiveness of Interventions , Psychometrics/methodsABSTRACT
En este estudio se introduce una modificación del concepto de retrospectividad en el análisis de coordenadas polares. Se aplica al deporte del tenis profesional en partidos de competición a partir del instrumento elaborado por Gorospe (1999), y se contemplan los dos análisis de retrospectividad, mostrándose las diferencias obtenidas (AU)
This study introduces a new concept of retrospectivity in polar coordinates analysis. We present an application to tennis professional sport in competition games through instrument made by Gorospe (1999). We have done both retrospectivity analysis, and show the differences between them (AU)
