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1.
Gerokomos (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 26(2): 58-62, jun. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-140196

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: clasificar y categorizar las lesiones relacionadas con la dependencia según la teoría de García-Fernández y cols. Metodología: estudio descriptivo y longitudinal realizado en una unidad de cuidados intensivos en el que se incluyó a todos los pacientes ingresados sin lesiones previas. Cada paciente fue evaluado diariamente hasta desarrollar una lesión relacionada con la dependencia o salida de estudio. Resultados: El 27,9% de los pacientes (n = 136) desarrollaron lesiones relacionadas con la dependencia, sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre pacientes que las desarrollaron y aquellos que no lo hicieron salvo para EMINA primer día (p = 0,035). Solo el 46,4% de las lesiones relacionadas con la dependencia se catalogaron como úlceras por presión. El 36,8% se relacionaron con dispositivos terapéuticos. Conclusiones: los resultados apoyan el cambio de paradigma propuesto por los autores, lo que permite diferenciar entre úlceras por presión y otro tipo de lesiones


Aim: Descriptive to clasified and categorize the dependence related lesions on the theory García-Fernández y cols. Metodology: Descriptive and longitudinal study in intensive care unit in which all patients admitted. We included patients without previous pressure ulcers. Each patient was assessed daily to develop dependence related lesions or output study. Results: 27.9% of patients (n = 136) developed dependence related lesions. No statistically significant differences between patients who developed dependence related lesions and those who did not save for EMINA first day (p = 0.035). Only 46.4% of dependence related lesions were classified as pressure ulcers. 36.8% were related to medical devices. Conclusions: Our results support the paradigm shift proposed by these authors allowing differentiation between pressure ulcers and other lesions


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Pressure Ulcer/epidemiology , Pressure Ulcer/etiology , Pressure Ulcer/prevention & control , Epidemiological Monitoring/trends , Mobility Limitation , Intensive Care Units , Friction , Humidity , Length of Stay , Hospitalization , Equipment and Supplies , Spain/epidemiology
2.
Gerokomos (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 26(1): 24-27, mar. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-140986

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio fue valorar la fiabilidad interobservador de las escalas EMINA y EVARUCI en una unidad de cuidados intensivos. Para ello, dos observadores valoraron diariamente el riesgo de desarrollar úlceras por presión mediante ambas escalas. La concordancia entre observadores para la puntuación total de las escalas se midió mediante el coeficiente de correlación intraclase (CCI) y la concordancia entre subescalas con el índice de Kappa. La fiabilidad total interobservador fue muy buena para EMINA, (CCI = 0,92) y para EVARUCI (CCI = 0, 99). En la escala EMINA el ítem nutrición presentó concordancia pobre (k = 0,137), mientras que las subescalas restantes presentaron concordancia buena. En la escala EVARUCI todas las subescalas mostraron buena concordancia


The aim of this study was to evaluate the interobserver reliability of the scales EMINA and EVARUCI in Intensive Care Unit. To this day two observers assessed the risk of developing pressure ulcers by EMINA and EVARUCI scales in all patients admitted. The interobserver agreement for the total score EVARUCI and EMINA was measured by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The agreement between the subscales was measured by Kappa. The overallinter observer reliability was very good for EMINA scale (ICC =0.92) and EVARUCI (ICC = 0.99). In item scale Nutrition EMINA presented poor agreement (k = 0.137) while the remaining subscales showed good agreement. On the scale EVARUCI all subscales showed very good agreement


Subject(s)
Aged, 80 and over , Aged , Humans , Pressure Ulcer/prevention & control , Critical Care/methods , Frail Elderly/statistics & numerical data , Risk Adjustment/methods , Evaluation of Results of Preventive Actions , Risk Factors , Reproducibility of Results , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data
3.
Metas enferm ; 13(2): 25-31, mar. 2010. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-91322

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: valorar la eficacia de un programa educacional como herramientapara disminuir la incidencia de Úlceras por Presión (UPP) y determinarlas variables asociadas a su aparición en el Servicio de CuidadosIntensivos (SCI) del Hospital Universitario Joan XXIII de Tarragona.Material y método: estudio experimental antes-después con cuatro momentosde medición. Período de tiempo: dos años. Se incluyeron todoslos pacientes ingresados. El programa educacional se estructuró en cuatroetapas y se siguieron las recomendaciones basadas en criterios deevidencia científica según el sistema GRADE. Se intervino en los diferentesaspectos de la prevención de las UPP y se modificó en función delas necesidades detectadas. Tratamiento de los datos: índices de estadísticadescriptiva y el análisis bivariante prueba de la t Student, U deMann-Whitney, Ji Cuadrada y test exacto de Fisher.Resultados: la muestra incluyó un total de 2.418 pacientes. La incidenciade pacientes con UPP al inicio del estudio fue de 14,1% descendiendohasta el 3,7% al final del mismo a pesar de que el riesgo de desa -rrollar UPP era mayor al final del estudio (10,9 frente a 8,6 en a escalaEMINA®). También aumentó significativamente el día de aparición deUPP (de 8,9 a 12,5 días).Conclusiones: la aplicación de un programa educativo ha permitido reducirla incidencia de UPP. Las variables más relacionadas con la apariciónde UPP en el SCI fueron: riesgo EMINA alto, utilización de dispositivosde apoyo estáticos y ser portador de SNG de polivinilo (calibre16 CH). La identificación de diversas áreas de mejora en cada uno de losperíodos de estudio permitió actuar de forma específica sobre cada unade ellas (AU)


Objective: to assess the efficacy of an educational programme as a toolto reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers and to determine the variablesassociated with the development of pressure ulcers in the Intensive CareService (ICS) of the Joan XXIII University Hospital of Tarragona.Material and method: a before-after experimental study with four measurementtime points. Time period: two years. All admitted patients wereincluded. The educational programme was structured in four stages andrecommendations based on the scientific evidence criteria of the GRADEsystem were followed. Interventions were carried out on differentaspects of pressure ulcer prevention and modified according to the needsdetected. Data analysis: descriptive statistics indexes and bivariateanalysis, Student’s “t” test, Mann-Whitney’s U, the Chi Square test andFisher’s exact test.Results: the sample included a total of 2,418 patients. The incidence ofpatients with pressure ulcers at the beginning of the study was 14,1%,decreasing to 3,7% at the end despite the fact that the risk of developinga pressure ulcer was also greater by the end of the study (10,9 versus8,6 in the EMINA scale). The day of onset of pressure ulcers also significantlyincreased (from 8,9 to 12,5 days).Conclusions: the application of an educational programme has reducedthe incidence of pressure ulcers. The variables that are most related withthe appearance of pressure ulcers in the ICS were: high EMINA risk,use of static support devices and having a polyvinyl catheter (16 CHFrench gauge/5,3 mm). The identification of several improvement areasin each of the study periods enabled specific interventions on each oneof them (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Critical Care/methods , Pressure Ulcer/prevention & control , Perioperative Nursing/methods , Education, Nursing/methods , Evaluation of Results of Preventive Actions
4.
Enferm Intensiva ; 15(1): 11-6, 2004.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14998445

ABSTRACT

The authors inquire if in an educational process and a change in the management for the central venous catheters, have any effect in the decrease of the catheter-related infection (CRI). The strategy consist on doing a new protocol and its communication to the professional people twice per year. A population descriptive analysis is done with medians and description of the etiology. The percentages of CRI are compared between controls periods of one year and intervention periods of one year as well, using association measurements. A total number of 31 CRI's were diagnosed, 19 in the control process and 12 in the intervention process with a results of 8.17 and 4.29 per thousand days of central venous catheter (OR = 0.52; IC = 95%, 0.25 -1.03). In no case was death related with the CRI. The new strategy of handling the central veins access, based on the implications of the assistant staff, reduce the risk of CRI


Subject(s)
Bacterial Infections/prevention & control , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Catheterization, Central Venous/nursing , Equipment Contamination , Infection Control , APACHE , Bacteremia/prevention & control , Female , Humans , Intensive Care Units , Male , Middle Aged , Time Factors
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