ABSTRACT
Objective:The present study was carried out to compare a bilingual (Balouchi & Persian) vocal patient education program and routine education on patient's self-efficacy in type 2 diabetes patients suffering from visual impairments. Material and methods:This semi-experimental study was conducted on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) suffering from visual impairments. A total number of 90 participants were divided into two equal groups: 45 patients in the intervention group and 45 controls in the routine care group. A permuted block randomization (AB) using a random number generator by default was implemented to organize the two groups. One of the researchers collected the demographics and self-efficacy data through face to face interviews. The diabetes management self-efficacy scale (DMSES) was used for self-efficacy assessment. Patients in the intervention group received an MP3 Player including 90 minutes of vocal education. Results:There were no significant differences in participants' demographic characteristics between the two study groups. However, a remarkable rise was observed in the self-efficacy score (P<0.0001) as well as HA1C and FBS levels among patients in the intervention group after vocal education (P<0.001). Conclusions:The findings of the present research suggest nursing and public health policy makers to reconsider their traditional patient education programs, particularly for diabetes patients with visual impairments among indigenous people.
ABSTRACT
We investigated the association between the levels of air pollutants and the number of daily admissions due to ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in a metropolitan in the northwest of Iran. Daily concentrations of common air pollutants were obtained for the greater city of Tabriz for a period of 2 years. These reports included sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen byproducts (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), and particulate matters < 10 µm (PM10). The census of admissions for STEMI was retrieved for the same period from hospital registries. The association of daily variations in air pollutant levels and the daily number of STEMI admissions were investigated in a time-series analysis. In the multi-pollutant model adjusting for long-term trend, seasonality, and temperature, a significant association was found for 1-h [NO2] and 24-h [CO]. A marginally significant association was observed for 24-h [NO2] and 8-h [CO]. The 24-h [CO] had the strongest association with the number of admissions with STEMI. Maximum 1-h concentrations of NO2 on the same day and on the prior day as well as 24-h concentrations of CO on the prior day were independently associated with increased number of STEMI admissions. However, daily concentrations of SO2, NO, O3, and PM10 were not associated with the frequency of hospital admissions for STEMI.
