[Phylogenetic Analysis of Ukrainian Isolate of Beet Necrotic Yellow Vein Virus].

The analysis of Ukrainian isolate of beet necrotic yellow vein virus has been performed. The partial nucleotide sequence of cDNA corresponding to RNA-2 of BNYVV isolates were analyzed and Ukrainian isolate AG9 of BNYVV was assigned to type A strains based on DNA sequences. The nucleotide sequence of gene encoding a coat protein of Ukrainian isolate of BNYVV was compared with appropriate nucleotide sequences existing in the GeneBank and the phylogenetic analysis of investigated virus was done. It was shown that Ukrainian isolate AG9 of BNYVV has 100 % homology to isolate originating from Sweden.

[Identification of 16S RNA and PagL genes of Ralstonia solanacearum].

Features of nucleic acids sequences of genes of lipid A deacylases of R. solanacearum, which are presented in GenBank database, were analyzed. Primers to this gene were selected, and using them 12 strains of R. solanacearum were analyzed for the presence of this gene in their genome by means of PCR method. PagL gene was identified in strain 749, and dependence of its transcription on some environmental conditions was established.

[The virus infection progression in potato plants in conditions of simulated microgravitation].

The influence of simulated microgravitation (clinostating) on the proceeding of mixed virus infection in Zhuravushka variety potato plants, infected with potato viruses X and M (PVX, PVM) was investigated. It was shown, that sensitivity of "virus-plant" system to microgravitation depends both on pathogene species and clinostating mode. Vertical clinostating was found to be more effective than horizontal one. By means of biotest, PCR and ELISA it was detected that potato plants, infected with PVX and PVM are released from PVX under the influence of clinostating during 19-47 days. Assume, that microgravitation is able to induce some protective reactions in plants that influence virus reproduction.

Automated semantic indexing of imaging reports to support retrieval of medical images in the multimedia electronic medical record.

This paper describes preliminary work evaluating automated semantic indexing of radiology imaging reports to represent images stored in the Image Engine multimedia medical record system at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. The authors used the SAPHIRE indexing system to automatically identify important biomedical concepts within radiology reports and represent these concepts with terms from the 1998 edition of the U.S. National Library of Medicine's Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) Metathesaurus. This automated UMLS indexing was then compared with manual UMLS indexing of the same reports. Human indexing identified appropriate UMLS Metathesaurus descriptors for 81% of the important biomedical concepts contained in the report set. SAPHIRE automatically identified UMLS Metathesaurus descriptors for 64% of the important biomedical concepts contained in the report set. The overall conclusions of this pilot study were that the UMLS metathesaurus provided adequate coverage of the majority of the important concepts contained within the radiology report test set and that SAPHIRE could automatically identify and translate almost two thirds of these concepts into appropriate UMLS descriptors. Further work is required to improve both the recall and precision of this automated concept extraction process.

Towards knowledge-based retrieval of medical images. The role of semantic indexing, image content representation and knowledge-based retrieval.

Medicine is increasingly image-intensive. The central importance of imaging technologies such as computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in clinical decision making, combined with the trend to store many "traditional" clinical images such as conventional radiographs, microscopic pathology and dermatology images in digital format present both challenges and an opportunities for the designers of clinical information systems. The emergence of Multimedia Electronic Medical Record Systems (MEMRS), architectures that integrate medical images with text-based clinical data, will further hasten this trend. The development of these systems, storing a large and diverse set of medical images, suggests that in the future MEMRS will become important digital libraries supporting patient care, research and education. The representation and retrieval of clinical images within these systems is problematic as conventional database architectures and information retrieval models have, until recently, focused largely on text-based data. Medical imaging data differs in many ways from text-based medical data but perhaps the most important difference is that the information contained within imaging data is fundamentally knowledge-based. New representational and retrieval models for clinical images will be required to address this issue. Within the Image Engine multimedia medical record system project at the University of Pittsburgh we are evolving an approach to representation and retrieval of medical images which combines semantic indexing using the UMLS Metathesuarus, image content-based representation and knowledge-based image analysis.

WebReport: a World Wide Web based clinical multimedia reporting system.

This paper describes WebReport, a World Wide Web (WWW) client for the Image Engine multimedia clinical information system under development at the University of Pittsburgh. WebReport uses advanced HTML features such as frames, forms, tables and inline JPEG image display to provide an easy to use system for retrieving and viewing diagnostic images and reports generated by clinical procedures such as gastrointestinal endoscopy, radiology and surgical pathology. WebReport implements a number of WWW client-side features, such as HTML forms data entry verification and makes extensive use of the JavaScript programming language. The WebReport system uses a number of approaches for ensuring the confidentiality and security of patient data transmitted over the InterNet.

[Phagocytic link of immunity in patients surgically treated for chronic calculous cholecystitis]. / Fagotsitarnoe zveno immuniteta u operirovannykh po povodu khronicheskogo kal'kuleznogo kholetsistita.

Twenty-two females, 38 to 75 years of age, who underwent planned operation for chronic uncomplicated calculous cholecystitis were examined in the pre- and postoperative period. Postoperative pneumonia developed in 4 (13.4%) patients, no other complications occurred. Functional neutrophil activity was studied according to the following parameters: spontaneous and induced NBT test, myeloperoxidase activity, amount of cationic proteins, expression of Fc receptors, spontaneous and induced luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, neutrophil bactericidal action against H-thymidine-labelled Staphylococcus aureus (strain 209), amount of blood immunoglobulins, and the modulating effect of serum of patients on the chemiluminescence of neutrophils of healthy donors. The control group consisted of 35 volunteers whose ages ranged from 18 to 50 years. Basic differences were revealed between the indices of neutrophil activity in patients with an uneventful postoperative period and those of patients with infectious complications in the preoperative period which became much graver in the early postoperative period. This suggests that neutrophilic dysfunctions play a significant role in the development of postoperative infectious complications in this category of patients.

[Ectopic pregnancy after the treatment of infertility by the method of extracorporeal fertilization]. / Ektopicheskaia beremennost' pri lechenii besplodiia metodom ékstrakorporal'nogo oplodotroreniia.

During October 1987 to June 1989, 609 infertile couples have been treated using in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Of 78 conceptions (15.7% of transferred embryos), 6 (7.7%) pregnancies were ectopic (5 tubal and 1 ovarian). After diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy all the patients were operated; the ovary was resected in 1 patients and tubectomies were done in 5 patients (laparoscopically in 1). All the diagnoses were confirmed histologically. Since prevention of ectopic pregnancy in IVF-ET is not reliable, the patients enrolled for IVF-ET should be considered to be at risk and closely followed up.

[Optical properties of tissues and organs in relation to laser rays with a wave length of 632.8 and 488 nm]. / Opticheskie svoistva nekotorykh tkanei i organov po otnosheniiu k lucham lazerov s dlinoi volny 632,8 i 488 nm.

The authors measure the coefficient of attenuation of the equivalent depth of penetration in tissues and organs of rats of helium-neon and argon lasers with the generation wave length of 632.8 and 488 nm, respectively. Blood and organs with numerous capillaries proved to have the greatest capacity to absorb laser ray energy. With the reduction of the generation wave length there occurred a sharp partial elevation of the absorptive capacity of the blood. This permits to expect a greater blood photoreactivity to laser rays generating in the short wave part of the visible wave length range.

[Characteristics of the blood system of inbred and mongrel mice]. / Kharakteristika sistemy krovi lineinykh i neinbrednykh myshei.

Peripheral blood and bone marrow indices were studied in inbred (101/H, CC57W, A2G, CBA/Lac, B6WV, C57BL/6, ACR) and mongrel mice. Normal values of the morphological composition of the blood and bone marrow were established. Comparative analysis demonstrated the existence of differences in the mentioned indices not only between the inbred and mongrel mice, but also within the individual animal strains.

[Myeloinhibitory effect of the action of some antitumor antibiotics and its comparative assessment]. / Mieloingibiruiushchii éffekt deistviia nekotorykh protivoopukholevykh antibiotikov i ego sravnitel'naia otsenka

General toxic and myeloinhibitory effects of some antitumor antibiotics, such as rubomycin, olivomycin, bruneomycin and karminomycin administered intraperitoneally in a single LD50 to mice were studied. It was found that the general toxicity of bruneomycin and karminomycin was almost the same and 5 to 8 times higher than that of rubomycin and olivomycin. The use of the above antibiotics resulted in definite shifts in the blood systems of healthy mice. The most significant suppression of hemopoesis accompanied by a pronounced depression of the number of the myelocariocytes was observed after the use of olivomycin. The effect of karminomycin was characterized by suppression of erythro-, myelo- and lymphopoesis and depression of the number of the granulocytes and lymphocytes of the blood. Bruneomycin and rubomycin had a short-time myeloinhibitory effect. The erythroid cords of the bone marrow proved to be most sensitive to the inhibitory effect of the antibiotics. However, inhibition of the erythropoesis accompanied by deep reticulocytopenia did not induce the respective depression of the erythrocyte number. The lymphoid cords was in the 2nd place by its sensitivity to the antibiotics and the myeloid and megocariocytal cords were in the 3rd and the 4th places respectively. Complete reduction of hemopoesis in the animals was observed by the 10th day of the drugs use.