ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Valorar la formación, la percepción de preparación y las necesidades formativas en cuidados paliativos (CP) teóricas y prácticas de las enfermeras de atención primaria en España. Diseño: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Emplazamiento: Centros de atención primaria en España con acceso online. Participantes: Enfermeras de atención primaria en España durante enero y febrero de 2021. De las 344 respuestas, 339 cumplían criterios de inclusión. Mediciones principales: Se analizaron variables sociodemográficas, formación en CP, necesidades de formación mediante cuestionario online de Google Forms e Instrumento INCUE. Se realizaron análisis descriptivos y se compararon los resultados mediante test de simetría exacto y test de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Mayoritariamente mujeres (82,6%) con una media de edad de 45,5años. El 86,1% de las enfermeras encuestadas tenían formación en CP, siendo básica en el 45,4%. Solo el 40,5% se sienten bastante o muy preparadas para cuidar de pacientes paliativos. Demandaban mayor formación en psicoemocional y duelo y afrontamiento de pérdidas. Superaron el bloque teórico el 83,76%, frente el 43,36% del práctico, detectándose mayores necesidades formativas en este último (p<0,001). Las proporciones de capacitados variaban en función del nivel formativo. Conclusiones: La formación enfermera en CP en atención primaria continúa siendo deficitaria sobre todo en su aplicación práctica, siendo necesaria formación dirigida para que repercuta en el cuidado de las personas con necesidades paliativas y sus familias.(AU)
Aim: Asses training, perception of readiness and training needs in palliative care (PC) theoretical and practical of primary care nurses in Spain, through descriptive cross-sectional study. Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Setting: Primary care nurses in Spain with online access. Participants: Primary care nurses in Spain, January and February 2021. 344 responses, 339 met the inclusion criteria. Main neasurements: Sociodemographic variables, PC training, training needs were analyzed. Through Google Forms online questionnaire and INCUE Instrument. Descriptive analyses were performed and the results were compared using the exact symmetry test and the Mann-Whitney test. Results: 82,6% women, with an average age of 45.5years. 86.1% of the nurses had training in PC, been basic in the 45.4%. Only 40.5% feel quite or very prepared to take care for palliative patients. Nurses demanded more training in psycho-emotional and grief and coping with losses. 83.76% passed the theoretical block compared to 43.36% of the practical, detecting higher training needs in the last (P<.001). The passed rates varied depending on the educational level. Conclusions: Nursing training in PC in primary care continues to be deficient, especially in practical application. Targeted training is necessary to have an impact on the care of people with palliative needs and their families.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Palliative Care , Nurses , Professional Training , Spain , Surveys and Questionnaires , Statistics, Nonparametric , Education, Nursing , Nursing Care , Cross-Sectional Studies , Primary Health CareABSTRACT
AIM: Asses training, perception of readiness and training needs in palliative care (PC) theoretical and practical of primary care nurses in Spain, through descriptive cross-sectional study. DESIGN: Descriptive cross-sectional study. SETTING: Primary care nurses in Spain with online access. PARTICIPANTS: Primary care nurses in Spain, January and February 2021. 344 responses, 339 met the inclusion criteria. MAIN NEASUREMENTS: Sociodemographic variables, PC training, training needs were analyzed. Through Google Forms online questionnaire and INCUE Instrument. Descriptive analyses were performed and the results were compared using the exact symmetry test and the Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS: 82,6% women, with an average age of 45.5years. 86.1% of the nurses had training in PC, been basic in the 45.4%. Only 40.5% feel quite or very prepared to take care for palliative patients. Nurses demanded more training in psycho-emotional and grief and coping with losses. 83.76% passed the theoretical block compared to 43.36% of the practical, detecting higher training needs in the last (P<.001). The passed rates varied depending on the educational level. CONCLUSIONS: Nursing training in PC in primary care continues to be deficient, especially in practical application. Targeted training is necessary to have an impact on the care of people with palliative needs and their families.
Subject(s)
Palliative Care , Primary Health Care , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Palliative Care/methods , Spain , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Many instruments have been created to measure knowledge and attitudes in palliative care. However, not only is it important to acquire knowledge, but also that this knowledge should reach patients and their relatives through application in clinical practice. This study aimed to develop and psychometrically test the INCUE questionnaire (Investigación Cuidados Enfermeros/Investigation into Nurses' Care Understanding of End-of-Life) to assess the basic training needs of primary or home healthcare nurses in palliative care. A questionnaire was developed based on the classical theory of tests and factor analysis models. Initially, 18 experts developed 67 items in two blocks and determined content validity by two rounds of expert panels. Exploratory factor analysis and reliability testing were conducted with a non-probabilistic sample of 370 nurses. Some items were observed to have very low homogeneity indices or presented convergence problems and were eliminated. Questionnaire reliability was 0.700 in the theoretical block (KR20 Index) and 0.941 in the practical block (Cronbach's alpha). The model converges and shows an adequate fit, specifically CFI = 0.977, TLI = 0.977 and RMSEA = 0.05. The correlation between the two factors in the model is ρ = 0.63. The questionnaire objectively evaluates primary or home healthcare nurses' knowledge of palliative care and its practical application, thereby facilitating more efficient training plans.
