Description of the female of Leptagrion jeromei Lencioni, Vilela & Furieri, 2021 (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) with taxonomic notes on the male.

The female of Leptagrion jeromei Lencioni, Vilela & Furieri, 2021 is described, illustrated, and diagnosed based on a specimen collected in epiphytic bromeliads at the Federal University of Sergipe ( (B0545), BRAZIL, Federal University of Sergipe, So Cristvo, -10.92707, -37.10100, 30 m asl, 6.x.2023, A.B.S. Farias & J.C. Santos leg.). Additionally, we provide information on its biology, ecology, and taxonomic notes, along with illustrations of the collected males.

Checklist of Odonata species from Serra of Itabaiana National Park, and an update and new records for the state of Sergipe, Brazil / Checklist das espécies de Odonata do Parque Nacional da Serra de Itabaiana, e uma atualização e novos registros para o estado de Sergipe, Brasil

Abstract Understanding species diversity and distribution cannot be overstated in the development of effective management and biological conservation strategies. Our goal was to address the knowledge gap regarding dragonfly diversity in the northeastern Atlantic Forest, specifically in the Serra of Itabaiana National Park in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. During our study, we recorded 40 species and 969 Odonata individuals across six families and 25 genera. This study contributes 27 new occurrence records of Odonata species in Sergipe, Brazil, highlighting the significance of preserving and protecting the habitats of this region. Our findings provide valuable information on the distribution of dragonfly species in the state of Sergipe and the Northeast region.

Resumo A compreensão da diversidade e distribuição das espécies é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de estratégias efetivas de manejo e conservação biológica. Nosso objetivo foi abordar a lacuna de conhecimento sobre a diversidade de libélulas na Mata Atlântica nordestina, especificamente na Serra do Parque Nacional de Itabaiana, no estado de Sergipe, Brasil. Durante nosso estudo, registramos 40 espécies e 969 indivíduos de Odonata em seis famílias e 25 gêneros. Este estudo contribui com 27 novos registros de ocorrência de espécies de Odonata em Sergipe, Brasil, destacando a importância de preservar e proteger os habitats desta região. Nossos resultados fornecem informações valiosas sobre a distribuição das espécies de libélulas no estado de Sergipe e na região Nordeste.

Unveiling the Angiotensin-(1-7) Actions on the Urinary Bladder in Female Rats.

Angiotensin-(1-7) is a peptide produced by different pathways, and regardless of the route, the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2) is involved in one of the steps of its synthesis. Angiotensin-(1-7) binds to Mas receptors localized in different cells throughout the body. Whether angiotensin-(1-7) exerts any action in the urinary bladder (UB) is still unknown. We investigated the effects of intravenous and topical (in situ) administration of angiotensin-(1-7) on intravesical pressure (IP) and cardiovascular variables. In addition, the Mas receptors and ACE-2 gene and protein expression were analyzed in the UB. Adult female Wistar rats were anesthetized with 2% isoflurane in 100% O2 and submitted to the catheterization of the femoral artery and vein for mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) recordings, and infusion of drugs, respectively. The renal blood flow was acquired using a Doppler flow probe placed around the left renal artery and the renal conductance (RC) was calculated as a ratio of Doppler shift (kHz) and MAP. The cannulation of the UB was performed for IP recording. We observed that angiotensin-(1-7) either administered intravenously [115.8 ± 28.6% angiotensin-(1-7) vs. -2.9 ± 1.3% saline] or topically [147.4 ± 18.9% angiotensin-(1-7) vs. 3.2 ± 2.8% saline] onto the UB evoked a significant (p < 0.05) increase in IP compared to saline and yielded no changes in MAP, HR, and RC. The marked response of angiotensin-(1-7) on the UB was also investigated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting assay, which demonstrated the mRNA and protein expression of Mas receptors in the bladder, respectively. ACE-2 mRNA and protein expression was also observed in the bladder. Therefore, the findings demonstrate that angiotensin-(1-7) acts in the UB to increase the IP and suggest that this peptide can be also locally synthesized in the UB.

Differential cytotoxic activity of pharmacological inhibitors of IGF1R-related pathways in JAK2V617F driven cells.

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) belong to a group of clonal diseases of hematopoietic stem cells characterized by aberrant proliferation of mature myeloid lineages. The constitutive activation of the JAK2/STAT signaling pathway is now well established to play a central role in MPN pathogenesis; however, accumulating evidence now indicates that the IGF1R-mediated signaling pathway contributes to the maintenance of the malignant phenotype. Studies using inhibitors of IGF1-mediated signaling have reported cytotoxic effects in cellular and murine models of MPN, but no consensus has been reached regarding the potency and efficacy of inhibitors of the IGF1R-related pathway in this context. In the present study, we compared the potency and efficacy of three inhibitors of IGF1R-related pathways in a JAK2V617F-driven cellular model. These inhibitors (NT157, OSI-906, and NVP-AEW54) present antineoplastic activity with similar efficacy in Ba/F3 JAK2V617F cells, with NT157 showing the greatest potency. Both the induction of apoptosis and reduction in cell proliferation were associated with the observed reduction in cell viability. Downregulation of JAK2/STAT signaling was an advantageous off-target effect of all three inhibitors. These preclinical studies reinforce the potential of the IGF1R-related pathway as a therapeutic target in MPN.

Phenformin increases early hematopoietic progenitors in the Jak2V617F murine model.

BACKGROUND: Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are disorders characterized by an alteration at the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) level, where the JAK2 mutation is the most common genetic alteration found in classic MPN (polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis). We and others previously demonstrated that metformin reduced splenomegaly and platelets counts in peripheral blood in JAK2V617F pre-clinical MPN models, which highlighted the antineoplastic potential of biguanides for MPN treatment. Phenformin is a biguanide that has been used to treat diabetes, but was withdrawn due to its potential to cause lactic acidosis in patients. AIMS: We herein aimed to investigate the effects of phenformin in MPN disease burden and stem cell function in Jak2V617F-knockin MPN mice. RESULTS: In vitro phenformin treatment reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis in SET2 JAK2V67F cells. Long-term treatment with 40 mg/kg phenformin in Jak2V617F knockin mice increased the frequency of LSK, myeloid progenitors (MP), and multipotent progenitors (MPP) in the bone marrow. Phenformin treatment did not affect peripheral blood counts, spleen weight, megakaryocyte count, erythroid precursors frequency, or ex vivo clonogenic capacity. Ex vivo treatment of bone marrow cells from Jak2V617F knockin mice with phenformin did not affect hematologic parameters or engraftment in recipient mice. CONCLUSIONS: Phenformin increased the percentages of LSK, MP, and MPP populations, but did not reduce disease burden in Jak2V617F-knockin mice. Additional studies are necessary to further understand the effects of phenformin on early hematopoietic progenitors.

Enfrentamento e estigmatização do obeso mórbido / Coping and stigmatization of the morbidly obese / Enfrentamiento y estigmatización del obeso mórbido

Objetivo: Compreender o enfrentamento do obeso mórbido em situações do cotidiano e estilo de vida. Métodos: Pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, com abordagem fenomenológica, realizada no setor de endocrinologia e cirurgia bariátrica de hospital terciário de referência no Ceará, com 22 obesos mórbidos, no período de dezembro de 2018 a fevereiro de 2019. Utilizou-se para a pesquisa pacientes maiores de 18 anos com IMC ≥40kg/m². A obtenção dos dados ocorreu por meio de entrevista com informações sociodemográficas, seguida de entrevista fenomenológica a partir da pergunta norteadora: como você se percebe na sociedade como obeso mórbido? Resultados: O grupo constituiu-se de 22 participantes, com média de idade de 44,1± 7,67 anos. Do total, 15 (68,1%) residiam no interior do estado, dez (45,4%) possuíam ensino médio completo, e 13 (59%) eram casados. As categorias que emergiram dos discursos deram-se enquanto: o preconceito da sociedade; dieta como modo de vida ou sacrifício?; a moda como um vilão para o obeso. Discutiram-se os relatos a partir do olhar fenomenológico de Merleau- Ponty. Conclusão: Ressalta-se a complexidade da intervenção sobre a obesidade diante de uma situação que envolve inúmerasquestões biológicas, psicológicas e sociais. As formas de enfretamento perpassaram por sentimentos de vergonha, desânimo,motivação para terapias e raiva.

Objective: To understand morbidly obese individuals' coping with everyday situations and lifestyle. Methods: A qualitative research was conducted using a phenomenological approach at the endocrinology and bariatric surgery sector of a reference tertiary hospital in Ceará with 22 morbidly obese individuals from December 2018 to February 2019. Research participants were over 18 years old and had a BMI ≥40kg/m². Data were collected through an interview to collect sociodemographic information, followed by a phenomenological interview based on the guiding question: how do you perceive yourself in society as morbidly obese? Results: The group consisted of 22 participants with a mean age of 44.1±7.67 years. Of the total, 15 (68.1%) lived in the countryside of the state, ten (45.4%) had completed secondary education, and 13 (59%) were married. The categories that emerged from the reports were: society's prejudice; diet as a way of life or sacrifice?; fashion as a villain for the obese. The reports were discussed from the phenomenological point of view of Merleau-Ponty. Conclusion: The complexity of intervention on obesity is highlighted in a situation that involves numerous biological, psychological and social issues. The ways of coping ranged from feelings of shame to discouragement to motivation for therapies and anger

Objetivo: Comprender el enfrentamiento del obeso mórbido en situaciones del cotidiano y su estilo de vida. Métodos: Investigación de naturaleza cualitativa y de abordaje fenomenológica realizada en el sector de endocrinología y cirugía bariátrica del hospital terciario de referencia de Ceará con 22 obesos mórbidos, en el período entre diciembre de 2018 y febrero de 2019. Para la investigación se utilizó los pacientes con más de 18 años y el IMC ≥40kg/m². La obtención de los datos se dio a través de entrevista con informaciones sociodemográficas, seguida de la entrevista fenomenológica a partir de la pregunta norteadora: ¿cómo te ves en la sociedad como una persona con obesidad mórbida? Resultados: El grupo tenía 22 participantes con media de edad de 44,1± 7,67 años. Del total de participantes, 15 (68,1%) vivían en el campo, diez (45,4%) tenían educación básica completa y 13 (59%) eran casados. Las categorías que emergieron de los discursos fueron: el prejuicio de la sociedad; ¿la dieta como modo de vida o sacrificio?; la moda como el villano para el obeso. Se ha discutido los relatos a partir de la mirada fenomenológica de Merleau-Ponty. Conclusión: Se destaca la complejidad de la intervención sobre la obesidad ante una situación que tiene inúmeras cuestiones biológicas, psicológicas y sociales. Las formas de enfrentamiento pasan por sentimientos de vergüenza, desanimo, la motivación para las terapias y la rabia.

Enteral nutritional support for patients hospitalized with COVID-19: Results from the first wave in a public hospital.

OBJECTIVES: Nutrition has become an important component in treating individuals during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which is increasingly affecting the world population and causing a collapse in health services. Prolonged hospitalization, including immobilization and catabolism, induces a decrease in body weight and muscle mass that may result in sarcopenia, a condition that impairs respiratory and cardiac function and worsens the prognosis. The present study aimed to analyze enteral nutritional support and the clinical evolution of patients admitted with COVID-19 in Brazil. METHODS: This was a retrospective study, conducted from March to May 2020, of patients admitted to a referral hospital in cardiology and pulmonology in Fortaleza-Ce/Brazil. Two hundred patients infected with COVID-19 were selected for the study. Sociodemographic, clinical, and nutritional data were collected from electronic medical records, and associations between outcomes and the use of the prone body position with nutritional variables were analyzed by linear regression. Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval estimates for the death outcome were analyzed by logistic regression. RESULTS: Of the 112 patients who were fed by enterally, the majority were male (n = 61; 54.5%), elderly (n = 88; 78.6%), and with no current smoking habit (n = 81; 72.3%). The median hospital stay was 14 d, mostly in intensive care units (median: 9 d). Prone body positioning impacted the nutritional therapy. In general, patients who maintained a prone body position tested lower for kcal/kg of body weight, protein/kg of body weight, percentage of diet adequacy, and total caloric value. In addition, patients who died had a lower mean maximum kcal/kg body weight, protein/kg body weight, percentage of diet adequacy, and total caloric value compared with surviving patients. CONCLUSIONS: An association between inadequacies in protein and energy supply with mortality was confirmed, suggesting that nutritional support optimization should be prescribed in such situations.

Perceived discrimination in health services and associated factors in Manaus Metropolitan Region, Brazil: a cross-sectional population-based study.

Objectives: Discrimination is the differentiated treatment of individuals due to prejudgments. Discriminatory practices in health care result in negative effects on patients' health. In Brazil, skin color represents the main form of racial discrimination, which may have an impact on the accessibility and quality of health care. The Brazilian Amazon lacks investigations on this topic at the population level. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of perceived discrimination in health services and associated factors in the Manaus Metropolitan Region, state of Amazonas, Brazil.Design: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with a probabilistic sample of adults interviewed in 2015. The associated factors were investigated by calculating the prevalence ratio (PR) using Poisson regression with robust variance.Results: A total of 4,001 participants were included. The overall prevalence of perceived discrimination was 12.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 11.8-13.9%). When compared to the reference categories, women (PR = 1.43; 95%CI: 1.20-1.70), individuals with brown skin color (Brazilian mixed race; PR = 1.33; 95%CI: 1.04-1.71), people who suffer from hypertension (PR = 1.27;95%CI: 1.03-1.57), and people who frequently used health services (p≤0.03) experienced more discrimination from health professionals.Conclusions: The prevalence of perceived discrimination in health services in Manaus Metropolitan Region is frequent and is associated with ethnic, social and health-related factors. Investments in inclusive public health policies and a better quality of health assistance are required to tackle this problem.

Which role for trait-anxiety in paternal perinatal depression? Preliminary results on healthy subjects.

OBJECTIVES: Paternal Perinatal Depression (PPND) is a clinical condition, referred to emergence of depressive mood, i.e. sadness, hopelessness, despair and melancholy, but also loss of interest, and impairment in concentration and work performance, in fathers during the pregnancy in first postpartum year. Recently, the overlap with anxiety disorders is frequently observed. The study was aimed at evaluating a relationship between trait-anxiety and symptoms of PPND, in order to highlight trait-anxiety in onset of depressive syndrome. STUDY DESIGN: A total number 79 participants have been recruited by convenience sampling method. Partners of pregnant women at the second trimester of pregnancy (17 ÷ 21 weeks of gestation) were consecutively recruited. At baseline, in 2nd trimester of pregnancy, and at 2nd months after childbirth, the psychiatric interview and socio-demographic data collection, were carried out and all subjects completed a self-administered STAI questionnaire. In postpartum period, the subjects completed the screening for postpartum depressive symptoms with PDSS scale. RESULTS: Severity of "Anxiety proneness," assessed by STAI-Y, was "moderate in total sample (mean 58.7 ± 4.2). All fathers reported scores in clinical range, with one subject (1.3%) described as "mild," 56 "moderate" (70.9%), and 22 "severe" (27.8%). For symptoms of PPND, considering total sample, severity of depressive symptoms, was at the upper normal limit (mean score ± S.D. = 59.2 ± 33.1) and according to cutoff, in 35 subjects "normal adjustment" (44.3%), "significant symptoms" (13.9%) and "positive" in 33 (41.8%). We find a positive correlation among total score of STAI-Y and PDSS subscales, in particular section of Anxiety/Insecurity (p = .011), Emotional Liability (p = .007), Cognitive Impairment (p = .023), and Loss of Self (p = .012). CONCLUSIONS: Trait-anxiety, as a personality dimension, is included in neuroticism, that is one of the risk factors of the clinical condition of prenatal depression. In our study, we found a level of pathological trait anxiety, assessed in the post-partum phase. This confirms the stability of the trait anxiety construct, as a dimensional component of the personality and the findings, may be useful for promote early intervention programs for psychological support of parents, focused on individual differences in anxiety vulnerability.

[Inadequacy of macro and micronutrients on offer in two full-time public schools in Northeastern Brazil]. / Inadequação de macro e micronutrientes oferecidos em duas escolas de tempo integral públicas no Nordeste do Brasil.

The National School Food Program guarantees the food of students in public and philanthropic schools by means of the transfer of funds. During adolescence, which is an important period of nutritional vulnerability, a healthy diet is responsible for the rates of physical growth and changes in body composition. The objective was to analyze the adequacy of macro- and micronutrients provided to adolescents in full-time public schools in northeastern Brazil. The menus were evaluated using the parameters to meet 70% of the daily nutritional needs in terms of macronutrients and micronutrients of the students involved. It was found that, for most age groups, energy requirements were not met, attaining the maximum adequacy of 86.2%, and protein ingestion was only sufficient on four days. The average amount of carbohydrates and lipids was below the recommended dose for all age groups. The levels of Vitamin C, zinc and calcium were insufficient in most of the meals on offer, though the iron quota was adequate for all age groups. The conclusion drawn is that enhanced planning needs to be incorporated in the preparation of menus to attempt to attain the requirements stipulated in the Program.

O Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar garante por meio da transferência de recursos financeiros a alimentação de alunos em escolas públicas e filantrópicas. Na adolescência, a boa nutrição é influenciada pelas taxas de crescimento físico e de alterações na composição corporal, sendo um período importante de vulnerabilidade nutricional. Objetivou-se analisar a adequação de macro e micronutrientes oferecidos aos adolescentes de escolas públicas de tempo integral no Nordeste do Brasil. Os cardápios foram avaliados utilizando os parâmetros para o atendimento de 70% das necessidades nutricionais diárias de macronutrientes e micronutrientes dos alunos beneficiários. Nota-se que, na maioria das faixas etárias, não houve o atendimento das necessidades energéticas, atingindo o percentual máximo de adequação de 86,2%. Houve adequação de proteínas em quatro dias apenas. O valor médio de carboidratos e lipídios estiveram abaixo do recomendado para todos os grupos etários. Os teores de Vitamina C, zinco e cálcio estiveram abaixo na maioria das preparações oferecidas. A quantidade de ferro foi alcançada em todas as faixas etárias. Conclui-se que deve haver um melhor planejamento na elaboração dos cardápios para tentar alcançar as necessidades previstas pelo Programa.

Characteristics of the clinical treatment of Brazilian and French older adults with diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to compare the drug therapy profile between French older adults with diabetes of the GERODIAB cohort and Brazilian older adults with diabetes assessed in a cross-sectional study conducted in Brazil. METHOD: This quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 246 Brazilian people aged 65 and over receiving care through the Unified Health System in the city of Fortaleza, Northeastern Brazil, who were compared to a sample of 987 French people aged 70 and over receiving care the Rouen University Center in France. RESULTS: The French participants treated for type 2 diabetes (T2D) with insulin alone, insulin + oral hypoglycemic agent (OHA) or OHA/GLP-1 analogue were older and presented higher mean values for body mass index, waist circumference and duration of diabetes in years. The French reported more episodes of hypoglycemia in all treatment modalities. These episodes occurred more frequently in the older adults treated with insulin alone and less frequently in those treated with OHA or GLP-1 analogues. The percentage of Brazilian and French older adults who monitored capillary blood glucose differed significantly in all treatment modalities. CONCLUSION: The significant differences relating to the drug therapy modalities used by Brazilian and French older adults with diabetes point to the importance of understanding the therapeutic objective of drug therapy with older adults with diabetes. Adapting the therapy to the patient's clinical conditions can prevent the worsening of comorbidities that influence the loss of autonomy and frailty.

Inadequação de macro e micronutrientes oferecidos em duas escolas de tempo integral públicas no Nordeste do Brasil / Inadequacy of macro and micronutrients on offer in two full-time public schools in Northeastern Brazil

Resumo O Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar garante por meio da transferência de recursos financeiros a alimentação de alunos em escolas públicas e filantrópicas. Na adolescência, a boa nutrição é influenciada pelas taxas de crescimento físico e de alterações na composição corporal, sendo um período importante de vulnerabilidade nutricional. Objetivou-se analisar a adequação de macro e micronutrientes oferecidos aos adolescentes de escolas públicas de tempo integral no Nordeste do Brasil. Os cardápios foram avaliados utilizando os parâmetros para o atendimento de 70% das necessidades nutricionais diárias de macronutrientes e micronutrientes dos alunos beneficiários. Nota-se que, na maioria das faixas etárias, não houve o atendimento das necessidades energéticas, atingindo o percentual máximo de adequação de 86,2%. Houve adequação de proteínas em quatro dias apenas. O valor médio de carboidratos e lipídios estiveram abaixo do recomendado para todos os grupos etários. Os teores de Vitamina C, zinco e cálcio estiveram abaixo na maioria das preparações oferecidas. A quantidade de ferro foi alcançada em todas as faixas etárias. Conclui-se que deve haver um melhor planejamento na elaboração dos cardápios para tentar alcançar as necessidades previstas pelo Programa.

Abstract The National School Food Program guarantees the food of students in public and philanthropic schools by means of the transfer of funds. During adolescence, which is an important period of nutritional vulnerability, a healthy diet is responsible for the rates of physical growth and changes in body composition. The objective was to analyze the adequacy of macro- and micronutrients provided to adolescents in full-time public schools in northeastern Brazil. The menus were evaluated using the parameters to meet 70% of the daily nutritional needs in terms of macronutrients and micronutrients of the students involved. It was found that, for most age groups, energy requirements were not met, attaining the maximum adequacy of 86.2%, and protein ingestion was only sufficient on four days. The average amount of carbohydrates and lipids was below the recommended dose for all age groups. The levels of Vitamin C, zinc and calcium were insufficient in most of the meals on offer, though the iron quota was adequate for all age groups. The conclusion drawn is that enhanced planning needs to be incorporated in the preparation of menus to attempt to attain the requirements stipulated in the Program.

Lateral Preoptic Area Neurons Activated by Angiotensin-(1-7) Increase Intravesical Pressure: A Novel Feature in Central Micturition Control.

Central micturition control and urine storage involve a multisynaptic neuronal circuit for the efferent control of the urinary bladder. Electrical stimulation of the lateral preoptic area (LPA) at the level of the decussation of the anterior commissure in cats evokes relaxation of the bladder, whereas ventral stimulation of LPA evokes vigorous contraction. Endogenous Angiotensin-(1-7) [(Ang-(1-7)] synthesis depends on ACE-2, and its actions on binding to Mas receptors, which were found in LPA neurons. We aimed to investigate the Ang-(1-7) actions into the LPA on intravesical pressure (IP) and cardiovascular parameters. The gene and protein expressions of Mas receptors and ACE-2 were also evaluated in the LPA. Angiotensin-(1-7) (5 nmol/µL) or A-779 (Mas receptor antagonist, 50 nmol/µL) was injected into the LPA in anesthetized female Wistar rats; and the IP, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and renal conductance (RC) were recorded for 30 min. Unilateral injection of Ang-(1-7) into the LPA increased IP (187.46 ± 37.23%) with peak response at ∼23-25-min post-injection and yielded no changes in MAP, HR, and RC. Unilateral or bilateral injections of A-779 into the LPA decreased IP (-15.88 ± 2.76 and -27.30 ± 3.40%, respectively) and elicited no changes in MAP, HR, and RC. The genes and the protein expression of Mas receptors and ACE-2 were found in the LPA. Therefore, the LPA is an important part of the circuit involved in the urinary bladder control, in which the Ang-(1-7) synthetized into the LPA activates Mas receptors for increasing the IP independent on changes in RC and cardiovascular parameters.

Heteragrion lencionii (Odonata: Heteragrionidae) sp. nov. from Serra de Itabaiana National Park, Northeastern Brazil.

The Neotropical genus Heteragrion Selys, 1862 is one of the most speciose among Zygoptera. Notwithstanding, most of its species are poorly known, especially those from undersampled areas such as Northeastern Brazil. Here, we describe Heteragrion lencionii sp. nov., from protected areas of Sergipe state (Holotype ♂, Brazil, Sergipe, Areia Branca, Serra de Itabaiana National Park, -10.7484, -37.3390, 179 m, 7.xii.2020, A.B. Farias A.E. dos Santos leg., in UFS). This is only the second Heteragrion species discovered as new for the Northeastern region of Brazil, separated from other congeners by cercus morphology and thoracic coloration pattern.

Oxytocin Reduces Intravesical Pressure in Anesthetized Female Rats: Action on Oxytocin Receptors of the Urinary Bladder.

Urinary bladder dysfunction affects several people worldwide and shows higher prevalence in women. Micturition is dependent on the Barrington's nucleus, pontine urine storage center and periaqueductal gray matter, but other brain stem areas are involved in the bladder regulation. Neurons in the medulla oblongata send projections to hypothalamic nuclei as the supraoptic nucleus, which synthetizes oxytocin and in its turn, this peptide is released in the circulation. We investigated the effects of intravenous injection of oxytocin (OT) on the urinary bladder in sham and ovariectomized rats. We also evaluated the topical (in situ) action of OT on intravesical pressure (IP) as well as the existence of oxytocin receptors in the urinary bladder. In sham female Wistar rats, anesthetized with isoflurane, intravenous infusion of OT (10 ng/kg) significantly decreased the IP (-47.5 ± 1.2%) compared to saline (3.4 ± 0.7%). Similar effect in IP was observed in ovariectomized rats after i.v. OT (-41.9 ± 2.9%) compared to saline (0.5 ± 0.6%). Topical administration (in situ) of 0.1 mL of OT (1.0 ng/mL) significantly reduced the IP (22.3.0 ± 0.6%) compared to saline (0.9 ± 0.7%). We also found by qPCR that the gene expression of oxytocin receptor is present in this tissue. Blockade of oxytocin receptors significantly attenuated the reduction in IP evoked by oxytocin i.v. or in situ. Therefore, the findings suggest that (1) intravenous oxytocin decreases IP due to bladder relaxation and (2) OT has local bladder effect, binding directly in receptors located in the bladder.

Intraosseous maxillary mucoepidermoid carcinoma: a rare case report / Carcinoma mucoepidermoide intraósseo maxilar: um raro relato de caso

ABSTRACT An unusual case of intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma is reported in a 22-year-old female, located in the posterior maxilla region. The article summarizes the main characteristics of the disease, including clinical-pathologic characteristics, treatment and prognosis.

RESUMEN Reportamos un caso raro de carcinoma epidermoide intraóseo ubicado en región posterior de la maxila en una paciente de 22 años de edad. El artículo resume las principales características del proceso neoplásico, incluyendo las características clínico-patológicas, el tratamiento y el pronóstico.

RESUMO Relatamos um raro caso de carcinoma mucoepidermoide intraósseo localizado em região posterior da maxila em uma paciente de 22 anos de idade. O artigo resume as principais características do processo neoplásico, incluindo as características clinicopatológicas, o tratamento e o prognóstico.

Discrete cutaneous lesions in a critically ill patient treated only for AIDS and miliary tuberculosis: a case report of disseminated histoplasmosis.

Histoplasmosis is a systemic mycosis caused by the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum, with disseminated histoplasmosis (HD) being one of its clinical forms. As a consequence of the HIV-AIDS pandemic, HD has become prevalent not only in regions that are recognized as endemic but also in areas not considered endemic, such as Europe and Asia. Its clinical manifestations are varied and mimic several infectious diseases, mainly tuberculosis. In endemic areas, it is the first manifestation of AIDS in 50 to 70% of patients. The diagnosis of histoplasmosis is difficult and HD can lead to death if not diagnosed early and if proper treatment is not instituted. The present report presents a patient with a recent diagnosis of HIV-AIDS, in treatment for miliary tuberculosis, who was diagnosed with disseminated histoplasmosis because of his dermatological manifestations.