Comparative analysis of non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's Disease and atypical parkinsonisms.

OBJECTIVES: After being diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson's Disease (IPD) or Atypical Parkinsonism (AP) patients often tend to present non-motor symptoms (NMS). The aim of the study was to explore the differences between occurrence of non-motor symptoms presented by patients with IPD and AP, including sleep, autonomic, psychotic and affective disorders. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The study included 219 patients (184 with IPD, and 35 with AP) hospitalized between 2016 and 2019 in the Department of Neurology of the Medical University of Silesia. Non-motor symptoms were evaluated using patients' medical chart reviews and NMS questionnaire. The clinical advancement of the disease was assessed using UPDRS part III, and modified Hoehn-Yahr scale (HY). RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between both IPD and AP groups within the parameters of sex, age, HY and UPDRS III OFF scales. Non-motor symptoms were presented significantly often (p = 0.003) in AP patients (n = 32, 91.4 %), then in patients with IPD (n = 122, 66.3 %). Sleep disorders were significantly more prevalent in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (n = 92, 50 %) than in patients with atypical parkinsonism (n = 8, 22.86 %, p = 0.0031). However, autonomic and psychotic disorders didn't show statistically significant differences in both groups. CONCLUSION: Non-motor symptoms are frequent in both IPD and AP which makes them an integral part of both diseases. Patients with AP are more likely to present non-motor symptoms in general, but rarely they complain of sleep disorders.

Modelling of survival of patients with colon adenocarcinoma based on multivariable analysis of the state of cancer cell nuclear apparatus.

THE AIM: The creation of a mathematical model of survival in patients with colon adenocarcinoma based on multivariable analysis of the state of cancer cell nuclear apparatus. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was performed on 141 samples of biopsy materials or material obtained during surgical treatment of the patients with colon adenocarcinoma or benign colon neoplasms with the use of histological, morphometric, densitometric, immunohistochemical and mathematical methods. RESULTS: It has been shown that each discrete pattern of the state of adenocarcinoma cell nuclei (quantity of DNA, the number and volume of nuclear organizer regions, expression rates of Ki-67, Bcl-2 and p53) is prognostically invalid in the case of its separate use. Combination of these characteristics significantly enhances prognostic validity of the survival model. Based on equation of Cox proportional hazards, survival model of good quality for the patients with moderately and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma and increased average DNA content in tumor cell nuclei has been created. CONCLUSION: The proposed survival model for colon adenocarcinoma demonstrates the quality twice superior to the model based on the use of tumor grade only (G) which in fact is presently used as a sole common independent histological criterion of prognosis.

Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome in siblings without ROGDI mutation.

BACKGROUND: Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome is a rare neurodegenerative disorder presenting with intractable seizures, developmental regression, and characteristic hypoplastic dental enamel indicative of amelogenesis imperfecta. Recently, mutations in ROGDI were identified in part of Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome cases, but the siblings reported here do not have a mutation in the ROGDI gene, showing that there is genetic heterogeneity in Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome. AIM: Report two siblings that have Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome. CONCLUSION: Early onset of seizures and lack of the ability to walk without support may be signs of non-ROGDI mutations in Kohlschütter-Tönz syndrome patients.

[Influence of pH on synthesis of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus IMV B-7241 biosurfactants].

Synthesis of extracellular metabolites with surface-active and emulsifying properties, pH being maintained at the level of 5.8-8.0, in the process of cultivation of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus IMV B-7241 in the medium with ethanol (2%, volume part) was investigated. It is established that the neutral value of pH is optimal for synthesis of surface-active substances (SAS, biosurfactants) of A. calcoaceticus IMV B-7241. The maintenance of pH at the level of 7.0 with the help of KOH solution was accompanied by the 1.8-fold increase of the amount of synthesized SAS as compared with the process indicators without regulation of pH. The substitution of KOH by NaOH to maintain pH at the optimal level led to the 1.2-1.5-fold decrease of SAS concentration that is determined by the inhibiting effect of sodium cations on activity of biosynthesis enzymes of surface-active amino- and glycolipids of A. calcoaceticus IMV B-7241. The medium neutralization by KOH solution in the process of cultivation of the strain IMV B-7241 with further introduction of fumarate (0.01%) and citrate (0.01%) at the end of the exponential phase was accompanied by the 1.2-fold increase of the amount of synthesized SAS compared with the indicators of the analogous process without neutralization and by the 3 5-fold increase compared with bacteria cultivation on ethanol without organic acids and pH regulation.

[Effect of univalent cations on synthesis of surfactants by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus IMV B-7241].

The effect of univalent cations on activity of key enzymes of C2-metabolism has been investigated in the producer of biosurfactants, Acinetibacter calcoaceticus IMV B-7241 grown on ethanol. It was established that potassium cations are inhibitors of pyroquinolinequinone-dependent alcohol- and acetaldehyde dehydrogenases, the enzymes of biosynthesis of surface-active aminolipids (NADP-dependent glutamate dehydrogenase) and glycolipids (phosphoenopyruvate (PhEP)-carboxikinase), while ammonium cations are activators of these enzymes and PhEP-carboxylase. A decrease of potassium cations concentration in the cultivation medium to 1 mM and increase of the content of amine nitrogen to 10 mM as a result of potassium nitrate substitution by equimolar, as to nitrogen, urea concentration were accompanied by the increase of activity of enzymes of ethanol metabolism and SAS biosynthesis, as well as by the 2-fold increase of conditional concentration of the biosurfactants.

[Influence of metal nanoparticles on some microorganisms and microflora of unpasteurized beer].

The influence of nanoparticles of gold, silver, dioxide of cerium and zirconium in low concentration (0.5-7.5 mg/l) on pure cultures of Escherichia coli IEM-1, Bacillus subtilis BT-2, Candida scottii KB-2, Saccharomyces cerevisiae OB-3, Aspergillus niger R-3, Fusarium culmorum T-7 and Penicillium chrysogenum F-7 has been investigated. Silver nanoparticles, which caused a decrease of the amount of S. cerevisiae OB-3 cells by 90% after one hour of exposition, and led to almost complete death of vegetative and spore cells of B. subtilis BT-2 after 1 and 24 h of exposition, respectively, proved to be the most effective antimicrobial preparation. The decrease by one-two orders of the amount of B. subtilis BT-2 and of S cerevisiae OB-3 cells under the influence of preparations of silver nanoparicles in the presence of gold has been established. After adding silver preparations to the unpasteurized beer one could observe a decrease by 10-20% of bacterial and by about 40% of fungi which contaminated microflora on the 20th day of shelf-life. The paper is presented in Ukrainian.

[The results of presbyopia correction with multifocal and accommodating intraocular lenses].

Clinical results of implantation of intraocular lenses (IOL) Restor +3D and Crystalens HD 500 for presbyopia correction were compared, indications for every IOL type were optimized. 40 patients were divided into 2 equal groups: the 1st included patients without concomitant ocular and somatic diseases, patients with these conditions were enrolled into the the 2nd group. Uncorrected visual acuity, optic phenomena and patient's satisfaction with the results of treatment were estimated in 6-12 months after surgery. Restor +3D and Crystalens implantation is effective in presbyopia correction. MIOLs provide high visual functions in all distances but reduce vision quality. In patients with concomitant diseases Crystalens HD implantation is preferable.

[Biodegradation of surface-active substances of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus K-4].

A capacity of microorganisms of different taxonomic groups to assimilate surface-active substances (surfactants) of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus K-4 as a single source of carbon and energy has been established. It was shown that A. calcoaceticus K-4 cannot use its own surfactants as a source of carbon nutrition. The use of biocide formalin in concentration of 0.1% permits to prolong the term of preservation of A. calcoaceticus K-4 surfactants to 3.5 months without a loss of their surfactant and emulsiying properties.

[The influence of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus K-4 surface-active substances on the efficiency of microbial destruction of oil pollutants].

The possibility of the use of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus K-4 surface-active substances (SAS) for water purification from oil was shown. The efficiency of oil degradation (2.6 g/l) in the presence of SAS preparations (5-15 %) in the form of postfermentation of cultural liquid or its supernatant was established to be 81-95 %. Intensification of oil destruction was determined by SAS affecting the activity of oil-oxidizing microbial population.

[Neurocysticercosis in children: clinical study and follow-up of 112 patients]. / Neurocisticercosis en la infancia: estudio clínico y seguimiento de 112 casos.

INTRODUCTION: Neurocysticercosis (NC) is the infection of the central nervous system caused by the Taenia solium larva. It is related to a wide variety of clinical symptoms and pathological findings. AIM: Clinical study, diagnosis, treatment and evolution of 112 patients with NC. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 112 patients with NC, between 1 and 14 years of age, were evaluated and followed from 18 months up to 13 years. RESULTS: The most common clinical symptoms were epileptic seizures and signs of intracranial hypertension. The disease progressed as follows: active forms were seen in around 39% of the cases (viable cysts in 3% and transitional/granulomatous form in 36%), encephalitic form in 22% and inactive form (calcifications) in 39%. In the great majority of the cases, a treatment with anti-helmitic was not used. The control of the crises was positive in 86% of the cases -94% in the transitional forms, 93% in the inactive forms and 68% in the encephalitic form-. Recurrence of crises happened after suspension of the medication in 12,5% of the granulomatous form and in 11,2% of the inactive form. Neurological sequelae occurred only in the encephalitic form (12/25 patients). CONCLUSIONS: Clinical findings and clinical evolution of neurocysticercosis in children is related to the evolutive form of the disease. The clinical evolution, including control of the crises and radiological control, is benign in the inactive and active forms, except in the encephalitic forms. The extraparenquimatous form is quite rare in the pediatric group.

Neurocisticercosis en la infancia: estudio clínico y seguimiento de 112 casos / Neurocysticercosis in children: clinical study and follow-up of 112 patients

Introducción. La neurocisticercosis (NC) es la infeccióndel sistema nervioso central causada por larva de la Taenia solium.Está relacionada con una amplia variedad de manifestaciones clínicasy hallazgos patológicos. Objetivo. Estudio clínico, diagnóstico,tratamiento y evolución de 112 pacientes con NC. Pacientes y métodos.112 pacientes con NC de 1 a 14 años de edad, seguidos entre 18meses y 13 años. Resultados. los síntomas clínicos más comunes fueroncrisis epilépticas y signos de hipertensión endocraneal. Conrelación a la evolución de la enfermedad se encontraron formas activasen el 39% de los casos (quiste viable en el 3% y forma de transición/granular en el 36%), forma encefalítica en el 22% e inactiva(calcificaciones) en el 39%. En la gran mayoría de los pacientes nose realizó tratamiento con antihelmínticos. El control de las crisis selogró en el 86% de los casos –94% en las formas de transición, 93%en las formas inactivas y 68% en la forma encefalítica–. La recidivade las crisis después de la suspensión de la medicación ocurrió en12,5% en la forma granular y 11,2% en la forma inactiva. Sólo en laforma encefalítica se vieron secuelas neurológicas (12/25 pacientes).Conclusiones. Los hallazgos y la evolución clínica de la neurocisticercosisen la infancia están asociados con la forma evolutiva de laenfermedad. La evolución clínica, incluido el control de las crisis eimágenes, es benigna en las formas inactivas y activas, excepto enlas formas encefalíticas. La forma extraparenquimatosa es rara enla edad pediátrica

Introduction. Neurocysticercosis (NC) is the infection of the central nervous system caused by the Taenia soliumlarva. It is related to a wide variety of clinical symptoms and pathological findings. Aim. Clinical study, diagnosis, treatmentand evolution of 112 patients with NC. Patients and methods. 112 patients with NC, between 1 and 14 years of age, wereevaluated and followed from 18 months up to 13 years. Results. The most common clinical symptoms were epileptic seizuresand signs of intracranial hypertension. The disease progressed as follows: active forms were seen in around 39% of the cases(viable cysts in 3% and transitional/granulomatous form in 36%), encephalitic form in 22% and inactive form (calcifications)in 39%. In the great majority of the cases, a treatment with anti-helmitic was not used. The control of the crises was positivein 86% of the cases –94% in the transitional forms, 93% in the inactive forms and 68% in the encephalitic form–. Recurrenceof crises happened after suspension of the medication in 12,5% of the granulomatous form and in 11,2% of the inactive form.Neurological sequelae occurred only in the encephalitic form (12/25 patients). Conclusions. Clinical findings and clinicalevolution of neurocysticercosis in children is related to the evolutive form of the disease. The clinical evolution, includingcontrol of the crises and radiological control, is benign in the inactive and active forms, except in the encephalitic forms. Theextraparenquimatous form is quite rare in the pediatric group

[Peculiarities of surgical treatment of patients with complicated forms of the diabetic foot syndrome].

There were analyzed the results of surgical treatment of 246 patients, suffering diabetes mellitus, with destructive forms of the diabetic foot syndrome. It was established, that application of an active surgical tactic using cutaneo-adipose flap of their own and cellular culture of fibroblasts on the background of selective prolonged intraarterial complex therapy permits to perform economic amputation of foot, reduces risk of performance of high amputation of the lower extremity and reoperations.

[The prolonged intraarterial medicinal therapy of the destructive forms of diabetic foot syndrome].

The results of surgical treatment of 76 patients. suffering diabetes mellitus with purulent--necrotic affection of the foot. were analyzed. In 48 of them the selective prolonged intraarterial medicinal therapy was conducted. The efficacy of durable application of intraarterial desaggregant and antibacterial therapy was substantiated, permitting to perform predominantly "small" operation on the foot and to save its supportive function in 96% of observations.

[Psychosomatic factors of resistance to hypoxia]. / Psikhosomaticheskie faktory gipoksicheskoi ustoichivosti.

During formation of human long-term adaptation to cold-hypoxic influence, the some dynamics of psychological mechanisms contribution was revealed. On the first step of adaptation process, emotional-volitional personal peculiarities are significantly contributing; on further steps, communicability and general learning abilities are gaining importance. Anxiety, tenseness, diffidence and too strong self-control limit the hypoxic resistance far before restriction of physiological markers of the organism's functional abilities. Adaptation to cold-hypoxic effect contributing to organism stress-limiting system is believed to help experiencing extreme somatic and psychic loads by the people from psychological risk group.

[Method of excimer laser personalized ablation in astigmatism correction for the patient with sequelae of corneal penetrating wounds]. / Korrektsiia astigmatizma metodom éksimerlazernoi personalizirovannoi abliatsii u patsientov s posledstviiami pronikaiushchikh ranenii rogovitsy.

Aberrations of 25 eyes of patients with posttraumatic corneal scars and artiphakia were investigated using OPD-scan aberrometer. All patients underwent LASIK using the segmental and personalized ablation technology. Clinical and functional results were followed-up during up to 18 months after the surgery. Personalized ablation technology can be safely and effectively used in correction of sphere, cylinder and high order aberrations and allows to achieve maximally high refractive and functional results in the patients with refraction anomaly after eye trauma. Today in most cases such effective results can't be achieved by any other correction method.

[Phacoemulsification of complicated traumatic cataracts]. / Fakoémul'sifikatsiia oslozhnennykh travmaticheskikh katarakt.

Results of surgical treatment 142 eyes of patients with traumatic cataracts complicated with accompanied pathology (corneal scars, anterior and posterior synechia, lens subluxation, anterior and posterior capsule defects and others) are analyzed. In 107 cases phacoemulsification was done, in other cases--lensectomy, intracapsular extraction or phacoaspiration of traumatic cataract. Indications and contraindications for traumatic cataract phacoemulsification are formulated.

[Ways of improvement in surgical treatment of purulent-necrotic complications in the diabetic foot syndrome]. / Puti sovershenstvovaniia taktiki khirurgicheskogo lecheniia gnoino-nekroticheskikh oslozhnenii sindroma diabeticheskoi stopy.

Results of surgical treatment of 168 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) in the diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) were analyzed. Expediency of operative intervention was substantiated by pathogenic form of affection, its depth and diffusion, composition of microorganisms in purulent-necrotic focus. Performance of more extensive surgical treatment or distal amputation of foot with consequent closure of vast wound defect using full-layer subcutaneous-cutaneous flap with protracted selective intra-arterial anti-aggregate and antibacterial therapy was indicated in order to preserve the lower extremity supporting function and for prophylaxis of diffusion of purulent-necrotic affection. Application of improved tactics and surgical treatment in patients with DFS have allowed to reduce frequency of the lower extremity high amputation performance from 24 to 8.6%.

[Phacoemulsification of traumatic cataracts]. / Fakoémul'sifikatsiia travmaticheskikh katarakt.

A careful consideration was given to the results of surgical treatment of patients with traumatic cataracts complicated with concomitant pathology (corneal scars, anterior and posterior synechia, lens subdislocation, anterior and posterior crystalline capsule defects, etc.). In 107 cases phacoemulsification was done with other cases having lensectomy, intracapsular extraction or phacoaspiration of traumatic cataract. Indications and contraindications are specified for traumatic cataract phacoemulsification.

Seizures associated with calcifications and edema in neurocysticercosis.

We describe eight cases of pediatric patients whose neuroimages performed after seizures revealed abnormalities that were compatible with edema surrounding calcified lesions and which disappeared in subsequent examinations.