ABSTRACT
The results of the 3-year controlled trials of a new method of nonspecific urgent prophylaxis of influenza and acute respiratory diseases (ADR) by immunization of healthy adults with standard live enterovirus oral vaccines, introduced in 2-3 administrations at intervals of 7-10 days, at the initial stages of autumn and winter epidemics are presented. Observations, carried out in three republics, covered more than 150,000 persons immunized with enterovirus interferonogenic vaccines. A considerable decrease in morbidity rate among the vaccinees was achieved (on the average, by 3.2 times) in comparison to that among nonimmunized subjects. The method of nonspecific prophylaxis with live enterovirus interferonogenic vaccines is recommended during outbreaks of diseases induced simultaneously by several causative agents of influenza and ARD, as well as by pathogenic enterovirus strains.
Subject(s)
Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control , Enterovirus/immunology , Influenza A virus , Influenza, Human/prevention & control , Respiratory Tract Infections/prevention & control , Seasons , Viral Vaccines/immunology , Acute Disease , Administration, Oral , Emergencies , Humans , USSR , Viral Vaccines/administration & dosageABSTRACT
The schemes for profiles of migration of RNA segments from human rotaviruses isolated in Gorky city in 1981-1987 are presented. The groups of the "long", "short" and "wide" electrophoretypes were identified. The dominant rotaviral phoretypes are determined. The possibilities of electrophoretyping and prospects of the future research are discussed.
Subject(s)
Genes, Viral , RNA, Viral/analysis , Rotavirus/genetics , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , HumansSubject(s)
Poliovirus/isolation & purification , Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Antibody Formation , Environmental Microbiology , Humans , Poliomyelitis/epidemiology , Poliomyelitis/immunology , Poliomyelitis/microbiology , Poliovirus/classification , Poliovirus/immunology , Population Surveillance , Russia , Serotyping , Time Factors , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
The findings of epidemiological study of rotavirus infections among children in Gorki over the period of 1981-1985 are analyzed. The age of the patients is specified, as are the disease seasonal patterns and the incidence rates of its manifest and asymptomatic forms, and of carriership cases among healthy children in different foci of this infection.
Subject(s)
Gastroenteritis/epidemiology , Rotavirus Infections/epidemiology , Acute Disease , Age Factors , Carrier State/epidemiology , Carrier State/microbiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Convalescence , Feces/microbiology , Gastroenteritis/microbiology , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Meteorological Concepts , Rotavirus/isolation & purification , Rotavirus Infections/microbiology , Russia , Seasons , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
Rotaviruses were detected in 58 among 194 children with nonbacterial gastroenteritis whose feces were examined by direct electron microscopy and immune electron microscopy (IEM). Identification of Coxsackie B viruses isolated from patients with infectious-allergic myocarditis by IEM and the neutralization tests gave similar results (Coxsackie B6). Besides, IEM detected the accompanying virus types.
Subject(s)
Coxsackievirus Infections/diagnosis , Rotavirus Infections/diagnosis , Antigen-Antibody Complex/analysis , Child, Preschool , Coxsackievirus Infections/microbiology , Enterovirus B, Human/immunology , Enterovirus B, Human/ultrastructure , Feces/microbiology , Humans , Immunologic Techniques , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Intestinal Diseases/diagnosis , Intestinal Diseases/microbiology , Microscopy, Electron , Myocarditis/diagnosis , Myocarditis/microbiology , Rotavirus/immunology , Rotavirus/ultrastructure , Rotavirus Infections/microbiologyABSTRACT
The materials on the epidemiological supervision of poliomyelitis in a large city, carried out in 1972-1981, are presented. Two periods differing in morbidity rate, in the level of population immunity to poliomyelitis and in the activity of the poliovirus circulation are defined. The supervision of poliomyelitis is shown to be capable of influencing the course of the epidemic process of this infection provided that the individual elements of such supervision are correctly evaluated in different epidemic situations.
Subject(s)
Poliomyelitis/epidemiology , Antibodies, Viral/analysis , Antibody Formation , Child , Child, Preschool , Epidemiologic Methods , Feces/microbiology , Humans , Infant , Neutralization Tests , Pharynx/microbiology , Poliomyelitis/microbiology , Poliomyelitis/prevention & control , Poliovirus/immunology , Poliovirus/isolation & purification , Russia , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
The clinical virological survey of 180 cardiological patients aged 16-60 years with clinically diagnosed infectious allergic myocarditis (100), rheumatism (38) and other cardiac diseases (42) was made. A group of 97 practically healthy adults aged 21-60 years was used for control. The survey revealed statistically significant differences in the frequency of occurrence of Coxsackie B virus in healthy persons and in cardiac patients. Thus the criteria of the diagnostic significance of the results of the serologic survey gave grounds for suspicion that diseases in 31.2% of the surveyed patients were connected with the presence of Coxsackie B virus infection. Significantly more frequently Coxsackie B virus infection (predominantly type 4 virus) was found to be associated with infectious allergic myocarditis (42%).